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[[Image: WWILOGO.GIF]]<p>
<h3>The Constitution of the Ujedinjenje ili Smrt -<br><br>
<i>Unification or Death</i></h3>


[[iMAGE: BLK-HAND-1-.gif]]<br><br>


<title>Black Hand Constitution</title>
<b>I. Purpose and Name</b><br><br>
</head>
<body>
<img src="../WWILOGO.GIF"><p>
<h3>The Constitution of the Ujedinjenje ili Smrt - <p>
<i>Unification or Death</i></h3><p>
<p>
<img src="BLK-HAND.GIF" alt="--Seal of the Black Hand--"><p>
 
<b>I. Purpose and Name</b><p>


Article 1. For the purpose of realising the national ideals - the<br>
Article 1. For the purpose of realising the national ideals - the<br>
Unification of Serbdom - an organization is hereby created, whose<br>
Unification of Serbdom - an organization is hereby created, whose<br>
members may be any Serbian irrespective of sex, religion, place or<br>
members may be any Serbian irrespective of sex, religion, place or<br>
birth, as well as anybody else who will sincerely serve this idea.<p>
birth, as well as anybody else who will sincerely serve this idea.<br><br>


Article 2. The organisation gives priority to the revolutionary struggle<br>
Article 2. The organisation gives priority to the revolutionary struggle<br>
rather than relies on cultural striving, therefore its institution is an<br>
rather than relies on cultural striving, therefore its institution is an<br>
absolutely secret one for wider circles.<p>
absolutely secret one for wider circles.<br><br>


Article 3. The organization bears the name: "Ujedinjenje ili Smrt".<p>
Article 3. The organization bears the name: "Ujedinjenje ili Smrt".<br><br>


Article 4. In order to carry into effect its task the organization will<br>
Article 4. In order to carry into effect its task the organization will<br>
do the following things:<p>
do the following things:<br><br>


(1) Following the character of its raison d etre it will exercise its<br>
(1) Following the character of its raison d etre it will exercise its<br>
influence over all the official factors in Serbia - which is the Piemont<br>
influence over all the official factors in Serbia - which is the Piemont<br>
of Serbdom - as also over all the strata of the State and over the<br>
of Serbdom - as also over all the strata of the State and over the<br>
entire social life in it:<p>
entire social life in it:<br><br>


(2) It will carry out a revolutionary organisation in all the<br>
(2) It will carry out a revolutionary organisation in all the<br>
territories where Serbians are living:<p>
territories where Serbians are living:<br><br>


(3) Beyond the frontiers, it will fight with all means against all<br>
(3) Beyond the frontiers, it will fight with all means against all<br>
enemies of this idea:<p>
enemies of this idea:<br><br>


(4) It will maintain friendly relations with all the States, nations,<br>
(4) It will maintain friendly relations with all the States, nations,<br>
organisations, and individual persons who sympathise with Serbia<br>
organisations, and individual persons who sympathise with Serbia<br>
and the Serbian race:<p>
and the Serbian race:<br><br>


(5) It will give every assistance to those nations and organisations<br>
(5) It will give every assistance to those nations and organisations<br>
who are fighting for their own national liberation and unification.<p>
who are fighting for their own national liberation and unification.<br><br>




<b>II. Official Departments of the Organisation</b><p>
<b>II. Official Departments of the Organisation</b><br><br>


Article 5. The supreme authority is vested in the Supreme Central<br>
Article 5. The supreme authority is vested in the Supreme Central<br>
Directorate with its headquarters at Belgrade. Its duty will be to see<br>
Directorate with its headquarters at Belgrade. Its duty will be to see<br>
that the resolutions are carried into effect.<p>
that the resolutions are carried into effect.<br><br>


Article 6. The number of members of the Supreme Central Directorate is<br>
Article 6. The number of members of the Supreme Central Directorate is<br>
unlimited - but in principle it should be kept as low as possible.<p>
unlimited - but in principle it should be kept as low as possible.<br><br>


Article 7. The Supreme Central Directorate shall include, in addition to<br>
Article 7. The Supreme Central Directorate shall include, in addition to<br>
Line 61: Line 57:
each of the organisations of all the Serbian regions: (1) Bosnia and<br>
each of the organisations of all the Serbian regions: (1) Bosnia and<br>
Herzegovina, (2) Montenegro, (3) Old Serbia and Macedonia, (4) Croatia,<br>
Herzegovina, (2) Montenegro, (3) Old Serbia and Macedonia, (4) Croatia,<br>
Slovenia and Symria (Srem), (5) Voyvodina, (6) Sea-coasts.<p>
Slovenia and Symria (Srem), (5) Voyvodina, (6) Sea-coasts.<br><br>


Article 8. It will be the task of the Supreme Central Directorate to<br>
Article 8. It will be the task of the Supreme Central Directorate to<br>
carry out the principles of the organisation within the territory of the<br>
carry out the principles of the organisation within the territory of the<br>
Kingdom of Serbia.<p>
Kingdom of Serbia.<br><br>


Article 9. The duty of each individual Provincial Directorate will be to<br>
Article 9. The duty of each individual Provincial Directorate will be to<br>
Line 71: Line 67:
territories of each Serbian region outside the frontiers of the Kingdom<br>
territories of each Serbian region outside the frontiers of the Kingdom<br>
of Serbia. The Provincial Directorate will be the supreme authority of<br>
of Serbia. The Provincial Directorate will be the supreme authority of<br>
the organisation within its own territory.<p>
the organisation within its own territory.<br><br>


Article 10. The subdivisions of the organisation into District<br>
Article 10. The subdivisions of the organisation into District<br>
Line 77: Line 73:
By-Laws of the organisation which shall be laid down, and if need be,<br>
By-Laws of the organisation which shall be laid down, and if need be,<br>
from time to time amended and amplified by the Supreme Central<br>
from time to time amended and amplified by the Supreme Central<br>
Directorate.<p>
Directorate.<br><br>


Article 11. Each Directorate shall elect, from amongst its own members,<br>
Article 11. Each Directorate shall elect, from amongst its own members,<br>
its President, Secretary and Treasures.<p>
its President, Secretary and Treasures.<br><br>


Article 12. By virtue of the nature of his work, the Secretary may act<br>
Article 12. By virtue of the nature of his work, the Secretary may act<br>
as a Deputy President. In order that he may devote himself entirely to<br>
as a Deputy President. In order that he may devote himself entirely to<br>
the work of the organisation, the Secretary s salary and expenses shall<br>
the work of the organisation, the Secretary s salary and expenses shall<br>
be provided by the Supreme Central Directorate.<p>
be provided by the Supreme Central Directorate.<br><br>


Article 13. The positions of President and Treasurers shall be un-<br>
Article 13. The positions of President and Treasurers shall be un-<br>
salaried.<p>
salaried.<br><br>


Article 14. All official business questions of the organisation shall be<br>
Article 14. All official business questions of the organisation shall be<br>
decided in the sessions of the Supreme Central Directorate by a majority<br>
decided in the sessions of the Supreme Central Directorate by a majority<br>
of votes.<p>
of votes.<br><br>


Article 15. For the execution of such decisions of the organisation, the<br>
Article 15. For the execution of such decisions of the organisation, the<br>
absolute executive power shall be vested in the President and the<br>
absolute executive power shall be vested in the President and the<br>
Secretary.<p>
Secretary.<br><br>


Article 16. In exceptional and less important cases the President and<br>
Article 16. In exceptional and less important cases the President and<br>
the Secretary shall make the decisions and secure their execution, but<br>
the Secretary shall make the decisions and secure their execution, but<br>
they shall report accordingly at the next following session of the<br>
they shall report accordingly at the next following session of the<br>
Supreme Central Directorate.<p>
Supreme Central Directorate.<br><br>


Article 17. For the purpose of ensuring a more efficient discharge of<br>
Article 17. For the purpose of ensuring a more efficient discharge of<br>
business, the Supreme Central Directorate shall be divided into<br>
business, the Supreme Central Directorate shall be divided into<br>
sections, according to the nature of the work.<p>
sections, according to the nature of the work.<br><br>


Article 18. The Supreme Central Directorate shall maintain its relations<br>
Article 18. The Supreme Central Directorate shall maintain its relations<br>
Line 112: Line 108:
shall be at the same time members of the Supreme Central Directorate; in<br>
shall be at the same time members of the Supreme Central Directorate; in<br>
exceptional cases, however, these relations shall be maintained through<br>
exceptional cases, however, these relations shall be maintained through<br>
special delegates.<p>
special delegates.<br><br>


Article 19. Provincial Directorates shall have freedom of action. Only<br>
Article 19. Provincial Directorates shall have freedom of action. Only<br>
in cases of the execution of broader revolutionary movements will they<br>
in cases of the execution of broader revolutionary movements will they<br>
depend upon the approval of the Supreme Central Directorate.<p>
depend upon the approval of the Supreme Central Directorate.<br><br>


Article 20. The Supreme Central Directorate shall regulate all the signs<br>
Article 20. The Supreme Central Directorate shall regulate all the signs<br>
and watchwords, necessary for the maintenance of secrecy in the<br>
and watchwords, necessary for the maintenance of secrecy in the<br>
organisation.<p>
organisation.<br><br>


Article 21. It shall be the Supreme Central Directorate s duty<br>
Article 21. It shall be the Supreme Central Directorate s duty<br>
punctually and officially to keep all the members of the organisation<br>
punctually and officially to keep all the members of the organisation<br>
well posted about all the more important questions relative to the<br>
well posted about all the more important questions relative to the<br>
organisation.<p>
organisation.<br><br>


Article 22. The Supreme Central Directorate shall from time to time<br>
Article 22. The Supreme Central Directorate shall from time to time<br>
control and inspect the work of its own departments. Analogically, the<br>
control and inspect the work of its own departments. Analogically, the<br>
other Directorates shall do likewise with their own departments.<p>
other Directorates shall do likewise with their own departments.<br><br>


<p>
<b>III. The Members of the Organisation</b><br><br>
<b>III. The Members of the Organisation</b><p>


Article 23. The following rule, as a principle, shall govern all the<br>
Article 23. The following rule, as a principle, shall govern all the<br>
detailed transactions of the organisation: All communications and<br>
detailed transactions of the organisation: All communications and<br>
conversations to be conducted only through specially appointed and<br>
conversations to be conducted only through specially appointed and<br>
authorised persons.<p>
authorised persons.<br><br>


Article 24. It shall be the duty of every member to recruit new members,<br>
Article 24. It shall be the duty of every member to recruit new members,<br>
but it shall be understood that every introducing member shall vouch<br>
but it shall be understood that every introducing member shall vouch<br>
with his own life for all those whom he introduces into the organisation.<p>
with his own life for all those whom he introduces into the organisation.<br><br>


Article 25. The members of the organisation as amongst themselves shall<br>
Article 25. The members of the organisation as amongst themselves shall<br>
not be known to one another. Only the members of Directorates shall be<br>
not be known to one another. Only the members of Directorates shall be<br>
known personally to one another.<p>
known personally to one another.<br><br>


Article 26. In the organisation the members shall be registered and<br>
Article 26. In the organisation the members shall be registered and<br>
known by their respective numbers. But the Supreme Central Directorate<br>
known by their respective numbers. But the Supreme Central Directorate<br>
must know them also by their respective names.<p>
must know them also by their respective names.<br><br>


Article 27. The members of the organisation must unconditionally obey<br>
Article 27. The members of the organisation must unconditionally obey<br>
all the commands given by their respective Directorates, as also all the<br>
all the commands given by their respective Directorates, as also all the<br>
Directorates must obey unconditionally the commands which they receive<br>
Directorates must obey unconditionally the commands which they receive<br>
direct from their superior Directorate.<p>
direct from their superior Directorate.<br><br>


Article 28. Every member shall be obliged to impart officially to the<br>
Article 28. Every member shall be obliged to impart officially to the<br>
organisation whatever comes to his knowledge, either in his private life<br>
organisation whatever comes to his knowledge, either in his private life<br>
or in the discharge of his official duties, in as far as it may be of<br>
or in the discharge of his official duties, in as far as it may be of<br>
interest to the organisation.<p>
interest to the organisation.<br><br>


Article 29. The interest of the organisation shall stand above all<br>
Article 29. The interest of the organisation shall stand above all<br>
other interests.<p>
other interests.<br><br>


Article 30. On entering into the organisation, every member must know<br>
Article 30. On entering into the organisation, every member must know<br>
Line 169: Line 164:
moral. Consequently the member who should dare to try to exploit the<br>
moral. Consequently the member who should dare to try to exploit the<br>
organisation for his personal, or class, or party interests  shall be<br>
organisation for his personal, or class, or party interests  shall be<br>
punished by death.<p>
punished by death.<br><br>


Article 31. Whosoever has once entered into the organisation can never<br>
Article 31. Whosoever has once entered into the organisation can never<br>
by any means leave it, nor shall anybody have the authority to accept<br>
by any means leave it, nor shall anybody have the authority to accept<br>
the resignation of a member.<p>
the resignation of a member.<br><br>


Article 32. Every member shall support the organisation by his weekly<br>
Article 32. Every member shall support the organisation by his weekly<br>
Line 179: Line 174:
procure money, if need be, by coercion. The permission to resort to<br>
procure money, if need be, by coercion. The permission to resort to<br>
these means may be given only by Supreme Central Directorate within the<br>
these means may be given only by Supreme Central Directorate within the<br>
country, or by the regional Directorates within their respective region.<p>
country, or by the regional Directorates within their respective region.<br><br>


Article 33. In administering capital punishment the sole responsibility<br>
Article 33. In administering capital punishment the sole responsibility<br>
of the Supreme Central Directorate shall be to see that such punishment<br>
of the Supreme Central Directorate shall be to see that such punishment<br>
is safely and unfailingly carried into effect without any regard for the<br>
is safely and unfailingly carried into effect without any regard for the<br>
ways and means to be employed in the execution.<p>
ways and means to be employed in the execution.<br><br>
 
<p><p>


<b>IV. The Seal and the Oath of Allegiance</b><p>
<b>IV. The Seal and the Oath of Allegiance</b><br><br>


Article 34. The Organisation's official seal is thus composed: In the<br>
Article 34. The Organisation's official seal is thus composed: In the<br>
Line 196: Line 189:
poison. Around, in a circle, there is the following inscription, reading<br>
poison. Around, in a circle, there is the following inscription, reading<br>
from left to right: "Unification or Death", and in the base: "The<br>
from left to right: "Unification or Death", and in the base: "The<br>
Supreme Central Directorate".<p>
Supreme Central Directorate".<br><br>


Article 35. On entering into the organisation the joining member must<br>
Article 35. On entering into the organisation the joining member must<br>
pronounce the following oath of allegiance:<p>
pronounce the following oath of allegiance:<br><br>


"I (the Christian name and surname of the joining member), by entering<br>
"I (the Christian name and surname of the joining member), by entering<br>
Line 212: Line 205:
shall keep within myself all the secrets of this organisation and carry<br>
shall keep within myself all the secrets of this organisation and carry<br>
them with me into my grave. May God and my comrades in this organisation<br>
them with me into my grave. May God and my comrades in this organisation<br>
be my judges if at any time I should wittingly fail or break this oath!"<p>
be my judges if at any time I should wittingly fail or break this oath!"<br><br>
<p>
 
<p>
<b>V. Supplementary Orders</b><br><br>
<b>V. Supplementary Orders</b><p>


Article 36. The present Constitution shall come into force immediately.<br>
Article 36. The present Constitution shall come into force immediately.<br>
Article 37. The present Constitution must not be altered.<p>
Article 37. The present Constitution must not be altered.<br><br>
<p>
 
Done at Belgrade this 9th day of May, 1911 A.D.<p>
Done at Belgrade this 9th day of May, 1911 A.D.<br><br>
<p>
 
Signed:<p>
Signed:<br><br>
<p>
 
Major Ilija Radivojevitch<br>
Major Ilija Radivojevitch<br>
Vice-Consul Bogdan Radenkovitch<br>
Vice-Consul Bogdan Radenkovitch<br>
Line 232: Line 224:
Major Vojin P. Tanksoitch<br>
Major Vojin P. Tanksoitch<br>
Major Milan Vasitch<br>
Major Milan Vasitch<br>
Col. Milovan Gr. Milovanovitch<br>
Col. Milovan Gr. Milovanovitch<br><br>
<p>
 
<small>From: Pozzi, Henri, <i>Black Hand Over Europe,</i> (Reprint of the 1935 edition), Croatian Information Centre, Zagreb, 1994; consisting of Pozzi, Henri: <i>War Is Coming Again,</i> (translated by Francis J. Mott), 1911.</small>
<small>From: Pozzi, Henri, <i>Black Hand Over Europe,</i> (Reprint of the 1935 edition), Croatian Information Centre, Zagreb, 1994; consisting of Pozzi, Henri: <i>War Is Coming Again,</i> (translated by Francis J. Mott), 1911.</small>
<hr>
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WWI Document Archive > Pre - 1914 Documents > Constitution of the Black Hand


WWILOGO.GIF

The Constitution of the Ujedinjenje ili Smrt -

Unification or Death

BLK-HAND-1-.gif

I. Purpose and Name

Article 1. For the purpose of realising the national ideals - the
Unification of Serbdom - an organization is hereby created, whose
members may be any Serbian irrespective of sex, religion, place or
birth, as well as anybody else who will sincerely serve this idea.

Article 2. The organisation gives priority to the revolutionary struggle
rather than relies on cultural striving, therefore its institution is an
absolutely secret one for wider circles.

Article 3. The organization bears the name: "Ujedinjenje ili Smrt".

Article 4. In order to carry into effect its task the organization will
do the following things:

(1) Following the character of its raison d etre it will exercise its
influence over all the official factors in Serbia - which is the Piemont
of Serbdom - as also over all the strata of the State and over the
entire social life in it:

(2) It will carry out a revolutionary organisation in all the
territories where Serbians are living:

(3) Beyond the frontiers, it will fight with all means against all
enemies of this idea:

(4) It will maintain friendly relations with all the States, nations,
organisations, and individual persons who sympathise with Serbia
and the Serbian race:

(5) It will give every assistance to those nations and organisations
who are fighting for their own national liberation and unification.


II. Official Departments of the Organisation

Article 5. The supreme authority is vested in the Supreme Central
Directorate with its headquarters at Belgrade. Its duty will be to see
that the resolutions are carried into effect.

Article 6. The number of members of the Supreme Central Directorate is
unlimited - but in principle it should be kept as low as possible.

Article 7. The Supreme Central Directorate shall include, in addition to
the members from the Kingdom of Serbia, one accredited delegate from
each of the organisations of all the Serbian regions: (1) Bosnia and
Herzegovina, (2) Montenegro, (3) Old Serbia and Macedonia, (4) Croatia,
Slovenia and Symria (Srem), (5) Voyvodina, (6) Sea-coasts.

Article 8. It will be the task of the Supreme Central Directorate to
carry out the principles of the organisation within the territory of the
Kingdom of Serbia.

Article 9. The duty of each individual Provincial Directorate will be to
carry out the principles of the organisation within the respective
territories of each Serbian region outside the frontiers of the Kingdom
of Serbia. The Provincial Directorate will be the supreme authority of
the organisation within its own territory.

Article 10. The subdivisions of the organisation into District
Directorates and other units of authority shall be established by the
By-Laws of the organisation which shall be laid down, and if need be,
from time to time amended and amplified by the Supreme Central
Directorate.

Article 11. Each Directorate shall elect, from amongst its own members,
its President, Secretary and Treasures.

Article 12. By virtue of the nature of his work, the Secretary may act
as a Deputy President. In order that he may devote himself entirely to
the work of the organisation, the Secretary s salary and expenses shall
be provided by the Supreme Central Directorate.

Article 13. The positions of President and Treasurers shall be un-
salaried.

Article 14. All official business questions of the organisation shall be
decided in the sessions of the Supreme Central Directorate by a majority
of votes.

Article 15. For the execution of such decisions of the organisation, the
absolute executive power shall be vested in the President and the
Secretary.

Article 16. In exceptional and less important cases the President and
the Secretary shall make the decisions and secure their execution, but
they shall report accordingly at the next following session of the
Supreme Central Directorate.

Article 17. For the purpose of ensuring a more efficient discharge of
business, the Supreme Central Directorate shall be divided into
sections, according to the nature of the work.

Article 18. The Supreme Central Directorate shall maintain its relations
with the Provincial Directorates through the accredited delegates of the
said provincial organisations, it being understood that such delegates
shall be at the same time members of the Supreme Central Directorate; in
exceptional cases, however, these relations shall be maintained through
special delegates.

Article 19. Provincial Directorates shall have freedom of action. Only
in cases of the execution of broader revolutionary movements will they
depend upon the approval of the Supreme Central Directorate.

Article 20. The Supreme Central Directorate shall regulate all the signs
and watchwords, necessary for the maintenance of secrecy in the
organisation.

Article 21. It shall be the Supreme Central Directorate s duty
punctually and officially to keep all the members of the organisation
well posted about all the more important questions relative to the
organisation.

Article 22. The Supreme Central Directorate shall from time to time
control and inspect the work of its own departments. Analogically, the
other Directorates shall do likewise with their own departments.

III. The Members of the Organisation

Article 23. The following rule, as a principle, shall govern all the
detailed transactions of the organisation: All communications and
conversations to be conducted only through specially appointed and
authorised persons.

Article 24. It shall be the duty of every member to recruit new members,
but it shall be understood that every introducing member shall vouch
with his own life for all those whom he introduces into the organisation.

Article 25. The members of the organisation as amongst themselves shall
not be known to one another. Only the members of Directorates shall be
known personally to one another.

Article 26. In the organisation the members shall be registered and
known by their respective numbers. But the Supreme Central Directorate
must know them also by their respective names.

Article 27. The members of the organisation must unconditionally obey
all the commands given by their respective Directorates, as also all the
Directorates must obey unconditionally the commands which they receive
direct from their superior Directorate.

Article 28. Every member shall be obliged to impart officially to the
organisation whatever comes to his knowledge, either in his private life
or in the discharge of his official duties, in as far as it may be of
interest to the organisation.

Article 29. The interest of the organisation shall stand above all
other interests.

Article 30. On entering into the organisation, every member must know
that by joining the organisation he loses his own personality; he must
not expect any glory for himself, nor any personal benefit, material or
moral. Consequently the member who should dare to try to exploit the
organisation for his personal, or class, or party interests shall be
punished by death.

Article 31. Whosoever has once entered into the organisation can never
by any means leave it, nor shall anybody have the authority to accept
the resignation of a member.

Article 32. Every member shall support the organisation by his weekly
contributions. The organisations, however, shall have the authority to
procure money, if need be, by coercion. The permission to resort to
these means may be given only by Supreme Central Directorate within the
country, or by the regional Directorates within their respective region.

Article 33. In administering capital punishment the sole responsibility
of the Supreme Central Directorate shall be to see that such punishment
is safely and unfailingly carried into effect without any regard for the
ways and means to be employed in the execution.

IV. The Seal and the Oath of Allegiance

Article 34. The Organisation's official seal is thus composed: In the
centre of the seal there is a powerful arm holding in its hand an
unfurled flag on which - as a coat of arms - there is a skull with
crossed bones; by the side of the flag, a knife, a bomb and a phial of
poison. Around, in a circle, there is the following inscription, reading
from left to right: "Unification or Death", and in the base: "The
Supreme Central Directorate".

Article 35. On entering into the organisation the joining member must
pronounce the following oath of allegiance:

"I (the Christian name and surname of the joining member), by entering
into the organisation "Unification or Death", do hereby swear by the Sun
which shineth upon me, by the Earth which feedeth me, by God, by the
blood of my forefathers, by my honour and by my life, that from this
moment onward and until my death, I shall faithfully serve the task of
this organisation and that I shall at all times be prepared to bear for
it any sacrifice. I further swear by God, by my honour and by my life,
that I shall unconditionally carry into effect all its orders and
commands. I further swear by my God, by my honour and by my life, that I
shall keep within myself all the secrets of this organisation and carry
them with me into my grave. May God and my comrades in this organisation
be my judges if at any time I should wittingly fail or break this oath!"

V. Supplementary Orders

Article 36. The present Constitution shall come into force immediately.
Article 37. The present Constitution must not be altered.

Done at Belgrade this 9th day of May, 1911 A.D.

Signed:

Major Ilija Radivojevitch
Vice-Consul Bogdan Radenkovitch
Colonel Cedimilj A. Popovitch
Lt.-Col. Velimir Vemitch
Journalist Ljubomir S. Jovanovitch
Col. Dragutin T. Dimitrijevitch
Major Vojin P. Tanksoitch
Major Milan Vasitch
Col. Milovan Gr. Milovanovitch

From: Pozzi, Henri, Black Hand Over Europe, (Reprint of the 1935 edition), Croatian Information Centre, Zagreb, 1994; consisting of Pozzi, Henri: War Is Coming Again, (translated by Francis J. Mott), 1911.


WWI Document Archive > Pre - 1914 Documents > Constitution of the Black Hand