The Great War Diaries - 1915 (5th Seaforths) - World War I Document Archive

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<o:p> </o:p>

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<center>The

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The

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Great War diaries of

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Great War diaries of<o:p></o:p>

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<center>John

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John

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Bruce Cairnie

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Bruce Cairnie<o:p></o:p>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<center><span style='font-size:24.0pt;

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<span style='font-size:24.0pt;

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font-family:Wingdings'>z 1915 <span

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font-family:Wingdings'>z 1915 <span

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style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>z<span

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style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>z<span

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style='font-size:24.0pt'>

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style='font-size:24.0pt'><o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<center><span style='font-size:24.0pt;

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<span style='font-size:24.0pt;

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font-family:Wingdings'>Ë 1915 <span

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font-family:Wingdings'>Ë 1915 <span

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style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>Ë<span

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style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>Ë<span

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style='font-size:24.0pt'>

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style='font-size:24.0pt'><o:p></o:p>

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<center>transcribed

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transcribed

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and annotated by James Bruce

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and annotated by James Bruce<o:p></o:p>

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<center>correspondence

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correspondence

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to Alan Cairnie [cairnie@cogeco.ca]

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to Alan Cairnie [cairnie@cogeco.ca]<o:p></o:p>

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<center>BIOGRAPHY

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BIOGRAPHY<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>John Bruce Cairnie was born on 22nd. September 1889 in Thurso<span

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John Bruce Cairnie was born on 22nd. September 1889 in Thurso<span

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style='font-size:10.0pt'>, <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place>, the third

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style='font-size:10.0pt'>, <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place>, the third

son of David Dandie Cairnie, a chemist in the town, and Mary Wilson Bruce. He

attended the Miller Institute in Thurso and <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Edinburgh</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceType>University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, where he graduated M.A.

in 1911 and B.Sc. in 1912. His interests were in Botany and Geology. He then

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attended teachers’ college.

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attended teachers’ college.

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<~~br><br~~>His diary for 1916 will follow in due course.

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His diary for 1916 will follow in due course.

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In October 1917 he sailed to join the 3/4th King’s

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In October 1917 he sailed to join the 3/4th King’s

African Rifles with the rank of lieutenant. He kept a diary from that time

until January 1919 when he sailed for home. This diary will also be transcribed

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soon.

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soon.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>In September 1919 he started his teaching career in Golspie and in October

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In September 1919 he started his teaching career in Golspie and in October

1921 moved south to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Ayr</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType>Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>.

He later moved to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Cumnock</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType><span

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style='font-size:10.0pt'>~~Academy~~</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> where he

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style='font-size:10.0pt'>Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> where he

completed his career, retiring in 1953. During his time in Ayrshire he maintained

his interest in Thurso by keeping in touch with family and friends and visiting

in the summer. He kept in contact with his comrades in the 5th

Seaforths by attending the reunions. He died in 1977, and his pawky sense of

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humour, and warmth of nature are missed by family and all who knew him..

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humour, and warmth of nature are missed by family and all who knew him..

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<~~br><br~~>In 1930 he had married Isabella Moodie

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In 1930 he had married Isabella Moodie

and they had a son Alan Bruce Cairnie who moved to <st1:country-region><st1:place>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>

in 1967. Two of John Bruce’s great-grandsons wrote in 2003, as part of a

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Royal Canadian Legion competition, the following compositions:

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Royal Canadian Legion competition, the following compositions:

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<center>"What

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"What

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Remembrance Day Means to Me"

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Remembrance Day Means to Me"<o:p></o:p>

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<center>by Angus Cairnie, aged 12.

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by Angus Cairnie, aged 12.

The order comes

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from the generals;

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from the generals;<o:p></o:p>

The tanks halt, the

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only sound is from the gulls.

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only sound is from the gulls. <o:p></o:p>

The shells stop,

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the guns are stilled,

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the guns are stilled,<o:p></o:p>

The bombs stop blasting,

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people remember those killed.

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people remember those killed.<o:p></o:p>

Memories come,

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unstoppable as a flood,

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unstoppable as a flood,<o:p></o:p>

Weep, weep and free

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the earth of blood,

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the earth of blood,<o:p></o:p>

Tears flow, wash

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away the sadness.

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away the sadness.<o:p></o:p>

Thousands died to

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clean the world of badness.

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clean the world of badness.<o:p></o:p>

War is the knife,

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blood is the lives and peace the tourniquet,

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blood is the lives and peace the tourniquet,<o:p></o:p>

Remember, never

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forget and feel the pain as battle lines met.

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forget and feel the pain as battle lines met.<o:p></o:p>

Love peace and

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never let this happen again,

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never let this happen again,<o:p></o:p>

Restrain your anger

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and don’t unleash again this pain.

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and don’t unleash again this pain.<o:p></o:p>

Stop the artillery,

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silence the guns.

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silence the guns.<o:p></o:p>

No need anymore to

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slay the Huns.

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slay the Huns.<o:p></o:p>

Call back the tanks,

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land the planes,

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land the planes,<o:p></o:p>

Time to stop the

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advance across the plains.

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advance across the plains.<o:p></o:p>

We’ve stopped

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the holocaust,

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the holocaust,<o:p></o:p>

The massive total

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human cost.

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human cost.<o:p></o:p>

The time to mourn

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now is best,

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now is best,<o:p></o:p>

More death than we

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could have guessed.

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could have guessed.<o:p></o:p>

So today is the day

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that we remember.

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that we remember.<o:p></o:p>

Because war can be

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a glowing ember,

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a glowing ember,<o:p></o:p>

At the thought of

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war we stand aghast,

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war we stand aghast,<o:p></o:p>

And Remembrance Day

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will always last.

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will always last. <o:p></o:p>

********************************

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<o:p></o:p>

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"Remembrance

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Day Essay"<o:p></o:p>

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<center>~~"Remembrance~~

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by Malcolm

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~~Day Essay"~~

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Cairnie, aged 11

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<~~center~~>~~by Malcolm~~

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A class is sitting in an

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~~Cairnie, aged 11~~

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~~ ~~ A class is sitting in an

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assembly for Remembrance Day. One kid whispers to another, " What’s

this Remembrance Day thing about, anyway?" The other kid replies, " I

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think it’s something for dead soldiers or something."

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think it’s something for dead soldiers or something."

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True. But that isn’t

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True. But that isn’t

the half of it. Remembrance Day is a time to remember the brave men in World

War I and World War II who died fighting against evil and tyranny. Veterans

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take away the terrible reality of millions of deaths on both sides, and war is

equally horrible no matter who wins. Some questions the little kid in the first

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paragraph might ask are:

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paragraph might ask are:

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<~~br><br~~>Why do we wear a poppy?

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Why do we wear a poppy?

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<~~br><br~~>We wear a poppy to honor dead soldiers. Poppies grew on many men’s

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We wear a poppy to honor dead soldiers. Poppies grew on many men’s

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graves so it was adopted as a Remembrance Day symbol.

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graves so it was adopted as a Remembrance Day symbol.

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<~~br><br~~>Why do we have a moment of silence?

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Why do we have a moment of silence?

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<~~br><br~~>On November 11th the peace treaty for World War I was signed. The

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On November 11th the peace treaty for World War I was signed. The

minute the order ‘Cease fire’ was given, a silence fell over all.

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Today we use these two minutes to think about peace.

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Today we use these two minutes to think about peace.

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<~~br><br~~>Why did these men go to war?

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Why did these men go to war?

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<~~br><br~~>There were various reasons. Some went for the salary. Others went for the

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There were various reasons. Some went for the salary. Others went for the

adventure and excitement. Then some went to be with family and friends. Many

went to fight for their country and freedom. Whatever the reason, we can be

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sure there are more dead soldiers than veterans.

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sure there are more dead soldiers than veterans.

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War is a gruesome prospect,

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War is a gruesome prospect,

and we must always try to find a better way. Most minor conflicts can be

settled by negotiations, but sometimes war is necessary. Whatever any soldier

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does, he or she must only fight for freedom and justice.

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does, he or she must only fight for freedom and justice.

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<~~br><br~~>So before you go rampaging off to battle, think. Is there anything else we

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So before you go rampaging off to battle, think. Is there anything else we

can do to help? Do we have to kill? There is almost always a solution other

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than violence, and it is up to us to find it.

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than violence, and it is up to us to find it.

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<center>IN

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IN

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THE RANKS

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THE RANKS<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>The origins of the 5th Seaforths lay in the Sutherland

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The origins of the 5th Seaforths lay in the Sutherland

Highland Rifle Volunteers, raised in Sutherland and <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place>

in 1859/60 as part of a country wide enthusiasm for part-time soldiering

inspired by fears of French invasion. In 1908 the old volunteer force became

the Territorial Force and the SHRV became the 5th (Sutherland and

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Caithness Highland) Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders, TF.

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Caithness Highland) Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders, TF.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>They were mobilised on 4 Aug 14 and together with the 4th (<st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Ross</st1:PlaceName>

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They were mobilised on 4 Aug 14 and together with the 4th (<st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Ross</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceName>Highland</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>) and 6th

(Moray) Battalions, Seaforth Highlanders and the 4th <st1:place>Queens</st1:place>

Own Cameron Highlanders, from Inverness-shire, they formed the Seaforth and Cameron

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Brigade of the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place> Division.

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Brigade of the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place> Division.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>After a couple of weeks spent improving coastal defences at Cromarty

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After a couple of weeks spent improving coastal defences at Cromarty

(which protected the naval base at Invergordon) the brigade moved with the rest

of the division to <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City>,

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where they were billeted in private houses.

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where they were billeted in private houses.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>The commitment made by TF soldiers pre-war was to serve for home defence

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The commitment made by TF soldiers pre-war was to serve for home defence

only. On the outbreak of war most men made the additional commitment to serve

overseas although some, for various reasons (age, business or family

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commitments, etc.), chose not to.

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commitments, etc.), chose not to.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>In Sep 15 a second battalion of the 5th Seaforths was formed,

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In Sep 15 a second battalion of the 5th Seaforths was formed,

as it was in all TF regiments. The 'first line' battalion - 1/5 Seaforth - at

Bedford contained men willing to serve overseas; the 'second line' or reserve

battalion - 2/5 Seaforth - at Golspie consisted of men who had not signed the

overseas commitment, were not fit for overseas service and recruits surplus to

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the requirements of the first line battalion.

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the requirements of the first line battalion.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>It had always been expected that the TF would require 6 months training

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It had always been expected that the TF would require 6 months training

before being fit for overseas operations. In fact, 1/4 Seaforth went overseas

in Nov 14 and 1/4 Camerons in Feb 15, being replaced in the brigade by 1/6 and

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1/8 Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders.

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1/8 Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>TF infantry battalions were, at the outbreak of war, still organised in

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TF infantry battalions were, at the outbreak of war, still organised in

eight companies - an organisation little changed from Napoleonic times. Regular

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battalions had adopted a four company organisation in 1913.

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battalions had adopted a four company organisation in 1913.<o:p></o:p>

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<~~br><br~~>Judging by his regimental number (3471) John Bruce Cairnie enlisted in

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Judging by his regimental number (3471) John Bruce Cairnie enlisted in

Sep 14. The popular image of men flocking to the colours on 4 Aug 14 isn't

really accurate - the peak of recruiting was actually a few weeks after the

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pre-war Thurso company) as a Lance Sergeant - this was appointment not a rank. His

actual rank was Corporal; a Lance appointment was usually a prelude to further

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promotion.

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promotion.<o:p></o:p>

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<center>JANUARY

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JANUARY

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1915

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1915<o:p></o:p>

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<center>19 Jan 15

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19 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Company

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Company

drill from <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time> to <st1:time

Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time> It would get rather feding up if we had

much of it. An hour of 'cross-tig' relieved the monotony. In the afternoon,

bayonet fighting for NCOs, and then a lecture by Sergt-Major. Very busy all

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evening and got up to orderly room by <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="30">11:30</st1:time>.

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evening and got up to orderly room by <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="30">11:30</st1:time>.

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<center>20 Jan 15

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20 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Wakened

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Wakened

by reveille. Mac lazy as he hadn't been in bed till 2:30 a.m. Route march to

Turvey, somehow I felt less fit than usual. The company marched well going out,

but coming in when No. 1 section were leading there was no step in it. 20 men

on the sick-list this morning, mostly with chest-colds. No cases of measles in

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our Company today, but one death in 'G'.

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our Company today, but one death in 'G'.

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The

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The

Colonel and Maj Sinclair left for a fortnight at home tonight. Still there is

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no word of leave for us.

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no word of leave for us.

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<center>21 Jan 15

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21 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Slept

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Slept

in this morning and had a bit of a rush. Black was orderly officer and I think

did ditto as I saw him passing down at 8:30 in very squalid and untidy

condition. Company drill under Joe Robertson with Ritson in the background and

a military funeral in the neat ['over the wall' inserted above last phrase].

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Quite cheerful sounds on the pipes.

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Quite cheerful sounds on the pipes.

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It rained all afternoon so

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It rained all afternoon so

the NCOs got a lecture from Ritson and Black consisting of reading aloud

extracts from 'Notes from the Front'. Ritson seems to have a good grasp of

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theory at any rate but too excitable.

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theory at any rate but too excitable.

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Margaret

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Margaret

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and her mother at tea.

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and her mother at tea.

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Mac

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Mac

got his Corporal strips tonight, dating back to 12th December so he draws a big

pay. He's chucking things about in the kitchen now. I am writing this in the

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lavvy as Jimmie was in our house in one of his frequent states of fed-up-ness.

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lavvy as Jimmie was in our house in one of his frequent states of fed-up-ness.

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One

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One

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death in 'A' today, and I believe 2 in 'H' yesterday.

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death in 'A' today, and I believe 2 in 'H' yesterday.

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<center>22 Jan 15

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22 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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There

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There

was nearly a mutiny this morning when the men were told to parade with their

equipment which still wringing wet on. The Adjie wouldn't give in but when half

the battalion paraded without it he had to send them back for an hour to get

great coats. Route-march round by Rinhold and Cleat Hill raining most of the

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way. I enjoyed it very much.

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way. I enjoyed it very much.

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Afternoon

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Afternoon

pay and rations. Lecture from Sergt-Major. He thought this about wet equipment

- 'a damn good joke'. He insisted on punctuality on parade, which is certainly

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necessary. Our men aren't smart enough yet at turning out.

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necessary. Our men aren't smart enough yet at turning out.

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Mac

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Mac

sleeping up in Orderly Room tonight as he got a little slap last night because

Gwyneth had a bad throat - mostly sham I'm thinking. She was alright today and

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Pitman was in her room till after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="30">10:30 p.m.</st1:time>

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Pitman was in her room till after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="30">10:30 p.m.</st1:time>

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<o:p></o:p>

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<center>24 Jan 15

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24 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Went

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Went

to <st1:City><st1:place>St Paul</st1:place></st1:City>'s Church and <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>English</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceType>Church</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> boys. Delighted to get my

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Reid and met Davidson McKenzie and Miss Strang. The former isn't such a great

bug as I used to think him, nor as he thinks himself. No side about the Rev

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Hubert.

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Hubert.

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<center>25 Jan 15

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25 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Tonight

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Tonight

I was on Town-picket - the <st1:Street><st1:address>High St</st1:address></st1:Street>,

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with 4 men of 'B' and had a very good time.

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with 4 men of 'B' and had a very good time.

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<center>26 Jan 15

+

26 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Platoon

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Platoon

drill and bayonet fighting this morning with pack and ammunition. Two of 'C'

Company with about 20 others left this afternoon with ammunition and blankets

for unknown destination. Everybody much excited and much speculation as to

where they are going to and what it may mean for the battalion. Rumours of <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Edinburgh</st1:PlaceName>

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<st1:PlaceType>Castle</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> or <st1:place>Inverness</st1:place>.

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<st1:PlaceType>Castle</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> or <st1:place>Inverness</st1:place>.

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After

+

After

afternoon parade I found myself and 2 of 'C' detailed to go on similar duty.

Russell was picked and Jim Matheson. We paraded in 15 minutes, expecting great

Line 481:

crossroads with orders to stop all cars and take number, etc. This result of

last Zeppelin raid as the airships are thought to have been guided by cars with

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powerful headlights.

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powerful headlights.

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We

+

We

barricaded the road with carts and took turns - 2hours on and 4 hours off. Not

very exciting and very cold, but more exciting than platoon drill. My first

experience at sleeping out and none too pleasant, but I think it wouldn't kill

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me.

+

me.

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<center>27 Jan 15

+

27 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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The

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The

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Kaiser's Birthday - bless 'im!

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Kaiser's Birthday - bless 'im!

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Got

+

Got

into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> at <st1:time Minute="0"

Hour="9">9 a.m.</st1:time> after rather a smart walk. Slept from 10 to 12 and

Line 500:

didn't tell him where we were, but he had a pretty good ideal all the same. Our

officers say they heard an airship of some sort over <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City>

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last night but nobody seems to have seen it.

+

last night but nobody seems to have seen it.

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We

+

We

got out to Cardington at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time> and

took up our quarters this time at the Pub - The Anchor Inn. It is a very cold

night and like snow, but Pitman got tea for us here and if it wasn't for the

skittles we might have a very good time. Tonight we got order to turn back

−

every motor car or m. bike, so things are soon interesting.

+

every motor car or m. bike, so things are soon interesting.

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<center>28 Jan 15

+

28 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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We

+

We

took up our positions again at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>.

I had from 6 to 8 and 12 to 2. A fine night, coldish but dry. The time passed

Line 517:

nerves with his songs or rather his song. He has improved though with the

change of work and under strenuous conditions might be a keen man. Pitman had

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to sleep by the roadside as he was the only one who knew the password.

+

to sleep by the roadside as he was the only one who knew the password.

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No cars were to be turned

+

No cars were to be turned

back, except officers who hadn't the password. Very little doing - they seem to

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be avoiding the place.

+

be avoiding the place.

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<center>29 Jan 15

+

29 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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Got

+

Got

in to <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> at <st1:time Hour="8"

Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> and as we got word that our special duty is now at

an end we had a free day. I was down town in the morning and again on special

pass at night. Went to 'Grumpy' which was very good. The best thing I have seen

−

here so far.

+

here so far.

−

<center>30 Jan 15

+

30 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

−

I

+

I

was helping <st1:place>W. Ritson</st1:place> today with the billets as his

clerk is on leave. I shouldn't care for his job, or his clerk's either. R. can

be very disagreeable when he wants. In the afternoon I played soccer for 'E' v

'G'. We beat them 8-1. It wasn't a great match but I was delighted to be

−

playing football once again. I think I must be as fit now as ever I was.

+

playing football once again. I think I must be as fit now as ever I was.

−

Today

+

Today

the new double company system was inaugurated and henceforth we form, along

with 'F', the new 'C'. We are all sorry to bid goodbye to the old state of

affairs, which seemed to work very well, and in which we were all very happy.

We aren't keen on 'F' as they are a pretty rough and coarse crowd, but no doubt

−

will improve on acquaintance.

+

will improve on acquaintance.

−

<center>31 Jan 15

+

31 Jan 15<o:p></o:p>

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I

+

I

had made up my mind to get a lot of letters written today, but only managed

three. Church Parade in the morning and we got a good sermon from the Cameron

chaplain. He always makes an impression and rivets the attention of the men:

reminds me in voice and manner of Daniel S Calderwood. In the evening I went to

−

Corn Exchange Concert but was asleep most of the time.

+

Corn Exchange Concert but was asleep most of the time.

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<center>FEBRUARY

+

FEBRUARY

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1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Feb 15

+

01 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Paraded

+

Paraded

under company arrangements - company drill and physical exercises in the

forenoon and musketry in afternoon. I find I have forgotten most of the

musketry and expect that most of the NCOs are in the same box. I put Davidson

−

onto my squad - he was a musketry instructor.

+

onto my squad - he was a musketry instructor.

−

Ian and I went and had out

+

Ian and I went and had out

photographs taken again and I hope they will be more successful than the last.

We went to 'Brewster's Millions' with Mrs. Platts. Mac is living up to, if not

beyond his pay - a very bad habit. His late hours must tell him sooner or later

−

and if he doesn't chuck them soon I will speak to Mrs. Platts.

+

and if he doesn't chuck them soon I will speak to Mrs. Platts.

−

<center>02 Feb 15

+

02 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Parade

+

Parade

at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="19">7:45</st1:time>. Marched round by Wilden

Shrubbery and Sevick End with ammunition 120 rounds. Pace very hot and

Line 582:

past Sir Ian Hamilton at Goldington Green. We marched past very well and I hope

made a good impression. Kept a perfect step from Goldington to <st1:Street><st1:address>Clarendon

−

St</st1:address></st1:Street>.

+

St</st1:address></st1:Street>.

−

Soccer match between 'C'

+

Soccer match between 'C'

and 'D' ended 3 all although we had the best of the game. Got a little writing

−

done tonight but still have heaps to do.

+

done tonight but still have heaps to do.

−

<center>03 Feb 15

+

03 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Parade

+

Parade

at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>, for a concentration route

march to Sevick Farm. Our company went by Goldington and Water-end. The

Line 596:

some extended order work. No. 1 platoon was in reserve, under George Forbes and

got wiped out by being too far up and coming under fire in artillery formation.

−

I don't think that my section, of 8 men, would have suffered so severely.

+

I don't think that my section, of 8 men, would have suffered so severely.

−

In the evening we were at

+

In the evening we were at

Dr. Bell's for dinner and progressive whist. A lovely house and very hospitable

people; especially as they had never seen a lot of us before. There were 20 of

us, mostly Englishmen. Bailey and Mac sang. One of the 4th home from the front

−

was there. He's not keen on going back.

+

was there. He's not keen on going back.

−

<center>04 Feb 15

+

04 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Today

+

Today

I was helping Ritson to pay the billets. This is rather monotonous work, only

Ritson's arithmetic is occasionally diverting. What neat, clean house most of

the people keep - 'We're poor but we like to be tidy and comfortable". R.

was in better tune today. Mac, Addie and Jim digging drains all day at <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Harrowden</st1:PlaceName>

−

<st1:PlaceType>Range</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, came back dead tired.

+

<st1:PlaceType>Range</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, came back dead tired.

−

Jim is trying for a

+

Jim is trying for a

−

commission in one of the Reserve Battalions or more preferably the 5th.

+

commission in one of the Reserve Battalions or more preferably the 5th.

−

I hear Willie Torrance is

+

I hear Willie Torrance is

−

not expected to get better - pneumonia. Am very sorry for his mother.

+

not expected to get better - pneumonia. Am very sorry for his mother.

−

Got a 'permanent' pass till

+

Got a 'permanent' pass till

Tuesday from Ritson and went down town. Had an unsatisfactory evening and will

not waste another in the same way. Mac is for his first quarter guard tomorrow

−

and I have been coaching him. Had a very cheery letter today from Louise.

+

and I have been coaching him. Had a very cheery letter today from Louise.

−

<center>05 Feb 15

+

05 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

With

+

With

Ritson again paying the billets. He bangs into the houses in the most

unceremonious fashion, but all over today he wasn't unsympathetic. It's when he

is crossed in the least little detail that he loses his rag: and he can't abide

−

to be chaffed.

+

to be chaffed.

−

Jim Miller who was more

+

Jim Miller who was more

than half tight and was in seeing Nanna, has somewhat raised my hopes of a

commission, but I don't know I want one. I wonder whether Ritson has not an

inkling of it and is not trying to get the billeting job shifted onto my

shoulders. I wouldn't have it at any price. I hear there are 8 vacancies - Jim

−

says the Colonel has been speaking to him on the QT.

+

says the Colonel has been speaking to him on the QT.

−

<center>06 Feb 15

+

06 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

More

+

More

billet-paying today. I thought that I was going to have the afternoon off but

Ritson was anxious to get on with the work, so we on till <st1:time Hour="16"

−

Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>

+

Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>

−

Then I went down town, had

+

Then I went down town, had

tea and went to the Chums and to the Palace, enjoyed myself in a quiet way. The

Chums are getting on my nerves: they aren't a bit clever - except for Harold

−

Johnson himself. I can't make out whether he is acting a part of not.

+

Johnson himself. I can't make out whether he is acting a part of not.

−

<center>07 Feb 15

+

07 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Church

+

Church

parade at <st1:time Hour="19" Minute="35">7:35</st1:time> and didn't move off

till <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="20">8:20</st1:time> - absurd. Sermon quite good

−

from the thin man.

+

from the thin man.

−

Helped Ritson an hour or

+

Helped Ritson an hour or

−

two with his books and wasted the afternoon reading a novel.

+

two with his books and wasted the afternoon reading a novel.

−

Wrote

+

Wrote

home after tea, but didn't give them any idea that leave is starting as we may

be disappointed. Escorted Margaret home on my way to the Corn Exchange Concert.

−

I rather like her, but don't know her well enough.

+

I rather like her, but don't know her well enough.

−

Mac and Gwyneth are

+

Mac and Gwyneth are

downstairs now singing - howling rag tunes and making hideous the Sabbath

−

evening.

+

evening.

−

<center>08 Feb 15

+

08 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Billeting

+

Billeting

again and got a good deal done in the afternoon. At three Ritson had an

−

appointment and that spoiled us.

+

appointment and that spoiled us.

−

Went down town and examined

+

Went down town and examined

Hockliffe's secondhand bookshop: picked up one or two geological book of an

ancient order. Also A.W. Russell's "World of Life". Had tea and went

Line 683:

correspondingly good form. Met Scott tonight in <st1:Street><st1:address>High

St.</st1:address></st1:Street> - of Edin. <st1:place>Battery</st1:place>.

−

He's a L/Cpl in the 4th Gordons.

+

He's a L/Cpl in the 4th Gordons.

−

<center>09 Feb 15

+

09 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center>10 Feb 15

+

10 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Mac

+

Mac

left today for seven days leave. Harcus went too. They were very cheery. Ritson

and I went down to the station and afterwards to the Empire he standing me in.

−

Not bad but rather vulgar.

+

Not bad but rather vulgar.

−

Weighed myself at the

+

Weighed myself at the

station: found I have put on nearly a stone since coming down but that is with

−

the kilt instead of trousers. Am now 10st 3 lbs in uniform.

+

the kilt instead of trousers. Am now 10st 3 lbs in uniform.

−

<center>11 Feb 15

+

11 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Billets

+

Billets

all day: am beginning to like the work, and also to be very lazy in the

−

mornings.

+

mornings.

−

Along to Mrs. Campion's at

+

Along to Mrs. Campion's at

night and played bridge with the girls. They are quite good and I like them. I

−

can't stand complicated girls.

+

can't stand complicated girls.

−

<center>12 Feb 15

+

12 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Paid

+

Paid

the last of the billets today and another rummage with Ritson in Hockliffe's

old books, but didn't get anything. Worked in R's billet in the afternoon,

−

arranging the forms. Had a yarn with Mrs. Mortimer.

+

arranging the forms. Had a yarn with Mrs. Mortimer.

−

Nothing doing at night it

+

Nothing doing at night it

−

has been very cold all day, and I haven't got decently warmed up once.

+

has been very cold all day, and I haven't got decently warmed up once.

−

<center>13 Feb 15

+

13 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

A

+

A

wet rotten day with sleet. Slimed [?] in the Orderly Room most of the morning.

In the afternoon played Ellis at Chess and he wiped me: we are about evenly

−

matched - he's probably a little better than me.

+

matched - he's probably a little better than me.

−

After tea, went to The

+

After tea, went to The

−

Chums with Ritson - he paying. Programme not bad.

+

Chums with Ritson - he paying. Programme not bad.

−

The Colonel interviewed a

+

The Colonel interviewed a

lot of fellows today, with a view to commissions - in this battalion. He didn't

take me, which is either a very hopeful sign - or a hopeless one. I think

−

Ritson is trying to wangle me in for his present job, but he won't manage it.

+

Ritson is trying to wangle me in for his present job, but he won't manage it.

−

<center>14 Feb 15

+

14 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Muggy

+

Muggy

and wet. Church parade at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>. Got a

very good sermon from the Cameron chaplain. Got a word from Willie for wearing

−

my khaki hosetops on dress parade. Felt ratty at him.

+

my khaki hosetops on dress parade. Felt ratty at him.

−

Wrote home; and spent

+

Wrote home; and spent

afternoon in Ritson's doing company drill with matches. He has the double

company this week as Joe R is on furlough; and he's nervous about it. Went down

to Church in the evening but so late. Went to Corn Exchange Concert - quite

−

good. A fine soprano, and Blake of the Camerons.

+

good. A fine soprano, and Blake of the Camerons.

−

<center>15 Feb 15

+

15 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Cold

+

Cold

and bright. Battalion moved off at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>

and marched out about five miles towards Turvey. From there advanced

Line 758:

element, his language too grandiloquent. Some of the fields very soft and

claggy. Marched about six miles home and arrived at <st1:time Hour="16"

−

Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>.

+

Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>.

−

In orders tonight, extract

+

In orders tonight, extract

from King's Regulations which seems to say we must not shave upper lip -

−

whiskers moderate if any.

+

whiskers moderate if any.

−

Jim had a row with Gwyneth

+

Jim had a row with Gwyneth

−

and then with Nanna. How absurd we can all be.

+

and then with Nanna. How absurd we can all be.

−

<center>16 Feb 15

+

16 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another

+

Another

magnificent day - the sun is getting quite warm. 'C' marched out to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Bromham</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceType>Bridge</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and then took up an outpost

Line 778:

than he does. No one fell out but Addie had blistered feet and no doubt there

are others. Got in at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="15">3:30</st1:time>. Most

−

enjoyable and healthy day.

+

enjoyable and healthy day.

−

Down town in the evening

+

Down town in the evening

for a few necessaries and spent the rest of the time getting my kit packed. I

don't feel the least bit excited about going home. Jim cooked some haggis and

−

it's lying heavy on my stomach now.

+

it's lying heavy on my stomach now.

−

<center>17 Feb 15

+

17 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

It

+

It

turned out wet today - so wet that the battalion didn't go out. I was glad as I

had all my things clean and ready for the journey. We left about <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="0">8 o'clock</st1:time> at night, marching down to the station

−

in great form and best of spirits.

+

in great form and best of spirits.

−

<center>18 - 24 Feb 15

+

18 - 24 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center>25 Feb 15

+

25 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Got

+

Got

into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> about <st1:time

Minute="0" Hour="9">9 a.m.</st1:time> Coming up <st1:Street><st1:address>Clarendon

Line 806:

to be much older looking: instead of that he is just the same as when he went

out. I thought that we would be getting off parade but the Adjie sent for us

−

and we had to follow up the Company. Drill in close order all morning.

+

and we had to follow up the Company. Drill in close order all morning.

−

Afternoon off.

+

Afternoon off.

−

At <st1:time Minute="30"

+

At <st1:time Minute="30"

Hour="16">4:30</st1:time> parade for outpost duty. We marched out to Stagsden;

a lovely night , bright moonlight and George and I had plenty to speak about

Line 816:

then withdrawn as the supports. The Colonel came along and said support should

entrench - which I doubt. Pretty cold waiting about, but a stiff march in

−

warmed us up plenty: me nearly asleep on the march, and glad to get to bed.

+

warmed us up plenty: me nearly asleep on the march, and glad to get to bed.

−

<center>26 Feb 15

+

26 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Marched

+

Marched

out past the Swan Inn, and fought out to Stagsden. A perfect day. George is

very keen. Most of the way was through woods with thorny undergrowth. Our

section finished up with what appeared to me a very knutty piece of strategy,

−

but the Adjie galloped up and put half of us out of action.

+

but the Adjie galloped up and put half of us out of action.

−

Drew 42/7 today for the

+

Drew 42/7 today for the

last 2 weeks. Am feeling rather depressed today - no doubt a reaction after

furlough and even George's presence can't shake it off altogether. Regular fed

−

up with the family.

+

up with the family.

−

<center>27 Feb 15

+

27 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Laurie

+

Laurie

and I got a swearing from the Adjie today because he saw some of the men

scratching their faces when they were at attention. He's getting very snotty

−

about details, so I suppose we'll have to stiffen up too.

+

about details, so I suppose we'll have to stiffen up too.

−

Company out in the field

+

Company out in the field

above the Cemetery, practicing bayonet charging against sacks of straw. The

sacks were set up as an extended line: good fun but not far good as instruction

went: not enough ground. George was at musketry instruction in Mod. School

−

Park, and was pretty fed up with standing about.

+

Park, and was pretty fed up with standing about.

−

In the afternoon we went to

+

In the afternoon we went to

Rugby Match, and at night George and Ian and I were down town on pass. We had

tea in Dudeney & Johnson's; went to the Chums and enjoyed ourselves very

−

much. The 'ass' is very like George. Went to the second house of the Empire.

+

much. The 'ass' is very like George. Went to the second house of the Empire.

−

<center>28 Feb 15

+

28 Feb 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Dreamt

+

Dreamt

last night the Adjie told me he wouldn't recommend me for a commission. I gave

−

him a bit of my mind.

+

him a bit of my mind.

−

Church parade today at <st1:time

+

Church parade today at <st1:time

Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>, to the Baptist Chapel. Quite a good

−

sermon on sacrifice: church done up inside like an ice-cream shop.

+

sermon on sacrifice: church done up inside like an ice-cream shop.

−

After dinner Geo, Ian,

+

After dinner Geo, Ian,

Addie and I walked out to the Swan, ordered tea and went on round by Stagsden.

−

A perfect day, as clear as any we have had here for a long time.

+

A perfect day, as clear as any we have had here for a long time.

−

<~~br><br~~>Coming back from Stagsden we were hailed by the tract-delivering parson, so

+

Coming back from Stagsden we were hailed by the tract-delivering parson, so

we took to our heels. He wanted us up to tea - judging from his gesticulations,

so went back and explained and received a few tracts. George wild we couldn't

−

accept his invitation, as the daughter seemed 'a peach'.

+

accept his invitation, as the daughter seemed 'a peach'.

−

Tea at the Swan: the

+

Tea at the Swan: the

landlord rather unpleasant about tossing. Walked home: Geo. sent Addie

−

sprawling.

+

sprawling.

−

<center>MARCH

+

MARCH

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Mar 15

+

01 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Started running drill at <st1:time

+

Started running drill at <st1:time

Minute="15" Hour="19">7:15</st1:time> this morning, the Sergeant-Major leading.

Going on parade at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="45">8:45</st1:time>, Capt Ritson

Line 884:

commission, and he said M'Intosh in the orderly room would likely be put onto

it. So that's all right, and I have my pass. Didn't get a lot of billets done

−

as there were a lot of mistakes owing to furlough, etc.

+

as there were a lot of mistakes owing to furlough, etc.

−

<~~br><br~~>Went down town at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="30">6:30</st1:time> as arranged

+

Went down town at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="30">6:30</st1:time> as arranged

and saw The Girl from <st1:State><st1:place>Utah</st1:place></st1:State>. It

was about the best thing I have seen here - certainly the best musical comedy.

The actresses were pretty, and almost proper. I like Kitty very much: nice and

−

quiet.

+

quiet.

−

<center>02 Mar 15

+

02 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Running drill at 7:15.

+

Running drill at 7:15.

Paying billets with Ritson and Sandy Ross. The latter's services were

requisitioned in order that the Captain might be saved the labour of writing

−

out the amended forms.

+

out the amended forms.

−

<center>03 Mar 15

+

03 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

This was to be a divisional

+

This was to be a divisional

day but turned out wet so we turned in. Had a reading in the office, and a

−

short route march in the afternoon round by Oakley and Bromhaw.

+

short route march in the afternoon round by Oakley and Bromhaw.

−

At night we were hauled out

+

At night we were hauled out

to a concert nobody wanted to go to. It turned out to be a dancing display by

some school kids very good in its way but not the sort of meat and drink the Army

wants. One little girl of 9 was a splendid turn - comic songs, etc. and should

−

make her name.

+

make her name.

−

<center>04 Mar 15

+

04 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Running drill at <st1:time

+

Running drill at <st1:time

Hour="19" Minute="15">7:15</st1:time> paraded in full marching order at <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="15">8:15</st1:time>. We marched out to Stagsden and from there

Line 919:

6th Seaforth were on our immediate right and we got rather boxed up against the

road which was the left flank boundary. Marched in from Stevington, 'C' company

−

next the band. Willie was paying great attention to covering today.

+

next the band. Willie was paying great attention to covering today.

−

Went down town tonight to

+

Went down town tonight to

the Picture-drome. Came back early. Gwyneth has had toothache for the last two

−

or three days and Mac and George have had to take turns at holding her hand.

+

or three days and Mac and George have had to take turns at holding her hand.

−

<center>05 Mar 15

+

05 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Running drill at 7:15.

+

Running drill at 7:15.

Battalion parade at <st1:time Minute="15" Hour="9">9:15</st1:time> for

trenching. We had only to go up above the Cemetery and had a pretty slack day.

Our squad practised entrenching with the small tools - the first time we have

used them. The Brigadier was knocking about. We had 35 minutes to cook and eat

−

our dinner and were back to work again till after four.

+

our dinner and were back to work again till after four.

−

After tea I wrote home.

+

After tea I wrote home.

George and Ian are both 'out' as regards the house and doubt if they will ever

−

smell it again.

+

smell it again.

−

<center>06 Mar 15

+

06 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

We had a so-called medical

+

We had a so-called medical

inspection at nine. It consisted of our new M.O. walking briskly along the

ranks and studying the men's' boots. At 10 we marched up to Clapham park to get

Line 947:

hedge and sat down. He is probably the most unpopular officer in the battalion

now: he used to be the most popular. 'F' Company vow to school him when we get

−

into action.

+

into action.

−

Jim Miller, Blake and I had

+

Jim Miller, Blake and I had

to parade to the Brigade Office at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="0">3 p.m.</st1:time>

and interviewed the Brigadier. The Brigadier was quite affable and signed our

−

papers.

+

papers.

−

<st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>

+

<st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>

played the Highland Division at Rugger this afternoon and got beaten. <st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>

had a very poor team they didn't seem to have played much together, and looked

−

rather a rag-a-muffin bunch.

+

rather a rag-a-muffin bunch.

−

George and Ian on pass

+

George and Ian on pass

−

tonight.

+

tonight.

−

<center>07 Mar 15

+

07 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Church parade at <st1:time

+

Church parade at <st1:time

Minute="20" Hour="8">8:20</st1:time>. Good sermon from the new chaplain. The

Camerons have already had some casualties. Took Orderly Sergt's work over for

the day as Laurie was B.O.S. so that I didn't get out of the billeting area.

−

Wrote Rob Alexander.

+

Wrote Rob Alexander.

−

Black and Howie were in to

+

Black and Howie were in to

−

supper.

+

supper.

−

<center>08 Mar 15

+

08 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Running drill at 7:15. Very

+

Running drill at 7:15. Very

cold, and snowing slightly. George not on duty yet as he was inoculated on

Saturday. Company drill was cancelled and battalion went out for a route march

Line 982:

small snow. The buds are on the hedges. The Company marched well today, and

with a little care on the part of some NCOs - especially Laurie and M'Adie we

−

would have a good marching coy.

+

would have a good marching coy.

−

Dinner at <st1:time

+

Dinner at <st1:time

Hour="15" Minute="0">3 p.m.</st1:time>: afternoon tea in the park and then

again in 21. 'M' arrived this morning to Ian's discomfiture who was in

Gwyneth’s bedroom at the time. He has come from <st1:country-region><st1:place>China</st1:place></st1:country-region>

−

to join. It will be interesting to watch developments.

+

to join. It will be interesting to watch developments.

−

<center>09 Mar 15

+

09 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Marched out to near

+

Marched out to near

Stagsden and did the same scheme as on Thursday's last. This time we were the

supports and had a most pleasant cross-country ramble - more like a botanical

−

excursion than a sham fight.

+

excursion than a sham fight.

−

<center>10 Mar 15

+

10 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Had the parade S_a_ [?]

+

Had the parade S_a_ [?]

etc. in good time, having been up at 6. Marched out towards Colmworth and

division attacked Gordons in direction of in the direction of Milton Ernest.

When we just beginning - I was with the supports, the Adjie came and ordered me

−

to take the pack-ponies to the ammunition column.

+

to take the pack-ponies to the ammunition column.

−

I managed to catch them up

+

I managed to catch them up

after about an hours march. Then we stood for several hours on the road, very

cold. Moved forward and came abreast two batteries in action. No sign of our

battalion and I believe the commander of the column had quite lost touch with

most of the infantry including ours The 6th lost touch with the 5th and seem to

−

have lost themselves into the bargain.

+

have lost themselves into the bargain.

−

Had a good march home, fine

+

Had a good march home, fine

−

exhilarating weather. Got in after 4, one of the longest days we've had.

+

exhilarating weather. Got in after 4, one of the longest days we've had.

−

<center>11 Mar 15

+

11 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

With J. Ritson today,

+

With J. Ritson today,

working all morning in the Orderly Room. Wonder if I'll take as badly to

laboratory work as I do to office work. In the afternoon we paid some outlying

−

billets, in a very lackadaisical state. JJR infects me that way.

+

billets, in a very lackadaisical state. JJR infects me that way.

−

Had tea in the pavilion

+

Had tea in the pavilion

with George and Ian, and Dolly sat and gassed till we were fair fed up. Nanna

−

is jealous. Went down town to the Picture-drome.

+

is jealous. Went down town to the Picture-drome.

−

Hear Major M'Millan told

+

Hear Major M'Millan told

Willie of in the mess last night. Willie gets more unpopular every day.

−

M'Millan told him to look out when he got to <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

+

M'Millan told him to look out when he got to <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

−

<center>12 Mar 15

+

12 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Quite a good day, and did

+

Quite a good day, and did

practically no work. I was in the Orderly Room till about 10, then went down

town and spent the rest of the forenoon looking round the 2nd hand bookshop.

−

Didn't see anything good.

+

Didn't see anything good.

−

After dinner went with

+

After dinner went with

Ritson and Ian to the Bank and was free at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="0">3

−

p.m.</st1:time> Had tea in the pavilion.

+

p.m.</st1:time> Had tea in the pavilion.

−

After tea at 21 I wrote

+

After tea at 21 I wrote

home and found my diary a great help. Black was in practising songs tonight and

has settled on 'My Old Shako'. He hasn't got a voice or a temperament for it

−

and woes me playing for him and Gwyneth, I hear they are going to rag Willie.

+

and woes me playing for him and Gwyneth, I hear they are going to rag Willie.

−

<center>13 Mar 15

+

13 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

With Ritson in <st1:Street><st1:address>Foster

+

With Ritson in <st1:Street><st1:address>Foster

Hill Rd</st1:address></st1:Street> estimating the damage done by the men in

some of the empty houses. A good deal of damage, much of it apparently wilful,

but I believe nothing to what has been the case in some of the Morayshire

billets. Banisters, wainscoting, etc burnt up and marble mantelpieces in

−

smithereens, but I didn't see any as bad as that.

+

smithereens, but I didn't see any as bad as that.

−

Concert at night a great

+

Concert at night a great

success. Black didn't turn up for which I was sincerely thankful. Gwyneth

surprised me, singing so well. Cowper of the Groat was down for the occasion

and was quite successful in one or two of his songs, though they were of the

usual antediluvian order. Willie and Ritson both sang, but very nervous. Willie

−

got a good reception. The Sergt-Major danced the Highland Fling.

+

got a good reception. The Sergt-Major danced the Highland Fling.

−

<center>14 Mar 15

+

14 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Church parade at <st1:time

+

Church parade at <st1:time

Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>. A new chaplain this morning and he had a

husky throat. Not nearly so much coughing in Church now. Tea in the pavilion

−

relieved the monotony of the day.

+

relieved the monotony of the day.

−

Went to <st1:City><st1:place>St.

+

Went to <st1:City><st1:place>St.

Paul</st1:place></st1:City>'s with George at night and were shown into a

−

front seat, where our ignorance of the service must have been most apparent.

+

front seat, where our ignorance of the service must have been most apparent.

−

<center>15 Mar 15

+

15 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Went out to Harrowden for

+

Went out to Harrowden for

field practices. Fifteen rounds per man at ranges from 600 to 300. Disappearing

targets up for 35 secs and down for the same. Not very realistic but better

than ordinary butt-shooting. Very easy to forget adjustment of sights. Our

−

detail - with Donnie Dunnet, Poll, Laurie, etc had a long way the best score.

+

detail - with Donnie Dunnet, Poll, Laurie, etc had a long way the best score.

−

Was down town but nothing

+

Was down town but nothing

−

doing.

+

doing.

−

<center>16 Mar 15

+

16 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Divisional practice today -

+

Divisional practice today -

that of Wednesday 10th revived, with the 6th we held a position E of Milton

Ernest. Whole 5th were out as a screen for the rest of Division.

Line 1,095:

almost taken. Not at all a brilliant affair, but very difficult to gauge what

the results would be in the real thing. Got home on <st1:time Minute="0"

−

Hour="16">four o'clock</st1:time>, pretty hungry.

+

Hour="16">four o'clock</st1:time>, pretty hungry.

−

Went down town at night.

+

Went down town at night.

Pitman was in tonight saying we are down to move in six weeks time as a

Division. I say# there have already gone over 2 or 3 Territorial Divisions.

−

Hope we are sent to the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>.

+

Hope we are sent to the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>.

−

<center>17 Mar 15

+

17 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Examined some of the empty

+

Examined some of the empty

houses today with Ritson. A good deal of damage done in some cases, but others

well looked after. Over at the Park for tea. The Battalion went out at 6 for

−

night marching, but I went down town, having slight neuralgia.

+

night marching, but I went down town, having slight neuralgia.

−

<center>COMMISSIONED

+

COMMISSIONED<o:p></o:p>

−

+

<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Commissioning in 1915 was a relatively informal affair. Candidates for

+

Commissioning in 1915 was a relatively informal affair. Candidates for

regular commissions continued to attend <st1:place>Sandhurst</st1:place>,

but in the case of the Territorial Force and the units of the 'New Armies'

raised since the outbreak of war, there was no centralised selection or

−

training of young officers.

+

training of young officers.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>JBC would have applied for a commission on the standard army form and

+

JBC would have applied for a commission on the standard army form and

been recommended by <st1:place><st1:City>Lt</st1:City> <st1:State>Col</st1:State></st1:place>

Davidson. He would have been required to produce a copy of his birth

Line 1,127:

with the <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>County</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceName>Territorial</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>

Association in <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place> - the group of

−

local worthies who oversaw the TF units from their area.

+

local worthies who oversaw the TF units from their area.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Once everything was approved, the only formal procedure was the

+

Once everything was approved, the only formal procedure was the

announcement of his commissioning in the <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City>

Gazette. At this point he would have been discharged from the 5th

−

Seaforth 'in consequence of being appointed to a commission'.

+

Seaforth 'in consequence of being appointed to a commission'.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>It was then up to his regiment to train him - and in early 1915 there was

+

It was then up to his regiment to train him - and in early 1915 there was

very little knowledge in the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place>

−

Division of the practicalities of soldiering in <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

+

Division of the practicalities of soldiering in <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>18 Mar 15

+

18 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Was just going on parade

+

Was just going on parade

this morning when Ian and Jim Miller came to tell me I had been gazetted.

Miller and Blake are too. I wasn't a bit glad in fact it almost brought tears

Line 1,147:

'civies' which I had taken care to keep by me. Queer it feels to be in them

again. Spent most of the day about the streets and transferring my things to

−

Mrs. Mortimer's where I am to be billeted.

+

Mrs. Mortimer's where I am to be billeted.

−

Went to lunch at the Mess

+

Went to lunch at the Mess

with Ritson, and met most of the officers. It is much more free and easy than I

had expected. Took a box of cigars up to the office and found Jim Miller

carting up 4 bottles of Johnnie Walker. He was well screwed, and would have me

go over to the Mess with him which I did until I found him going in the kitchen

−

door, then I made my escape. Am sleeping this last night with George.

+

door, then I made my escape. Am sleeping this last night with George.

−

<center>19 Mar 15

+

19 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast at the Mess and

+

Breakfast at the Mess and

glad to get decent Scotch porridge and cold milk in my mouth again. Got leave

to go to <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City> for seven days, so

am leaving tonight. Spent a wearisome day, unsettled, half in and half out of

−

21.

+

21.

−

Left by the <st1:time

+

Left by the <st1:time

Minute="13" Hour="9">9:13</st1:time> with Mowat of the Machine Gun. He is

engaged to Mary Stewart. Left him at <st1:place>Rugby</st1:place>. The 4th

Seaforth have been badly cut up, and 4th Camerons also#, so the officers' dance

−

which was to be tonight is cancelled.

+

which was to be tonight is cancelled.

−

<center>20 Mar 15

+

20 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>

+

Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>

7:30. Breakfasted at YMCA. Ordered uniform at <st1:City><st1:place>Moore</st1:place></st1:City>,

Taggert's and then started to hunt for Daisy. Found her (out) after an hour and

−

a half's searching.

+

a half's searching.

−

Met John Budge and had lunch

+

Met John Budge and had lunch

with him at Miss Cranston's. He's a quaint bird but looking more spruce than

−

I've seen him.

+

I've seen him.

−

Got Daisy and Tina in at <st1:time

+

Got Daisy and Tina in at <st1:time

Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30</st1:time> and we went to tea together and then they

saw me off from Queen's St. Arrived Crossgates and found Bessie here: also the

−

spring-cleaning.

+

spring-cleaning.

−

<center>21 Mar 15

+

21 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Walked to the Goat Brae

+

Walked to the Goat Brae

with uncle in the forenoon - a blustering day, and a good deal of slushy snow

on the roads. Uncle is a very good walking companion. Bob came along in the

−

afternoon and was surprised find Bessie and me here.

+

afternoon and was surprised find Bessie and me here.

−

<center>22 Mar 15

+

22 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Cycled down to Donibristle

+

Cycled down to Donibristle

Ho. this morning. A lovely soft day, but colder later on. The country side is

pretty just now and wreaths of snow behind the hedges give it extra colour.

Line 1,204:

heard of. Probably another case of false economy. D.W.M. seems well content

with his lot, and if he gets obedience from the men I should think it is more

−

by taking it for granted than by exacting it.

+

by taking it for granted than by exacting it.

−

Got up to Xgates at <st1:time

+

Got up to Xgates at <st1:time

Minute="30" Hour="17">5:30</st1:time>, against a stiff breeze and after reconnoitring

a few imaginary positions. Went along by car to Lochgelly, with the intention

of returning again, but didn't. Had two games of chess with Bob - successfully.

+

+

23 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~center~~>~~23 Mar 15~~

+

It has been a muggy day.

−

+

−

~~ ~~ It has been a muggy day.

+

Called at Cowdenbeath on my way down and introduced myself to Mr. Bain. Had a

long yarn with him during which he frequently went beyond my depth. Had a

−

longish walk with Uncle in the afternoon.

+

longish walk with Uncle in the afternoon.

−

<center>24 Mar 15

+

24 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Left for <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>

+

Left for <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>

at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="12">12:30</st1:time>. Auntie down seeing me off.

She has broadened considerably in her views lately. Met Dorothy Middleton as

Line 1,231:

and has a very leisurely existence. She took herself home about <st1:time

Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and I made for the YMCA where I got a room

−

for 2/6 consisting of 4 walls, a bed and a bible!

+

for 2/6 consisting of 4 walls, a bed and a bible!

−

<center>25 Mar 15

+

25 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Spent the morning looking

+

Spent the morning looking

for a waterproof, and didn't find one. I am a most undecided person when

hunting for anything like that, and usually start out with no clear idea of

Line 1,243:

<st1:PlaceType>Gardens</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and found Mary Fargie in.

She is small and fat, with a triple chin and a pretty bad <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>

−

accent.

+

accent.

−

Was at Daisy's at <st1:time

+

Was at Daisy's at <st1:time

Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30</st1:time> and we had tea at Miss Rombach's. I paid

a hurried visit to the tailors and then we proceeded to the King's Theatre

Line 1,252:

being in their company, and I couldn't help thinking it might be for the last

time. I should have liked to tell D. what she has meant to me but Tina was

−

there, which was probably just as well.

+

there, which was probably just as well.

−

<center>26 Mar 15

+

26 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Got into Euston at

+

Got into Euston at

breakfast time, which meal I got in a little dingy restaurant with marble

topped tables and no table cloths. A lot of others there too, quite decently

Line 1,265:

and fixed up with D.S. Kitchen to take over my collection if I don't require

them afterwards. Speaking of Salfeld and Pompekj: he thinks they would both be

−

officers in the German Army.

+

officers in the German Army.

−

Went out to <st1:City><st1:place>Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>

+

Went out to <st1:City><st1:place>Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>

and caught Vane just going out. We had tea. Both Vane and Con have the pip, and

have no fire or keenness left in them. Probably Vane isn't reading enough, and

−

yet he has plenty time. The house wasn't in such good order either.

+

yet he has plenty time. The house wasn't in such good order either.

−

Got a train from St.

+

Got a train from St.

Pancras about 8 and got into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City>

−

about 10. Was up till after 12 trying my uniform on.

+

about 10. Was up till after 12 trying my uniform on.

−

<center>27 Mar 15

+

27 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Jim Miller was attached to

+

Jim Miller was attached to

A, and I to B. "B" was on the miniature range this forenoon and

practising fire control with landscape targets, so I hadn't any occasion to

make a fool of myself although I felt one with my trews as wide as a divided

−

skirt.

+

skirt.

−

The afternoon I spent

+

The afternoon I spent

moping about the digs. I was over at 21 for a bit, but George and Ian have gone

−

to <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> for the weekend.

+

to <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> for the weekend.

−

<center>28 Mar 15

+

28 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Church parade at <st1:time

+

Church parade at <st1:time

Minute="20" Hour="9">9:20</st1:time>. I got a loan of Captain Ritson's sporran.

I had a very bad cough, which I expected would bother me in Church, but I

managed to suppress it. Mr. Bain, our Chaplain, can't keep the Germans and

their Kaiser out of his sermons. Mowat, Lybster, was next me and trumpeting

−

into my ear.

+

into my ear.

−

Wrote home in the forenoon

+

Wrote home in the forenoon

and after dinner at Platts I went with Ritson and Mortimer for 18 holes of

golf. It was an ideal day and we had a most enjoyable round. I won by one hole,

Line 1,303:

don't know whether I did right or wrong to play but I don't see any harm in it,

under the circumstances, and this is the only day Mr. Mortimer can get. I like

−

him, he's just like a kid out of school.

+

him, he's just like a kid out of school.

−

<center>29 Mar 15

+

29 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another brilliant day.

+

Another brilliant day.

Marched out about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> to Oakley and

then across country to Tithe Farm and Bury Farm. I had charge of 2 platoons in

Line 1,316:

the pipers have done. The only thing that spoilt the day was waiting on the

roadside for 35 minutes for the band to come along. Got in about <st1:time

−

Minute="30" Hour="14">2:30</st1:time>.

+

Minute="30" Hour="14">2:30</st1:time>.

−

Invested in a set of chess,

+

Invested in a set of chess,

but don't believe I'll have much time for it. I haven't been able to do any

−

reading for some time.

+

reading for some time.

−

<center>30 Mar 15

+

30 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Divisional practice today

+

Divisional practice today

and moved off at <st1:time Minute="35" Hour="8">8:35</st1:time>, so had early

breakfast. Marched out about 8 miles, with many checks and then lay on the side

Line 1,330:

last we advanced, being in reserve to the Argyles. I was with the supports (of

the reserves) so hadn't much to do: but it's a treat to work with "B"

−

Coy.

+

Coy.

−

The men are keen and

+

The men are keen and

tractable and I shall do everything I can to keep them so. The difficulty is to

draw the happy medium between Harper's laisey-faire [sic] and Willie's nagging

tactics. We marched home as we came out, with many irritating stops and didn't

get in until <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> so we were very

−

hungry. My face is smarting with the cold and the sun.

+

hungry. My face is smarting with the cold and the sun.

−

+

<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>31 Mar 15

+

31 Mar 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Very warm today - the most

+

Very warm today - the most

summery day we've had yet. Rifle and foot inspection at <st1:time Minute="15"

Hour="9">9:15</st1:time>. Musketry and handling of arms from 11 to 1 and again

from 2 to 4. During the latter period I took the company for a short time and

felt rather nervous. Somehow, they impress me more than 'C' did, partly because

−

the NCOs are older and more experienced men.

+

the NCOs are older and more experienced men.

−

Am getting to know W. A.

+

Am getting to know W. A.

M'Donald, as we are the only officers at present with 'B' and I like him, as

−

every other body does too.

+

every other body does too.

−

Had hoped to get some

+

Had hoped to get some

letter writing today - to Daisy as I had some cigarettes from her this morning,

−

but got none done. Had a game of chess with Ritson, in which he nearly beat me.

+

but got none done. Had a game of chess with Ritson, in which he nearly beat me.

−

<center>APRIL

+

APRIL

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Apr 15

+

01 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Was on duty in the butts at

+

Was on duty in the butts at

Harrowden today along with Corrigal. We left here at <st1:time Hour="8"

Minute="15">8:15</st1:time>. Fine dry morning. There is still about 8" of

Line 1,370:

Got home at <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time> and wrote to

Daisy. Pills with Blake at night, he is too good for me, but I am very bad. Was

−

over at 21 for a little.

+

over at 21 for a little.

−

Black had No.10 platoon on

+

Black had No.10 platoon on

Brigade inlying picket last night and they were nearly all tight. He wasn't

quite sober himself I'm told. That's the way to be carrying on just now. No

−

wonder we have a bad name.

+

wonder we have a bad name.

−

<center>02 Apr 15

+

02 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

A total holiday today.

+

A total holiday today.

Wrote and read in the forenoon. After dinner, Ritson, Mortimer, George and I

went out, per taxi, to Clapham golf course and had 18 holes. George was fair

Line 1,385:

all his old mannerisms. We all had tea in Mrs. Mortimer's, along with Ian and

Addie and some lady friends of the family. We had quite a jolly night. Mrs.

−

Mortimer thinks a lot of George.

+

Mortimer thinks a lot of George.

−

<center>03 Apr 15

+

03 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Wet today, so the Company

+

Wet today, so the Company

didn't parade at all. W.A. M'Donald and I inspected some of the billets, but in

a very perfunctory way. I was Supernumerary Orderly Officer, J.B. Morrison

Line 1,396:

a conscientious cove, although it may have been partly for my benefit. I read

most of the afternoon, and had to spend from <st1:time Hour="20" Minute="0">8

−

p.m.</st1:time> onward in the orderly room.

+

p.m.</st1:time> onward in the orderly room.

−

<center>04 Apr 15

+

04 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Church parade at <st1:time

+

Church parade at <st1:time

Minute="20" Hour="8">8:20</st1:time>. Mr. Bain again: he covered a large field

in his sermon, from Homer upwards. After dinner at 21, to which place I am half

thinking of not going back, we went to Biddenham - Capt. Ritson, Mr. Mortimer,

George and I and had 18 holes. Ritson and I lost by one hole, a very close

−

match and very enjoyable. George was in good form. A perfect evening.

+

match and very enjoyable. George was in good form. A perfect evening.

−

We all had tea and supper

+

We all had tea and supper

in 26. George waited till roll-call. I am very sorry for him, he seems so sick

of 21, where the gramophone is never quiet, unless it's to give the piano a

−

chance.

+

chance.

−

<center>05 Apr 15

+

05 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Divisional sports, and

+

Divisional sports, and

thank goodness a fair and mild, if not a brilliant day. The sports were in the

Grammar School grounds and attracted a huge crowd. The crowd, as far as

Line 1,422:

had second place, 21 points to 43 of the 8th Argyles. The latter carried off

most of the heavy events. The dancing was a treat but the presence of three or

−

4 professionals knocked all the amateurs out.

+

4 professionals knocked all the amateurs out.

−

After mess sat in the

+

After mess sat in the

billet where Mr. and Mrs. Ritson, Mrs. Mortimer and her rather pretty niece

−

Miss Monk had foregathered.

+

Miss Monk had foregathered.

−

<center>06 Apr 15

+

06 Apr 15<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Divisional exercise today and a most disagreeable day at that. We marched

+

Divisional exercise today and a most disagreeable day at that. We marched

out the Kempston and Ampthill road and effected a junction with another column

which was on the Cotton End road in Wilshamstead Wood, from which we turned

Line 1,438:

a premature assault which they made. As it was we were in a salient and would

have been enfiladed, but thought the movement was general. I must be more

−

careful in future.

+

careful in future.

−

"B" Coy's concert

+

"B" Coy's concert

is on tonight, but I was told off for Brigade Inlying Picquet in Albert

Terrace. After several attempts to quieten them the men have at last subsided

and quietness reigns. I suspect they have been throwing lemonade bottles

through the (closed) windows, but am not certain. I have just had to speak

−

pretty plainly to some of them.

+

pretty plainly to some of them.

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<center>GOLSPIE

+

GOLSPIE<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>JBC spent the next few weeks at Golspie with the 2/5 Seaforth, during

+

JBC spent the next few weeks at Golspie with the 2/5 Seaforth, during

−

which time he made only one entry in the diary.

+

which time he made only one entry in the diary.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>On 11 Apr 15 the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place> Division

+

On 11 Apr 15 the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place> Division

was warned to prepare to move to <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

It arrived in <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>

on 1 May 15 and shortly afterwards was retitled 51st (<st1:place>Highland</st1:place>)

−

Division with the brigade became 152nd Brigade.

+

Division with the brigade became 152nd Brigade.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Jim Miller was wounded by shellfire on 19 May and evacuated to <st1:country-region><st1:place>UK</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

+

Jim Miller was wounded by shellfire on 19 May and evacuated to <st1:country-region><st1:place>UK</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>On 15 Jun 'C' Company, led by Capt Joe Robertson, took part in an attack

+

On 15 Jun 'C' Company, led by Capt Joe Robertson, took part in an attack

on German trenches which failed in the face of machine-gun fire and uncut

barbed wire. 2 officers and 33 other ranks were killed - many others were

wounded. Among the dead were Sgt Ian M'Millan, Pte George Alexander and 2/Lt

Donnie Dunnet. Capt Joe Robertson, Capt Joseph Ritson and Lt W A M'Donald were

−

among the wounded.

+

among the wounded. <o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Sergt-Maj Sutherland and three others won the Distinguished Conduct Medal

+

Sergt-Maj Sutherland and three others won the Distinguished Conduct Medal

−

bringing in the wounded under fire.

+

bringing in the wounded under fire. <o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>JBC's diary for 15 Jun simply says 'Battle of Festubert'

+

JBC's diary for 15 Jun simply says 'Battle of Festubert'

−

<~~br><br~~>Shortly after Festubert JBC's mother received the following letter:

+

Shortly after Festubert JBC's mother received the following letter:<o:p></o:p>

−

~~__________________________________________________________________________~~

+

__________________________________________________________________________

−

<~~br><br~~>Private

+

Private<o:p></o:p>

−

3472 "C" Coy

+

3472 "C" Coy

−

1st 5th Sea Hdrs

+

1st 5th Sea Hdrs

−

152nd Infantry Brig

+

152nd Infantry Brig

51st (<st1:place>Highland</st1:place>)

−

Division

+

Division

−

B. E. France

+

B. E. France

−

<~~br><br~~>Friday 25 June

+

Friday 25 June

−

<~~br><br~~>Dear Mrs Cairnie,

+

Dear Mrs Cairnie,

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~> You all must

+

You all must

have got a great shock when the news of our casualties reached Thurso &

especially when you heard of the loss of the two boys you know so well,

I can well understand your feelings but I know one gets a great comfort in the

−

knowledge that they have died the most noble and honourable deaths.

+

knowledge that they have died the most noble and honourable deaths.

−

Thurso & Wick have

+

Thurso & Wick have

suffered heavily as a result of the charge which shall never be forgot by any

−

of the survivors.

+

of the survivors.

−

Your parcel for poor George

+

Your parcel for poor George

came here the other day and was handed to me & I saw by the card that I was

meant to share it, I shared with several of the other boys here & let them

−

know who it was for & who it was from.

+

know who it was for & who it was from.

−

I wrote a short note to

+

I wrote a short note to

Bruce the other day, poor Bruce will feel it terribly as George was always

speaking about him & the rare times they used to have together especially <s>in</s>

camp at Reay & I always knew by the way he spoke that they were the best of

chums. I remember him say not very long ago that he was glad Bruce was not out

−

here.

+

here.

−

I'm not to <s>say</s> give

+

I'm not to <s>say</s> give

any of the details of the attack as I've begun to hate speaking about it, one

does not realise what chums really are till after they are gone beyond one's

−

reach.

+

reach.

−

Nothing more at present, hoping

+

Nothing more at present, hoping

−

this finds everyone in Thurso in good health.

+

this finds everyone in Thurso in good health.

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~> Believe me,

+

Believe me,

−

<~~br><br~~> yours

+

yours

−

sincerely,

+

sincerely,

−

<~~br><br~~> Andrew

+

Andrew

−

B Sinclair

+

B Sinclair

−

~~___________________________________________________________________________~~

+

___________________________________________________________________________

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<center>TO

+

TO

−

<st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-size:

+

<st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-size:

−

13.5pt'>FRANCE</st1:place></st1:country-region><span

+

13.5pt'>FRANCE</st1:place></st1:country-region><span

−

style='font-size:13.5pt'>

+

style='font-size:13.5pt'><o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>After the shock of <st1:date Month="6" Day="15" Year="1915">15 Jun

+

After the shock of <st1:date Month="6" Day="15" Year="1915">15 Jun

1915</st1:date>, 1/5 Seaforth remained in the front line until the 25th

−

when they moved to rest billets at La Gorgue (about20Km east of <st1:City><st1:place>Lille</st1:place></st1:City>).

+

when they moved to rest billets at La Gorgue (about20Km east of <st1:City><st1:place>Lille</st1:place></st1:City>).<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>The need to replace battle casualties and the increasing numbers of

+

The need to replace battle casualties and the increasing numbers of

officers required by battalions on active service meant a draft of officers was

sent out from the 2/5th at Golspie. After a farewell dinner in the

Sutherland Arms Hotel, Brora on the evening of 23 Jun 15 JBC left for <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>

−

the next day.

+

the next day.<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>JUNE

+

JUNE

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="24"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="24"

−

Year="2015">24-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">24-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Barnetson

+

Barnetson

and I left Golspie at <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> Had a

grand send off, all the officers and men of the battalion coming to the station

Line 1,573:

including Bob and Bessie. Left at <st1:time Minute="50" Hour="10">10:50</st1:time>

for <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City>, having picked up

−

Sutherland.

+

Sutherland.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="25"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="25"

−

Year="2015">25-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">25-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfasted

+

Breakfasted

at the Strand Palace Hotel and after being photographed, at <st1:City><st1:place>Lafayette</st1:place></st1:City>’s,

went and met Vane at Piccadilly. He is looking much better after his

Line 1,585:

officers. Left Waterloo <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="55">2:55 p.m.</st1:time>,

and feeling in very good spirits all of us, but I think the women who are left

−

behind are bravest of all.

+

behind are bravest of all.

−

Arrived <st1:place>Southampton</st1:place>

+

Arrived <st1:place>Southampton</st1:place>

about <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> and got our business

done. Leaving tonight late by the Harve packet. A number of civilians crossing

−

too.

+

too.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="26"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="26"

−

Year="2015">26-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">26-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

On

+

On

deck shortly before <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="8">8 a.m.</st1:time> No land in

sight, but fine breezy sunny morning. Had breakfast and before we were finished

−

we were inside Harve harbour.

+

we were inside Harve harbour.

−

Char-a-banc up to the Base

+

Char-a-banc up to the Base

Office from which we received orders to proceed <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>

same afternoon. Had a very enjoyable journey, not much sign of war here, but on

the quays were piles of barbed wire and large numbers of transport waggons

−

parked.

+

parked.

−

Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>

+

Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>

about <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30 p.m.</st1:time> and after some

difficulty found our way to the Hotel Angleterre where we found Nicolson and

Paterson eating strawberries. Later went out to the Base Depot where we are to

−

billet until further orders - in canvas shacks.

+

billet until further orders - in canvas shacks.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="27"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="27"

−

Year="2015">27-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">27-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

This

+

This

being Sunday there way nothing very much doing in the way of drill. We went

down to the town and wandered through the streets, visiting the market which

Line 1,624:

attitudes. Had a decent dinner at a restaurant: Hamish inclined to get a bit

uproarious. Nearly all the shops were shut. Sat in a café on the river front

−

for a bit and then took the car out to the camp.

+

for a bit and then took the car out to the camp.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="28"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="28"

−

Year="2015">28-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">28-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

After

+

After

breakfast we walked up to the pine wood about a mile along the road for a

lecture by a young Captain who has evidently been out all winter. On the road,

Line 1,635:

were being drilled. The infantry were in some cases drafts newly come out, in

others details, sick, etc. They were fairly getting it rubbed in and smartened

−

up, but it was only for a few hours in the day.

+

up, but it was only for a few hours in the day.

−

In the evening we went down

+

In the evening we went down

to <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>, Finnie playing football

on the way and generally conducting himself like a young child. Barney and he

Line 1,644:

hill on the South? side of the town. It rises almost perpendicularly from the

side of the river, of which and all the surrounding country especially to the

−

West it commands a magnificent view.

+

West it commands a magnificent view.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="29"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="29"

−

Year="2015">29-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">29-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

The

+

The

same programme today as yesterday but it came on rain so we returned to camp,

when it cleared up. Harry Lauder's son has joined the camp. In the afternoon we

Line 1,659:

news that we are for the road tomorrow. So we had what we thought was to be our

last civilised dinner - nothing now but bully beef and biscuits - and celebrated

−

the occasion by having a good feed.

+

the occasion by having a good feed.

−

<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="30"

+

<st1:date Month="6" Day="30"

−

Year="2015">30-Jun-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">30-Jun-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Packed

+

Packed

up our stuff, and drew web equipment, etc. from the QM Stores. Left camp at <st1:time

Minute="0" Hour="17">5 p.m.</st1:time> The train left at <st1:time Hour="19"

Minute="45">7:45 p.m.</st1:time> On board are several drafts of men and a good

number of officers. Had a fine view of <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>

−

when crossing the railway bridge, with the sunset in the background.

+

when crossing the railway bridge, with the sunset in the background.

−

<center>JULY

+

JULY

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="1"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="1"

−

Year="2015">01-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">01-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

<s>Didn't

+

<s>Didn't

sleep very well last night, probably because of certain amount of une</s> Slept

from <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="22">10</st1:time> to <st1:time Minute="0"

Hour="8">8 a.m.</st1:time> although the train was jolting and bumping at a

fearful rate. We got into Bethune in the afternoon and later detrained at La

−

Gorgue.

+

Gorgue.

−

Major Morrison met us three

+

Major Morrison met us three

and conducted us to the transport train where we were entertained to tea by

Major Sinclair and James Willie - under the greenwood tree. I was surprised to see

Line 1,692:

some of Bedfordshire, but the crops are getting pretty high and make the

country even more difficult. We went on later to the 'Reserve Trenches' in Rue

−

Baceanot.

+

Baceanot.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="2"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="2"

−

Year="2015">02-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">02-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast

+

Breakfast

at 8. The men are up at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30</st1:time> but no

parades are held. Rifle inspection at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time>.

Line 1,704:

latter very well. Went over to 'C' Coy in the forenoon and found Addie,

Deuchart and the rest wonderfully hearty. We had a tea party in honour of the

−

Major's birthday, although I think he supplied most of the eatables.

+

Major's birthday, although I think he supplied most of the eatables.

−

Before tea I went up to the

+

Before tea I went up to the

firing line and had the first experience of being near shrapnel. Up there it is

very quiet and everybody is very comfortable. The trench is of the nature of a

redoubt, built of sandbags, over which it is almost certain death to stick your

head in daylight. The enemy snipers are very good. I found Adam very happy, in

−

one of the dug-outs.

+

one of the dug-outs.

−

<center>IN

+

IN

−

THE TRENCHES

+

THE TRENCHES<o:p></o:p>

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="3"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="3"

−

Year="2015">03-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">03-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Some

+

Some

of our batteries were going it strong last night although there was little

reply to them. They kept us awake a bit. Went up to the fire trench with Major

Line 1,734:

we did after dusk and I got my platoon in without difficulty, but of course

this part is very easy indeed to relieve. We took over and No. 4 Platoon was

−

told off to the reserve trenches.

+

told off to the reserve trenches.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="4"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="4"

−

Year="2015">04-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">04-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

No.

+

No.

4 had to furnish visiting patrols and listening patrol as well. I was rather

afraid of the latter but found it quite a simple affair as we didn't go out

Line 1,746:

Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> and slept till six. After breakfast wrote a few

letters and Adam came along to my dug-out. Am very comfortable. Wrote home in

−

the afternoon and slept a bit.

+

the afternoon and slept a bit.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="5"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="5"

−

Year="2015">05-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">05-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Quite

+

Quite

a quiet day and little doing. Explored the ground just in front of the Sally

Port for a sniping post along with Major M'Millan. It is a great thing to be

Line 1,757:

evening. It promises to be more exciting work. Stayed in Z until after

stand-to. Nothing much doing. There are 16 Argyle bomb-throwers in Z as well as

−

two sections of my own.

+

two sections of my own.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="6"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="6"

−

Year="2015">06-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">06-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

A

+

A

fine morning. Had to wait on after stand-to (<st1:time Hour="3" Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time>)

in case the Briggie comes along. Shaved, breakfasted and to bed. The redoubts

Line 1,772:

yards but the splints sang and hummed overhead. I got one wee bit on the leg

but only a scratch. It is shrapnel that plays the mischief as regards

−

splinters.

+

splinters.

−

At night again the fun

+

At night again the fun

started but Y got it worst. I don't know how they hadn't some casualties.

Fortunately a lot of the shells didn't explode - duds. Later the Bosches

Line 1,781:

nerve to put my head above the parapet. The Argyles who were with us were a

great asset. Donnie Morrison is a very useful and willing man. I'm glad to have

−

him.

+

him.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="7"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="7"

−

Year="2015">07-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">07-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Stayed

+

Stayed

in Z Redoubt until after <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="0">seven a.m.</st1:time>

when I came down to HQ and got shaved. It was a pretty quiet day as far as the

Line 1,793:

line but no damage was done. Finlayson took over the redoubts at <st1:time

Hour="20" Minute="30">8:30 p.m.</st1:time> and I moved<span style='font-family:

−

Times'> my platoon down to the

+

Times'> my platoon down to the

parapet opposite HQ. Am now fine and near the dug-out and more in the centre of

things. Turned in at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="23">11:30 p.m.</st1:time> so

as to be able to relieve Finlayson at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time>

I hear there was pretty heavy firing after I went to bed but never a thing did

−

I hear.

+

I hear.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="8"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="8"

−

Year="2015">08-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">08-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Finlayson

+

Finlayson

called me at <st1:time Hour="3" Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> but as things were

quiet I didn't get up till after 4. Went round the redoubts, shaved and had

Line 1,810:

have been an accident by a couple of Argyle snipers behind, but as another two

bullets have come into same spot, I am pretty sure it is a German sniper. We

−

hunted round behind for him unsuccessfully, but they are devilishly cunning.

+

hunted round behind for him unsuccessfully, but they are devilishly cunning.

−

Slept in the afternoon, censored

+

Slept in the afternoon, censored

some letters and went along the line to see Addie. I never feel as sad as when

I see poor old Addie's face. I believe 'C' would put up a desperate fight but

−

their spirit is clean gone at present.

+

their spirit is clean gone at present.

−

Went out on reconnoitring

+

Went out on reconnoitring

patrol about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="11">11 a.m.</st1:time> with Sgt J

Fraser and a man. Were out for at least an hour and a half but didn't see or

Line 1,824:

Minute="20" Hour="1">1:20 a.m.</st1:time> The Germans have been sending over

some big shells today and trench mortars. They are getting onto our new

−

communication trench.

+

communication trench.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="9"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="9"

−

Year="2015">09-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">09-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Wakened

+

Wakened

by Finlayson at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time> All quiet. Some

trench mortars came over about breakfast time but did no damage. Lay in a

Line 1,835:

would come out, but no luck. Shells began to come over so we had to shift. Went

out with Finnie and C. Serg. Major Miller and got some shell fuses belonging

−

behind the lines.

+

behind the lines.

−

Were relieved at <st1:time

+

Were relieved at <st1:time

Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time> by incoming Bde. Nasty jamb getting men in

as they had far more than us. If the Germans had sent over some well aimed

Line 1,845:

creep. The men got tea and were led to their billets. Then we got to ours and

had a grand supper with fried eggs, etc. in the Café Aux Voyageurs. Turned in at

−

<st1:time Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time>

+

<st1:time Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time>

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="10"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="10"

−

Year="2015">10-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">10-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast

+

Breakfast

about <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> - ham and eggs, sausages,

tea, etc quite a good affair, with Steven D in attendance. Company parade at <st1:time

Line 1,858:

in the evening with little Willie. Rather colder today. A few shells falling

not far away, watched apathetically by the remaining inhabitants from their

−

door-steps.

+

door-steps.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="11"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="11"

−

Year="2015">11-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">11-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Nearly

+

Nearly

slept in. Had to attend bomb school at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time>

for a few days course, but found the instructor had also overslept. Rather old

Line 1,870:

Got home at <st1:time Minute="15" Hour="9">9:15</st1:time> and found letters

and parcels, including a very nice letter from May and cakes, etc from home.

−

Fags from DeCain [?]

+

Fags from DeCain [?]

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="12"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="12"

−

Year="2015">12-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">12-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Went

+

Went

bombing this morning and threw some live Bethune bombs. Rather nervy work at

first. Slept and wrote May in the afternoon. Big pile of letter to censor.

−

Black and Stalker arrived this afternoon Black to A Coy, Stalker to B.

+

Black and Stalker arrived this afternoon Black to A Coy, Stalker to B.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="13"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="13"

−

Year="2015">13-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">13-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Put

+

Put

of a lot of rifle grenades - saw a display with trench mortars by Blake -

−

horrid affair.

+

horrid affair.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="14"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="14"

−

Year="2015">14-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">14-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Took

+

Took

my platoon into Estaires for a bath and had one myself, along with Blackie.

Fine clean feeling afterwards. This is the first hot bath the battalion has had

Line 1,901:

Wonder we had no casualties - we are always lucky or is it cautious? Got back

about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time>, the latter part being

−

dry.

+

dry.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="15"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="15"

−

Year="2015">15-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">15-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Slept

+

Slept

till dinner time. Went up to relieve the 7th Gordons at night. Trenches seemed

very strange the first night, getting into them in almost inky darkness.

Everyone stood to till dawn, as Major M'Millan believes in doing so the first

−

night.

+

night.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="16"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="16"

−

Year="2015">16-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">16-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="17"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="17"

−

Year="2015">17-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">17-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="18"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="18"

−

Year="2015">18-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">18-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Up

+

Up

at dawn - fine bright morning. Black and I slept spent most of the afternoon

potting at a German with the periscope rifle but didn't get him. I saw his head

and shoulders - my first German. Two or three times it struck me this was Sunday,

but it was hard to remember. It's just like any other day, only the Germans

−

usually send over a few more shells than usual.

+

usually send over a few more shells than usual.

−

In the evening, during

+

In the evening, during

Church time at home, I lay and 'imagined' the organ and service. We seem very

−

near home.

+

near home.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="19"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="19"

−

Year="2015">19-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">19-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Another

+

Another

grand day and just the usual routine of the trenches. Went out at night with

L/Cpl Sinclair reconnoitering and was out for 2 hours, looking for disused

trenches along our front. Got back about 12 and found the Major getting

−

anxious.

+

anxious.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="20"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="20"

−

Year="2015">20-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">20-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Up

+

Up

at 3 and found Blackie waiting for me to make tea which we did. Grand morning.

After breakfast Finlayson and I took bearings for 3 fixed rifles to sweep roads

behind German lines. Loopholes are to be built tonight. Both sides were very

quiet today, the Germans can be seen carrying long poles through their

−

trenches.

+

trenches.

−

Went along to see 'C' Coy

+

Went along to see 'C' Coy

tonight. Addie in good form and more cheerful than usual. I hear from the

sergeants that George was simply splendid and willing to do anything. A lovely

sunset tonight - great long fiery clouds stretching over the West and overhead

and giving everything a fine glow. Overhead several aeroplanes - they usually

−

come at dawn or in the evening. Turned in about <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="10">10:30</st1:time>.

+

come at dawn or in the evening. Turned in about <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="10">10:30</st1:time>.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="21"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="21"

−

Year="2015">21-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">21-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="22"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="22"

−

Year="2015">22-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">22-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

We

+

We

leave the trenches tonight so most of the day is spent in cleaning up, etc. It

is always a wearisome day when we are going out as there is no outgoing mail

Line 1,980:

Had to stand an hour and a half on the other side Laventie for D Coy which did

not turn up even then. Were pretty well soaked. We are out this time without a

−

single casualty in 'A' Coy.

+

single casualty in 'A' Coy.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="23"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="23"

−

Year="2015">23-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">23-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Rose

+

Rose

and breakfasted about 12 <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="12">midday</st1:time>. Felt

rather washed out, as if I had been at a dance last night. Allan had a birthday

party which was a great success, especially the smoking concert which followed.

−

Paterson and Dannie were in great form. A perfect, moonlight night.

+

Paterson and Dannie were in great form. A perfect, moonlight night.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="24"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="24"

−

Year="2015">24-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">24-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Inspection

+

Inspection

by OC at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="10">10 a.m.</st1:time> - rifle inspection.

He was in better cut today. Went into Merville after that and again after

dinner. Tried to get a bath but there are only 2 in the town and not

accessible. The population wash in the river. Had champagne in the Hotel de

−

Ville, to celebrate Barnetson's gazette.

+

Ville, to celebrate Barnetson's gazette.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="25"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="25"

−

Year="2015">25-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">25-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Church

+

Church

Service at headquarters this forenoon. Rev. M'Farlane still hammering away at

the Kaiser: the sniping pretty rotten. Meeting of officers at Bde HQ in

Line 2,011:

to find road to station and did so on the Major's nag. Went to bed at <st1:time

Hour="20" Minute="30">8:30 p.m.</st1:time>, at least lay down on it, and

−

wakened at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> by Steven D.

+

wakened at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> by Steven D.

−

<center>ON

+

ON

−

THE <st1:place>SOMME</st1:place><span

+

THE <st1:place>SOMME</st1:place><span

−

style='font-size:13.5pt'>

+

style='font-size:13.5pt'><o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>In mid July the 51st (<st1:place>Highland</st1:place>)

+

In mid July the 51st (<st1:place>Highland</st1:place>)

Division moved to the <st1:place>Somme</st1:place> region and

took over a section of the front line from the French. This was a 'quiet'

sector where the division could continue to train. 'Quiet' is relative, but in

1915 the name '<st1:place>Somme</st1:place>' carried none of the

−

implications that it would gain after the battles of Jul - Nov 1916.

+

implications that it would gain after the battles of Jul - Nov 1916. <o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>The battalion remained in this area until late 1916, mostly occupying

+

The battalion remained in this area until late 1916, mostly occupying

−

positions on the River Ancre just north of Albert.

+

positions on the River Ancre just north of Albert.<o:p></o:p>

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="26"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="26"

−

Year="2015">26-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">26-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Marched

+

Marched

to La Gorgue station, leaving Merville about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="5">5

a.m.</st1:time> It was raining for the first bit but the sun came out and

Line 2,041:

the country improving every mile. Arrived Corbie about <st1:time Hour="22"

Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> and marched 4 miles under a full moon up to the <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>

−

- Albert road. Out billets were at Pont Noyelles.

+

- Albert road. Out billets were at Pont Noyelles.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="27"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="27"

−

Year="2015">27-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">27-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Rose

+

Rose

late. Had a bathe in a burn with Black and Finlayson. The water is clean and

wholesome, quite unlike what we have seen up north. Concert by 'A' and 'B' Coys

at the Girls Seminary. Piano on the steps at front door and men standing or

−

sitting round below the trees. Perfect night.

+

sitting round below the trees. Perfect night.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="28"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="28"

−

Year="2015">28-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">28-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Reviewed

+

Reviewed

today by General Munro, Commanding 3rd Army. Concert tonight by officers. Great

success. Finnie sang splendidly. Another perfect night. Conversazione of

officers afterwards in 'B' Coy headquarters, and one of the men doing

−

'Imitations'.

+

'Imitations'.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="29"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="29"

−

Year="2015">29-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">29-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Drill

+

Drill

in forenoon - handling arms, and also bathing parade. Sun very warm. Lot of

Kitcheners passed through today. We expected to move today too but cancelled.

−

This is a lovely little village.

+

This is a lovely little village.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="30"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="30"

−

Year="2015">30-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">30-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Handling

+

Handling

of arms and swim in the morning. Marched off at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="17">5

p.m.</st1:time> for new billets up nearer the firing line. Rather warm to

Line 2,080:

soft feet. Got to bed about 12, in an old stable which had been used as <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>French</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceType>Hospital</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>. Straw beds and rather

−

lively. Rose very itchy.

+

lively. Rose very itchy.

−

<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="31"

+

<st1:date Month="7" Day="31"

−

Year="2015">31-Jul-15</st1:date>

+

Year="2015">31-Jul-15</st1:date><o:p></o:p>

−

Difficult

+

Difficult

to get good water here - the stuff we washed in was full of H2S. Hence late

breakfast. Port wine under the trees in the Chateau garden until some of them

Line 2,093:

post on the railway which I took over from a gesticulating Frenchman with the

aid of an interpreter. Very comfortable little place, especially the quartiers

−

du Commandant.

+

du Commandant.

−

Dined with the latter

+

Dined with the latter

gentleman and 3 regular officers in a shanty below the bridge. My French very

weak. Went round the post about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time>

and found everything OK and the men fraternising splendidly with the French

−

Johnnies.

+

Johnnies.

−

<center>AUGUST

+

AUGUST

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>07 Aug 15

+

07 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Nothing

+

Nothing

worth noting down in the past week. I have been on this post all the time. We

did some work during the day - clearing the wood in front of Mound Keep and

cleaning up the trenches. At night of course the sentries were on and I had to

−

make a tour of these with the sergeant.

+

make a tour of these with the sergeant.

−

The weather has not been

+

The weather has not been

too good - fair amount of rain and drizzle, but I have been very comfortable in

the hut below the bridge, with first a <st1:City><st1:place>Somerset</st1:place></st1:City>

and then a Hampshire officer as company. I messed in Authuille along with the

−

rest of 'A' and 'B', otherwise I spent all my time here.

+

rest of 'A' and 'B', otherwise I spent all my time here.

−

Have read 'Captain

+

Have read 'Captain

−

Maigaret' this week and written a few letters. The time passes very quickly.

+

Maigaret' this week and written a few letters. The time passes very quickly.

−

<center>08 Aug 15

+

08 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

A

+

A

fine quiet day, quite Sunday like. Had a glorious bathe, or rather bath in the

−

burn this morning. Afterwards read Study in Scarlet.

+

burn this morning. Afterwards read Study in Scarlet.

−

Having been living very

+

Having been living very

much in the past, dallying with old memories, but keeping out the later tragic

−

ones. Think it's good occasionally to just take a good look back.

+

ones. Think it's good occasionally to just take a good look back.

−

<center>09 Aug 15

+

09 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Moist

+

Moist

warm day. Too lazy to do any work or to see that the men did any. Glad we're

not in the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>. Have started having rifle

Line 2,140:

route to Authuille, making it exactly the same the French had it. Had a very

heavy downpour of rain tonight and a great deal of vivid blue lightening. It

−

was so wet that I didn't visit all the sentries.

+

was so wet that I didn't visit all the sentries.

−

<center>10 Aug 15

+

10 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Thick

+

Thick

and misty this morning - no improvement after the thunder. Put the men on to

clear out the trenches which are rather muddy. Felt more energetic in the

Line 2,150:

would be well to continue it always. The Bosches are beginning to send over

shrapnel occasionally now, and two landed up in the wood tonight not far from

−

one of my groups. Probably there is too much movement in the wood.

+

one of my groups. Probably there is too much movement in the wood.

−

<center>11 Aug 15

+

11 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another

+

Another

good day. Had a good view of the firing line from trenches on the valley side

behind us. The Chateau of Thiepval isn't much of a place now. Had some shrapnel

into Authuille tonight and some of us had a rather narrow shave. Argyles had

one killed and 1 wounded at the river. A lot of our men there too. We are

−

always very lucky.

+

always very lucky.

−

<st1:country-region><st1:place>Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>

+

<st1:country-region><st1:place>Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>

has offered peace to <st1:country-region><st1:place>Russia</st1:place></st1:country-region>

but she has declined. British have taken 1200 yards of trench at Hooge, but it

−

will be only a very local and probably extremely costly success.

+

will be only a very local and probably extremely costly success.

−

<center>12 Aug 15

+

12 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

−

<center>13 Aug 15

+

13 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

The

+

The

Argyles were relieved by the Indian Cavalry Division. These have been in the

trenches only about 48 hours since they came out in December. Rather funny to

see them losing their companies in the darkness and as I couldn't make myself

−

understood to them I had a bit of a job.

+

understood to them I had a bit of a job.

−

<center>14 Aug 15

+

14 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

The

+

The

officers of the ICD came round today - half a dozen majors and captains with

note-books all asking questions. Discovered Leslie who used to be in Chem T

Line 2,192:

handed over to an officer of the Iniskillings at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6

p.m.</st1:time> I was only sorry I couldn't wait to hear about <st1:country-region><st1:place>India</st1:place></st1:country-region>

−

from him. He says 'It's a fine country to go on leave in'.

+

from him. He says 'It's a fine country to go on leave in'.

−

Battalion formed up in Bois

+

Battalion formed up in Bois

d'Aveluy and when it got dusk, took the road through Albert and got to

Buire-sur-l'Ancre about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> No

billets for us officers but it was a fine night, and we got our valises under a

−

tree, Blacko and I and were soon asleep.

+

tree, Blacko and I and were soon asleep.

−

<center>15 Aug 15

+

15 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

A

+

A

fresh awakening this morning: got up about 8 and shaved and washed. Breakfast

in a hired room, and later on <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>

got us two nice bedrooms next door to BHQ. The village we are in has not been

touched by the war, so that we are rid for the time being of the depressing

−

sights of roofless houses. The inhabitants are all in situ.

+

sights of roofless houses. The inhabitants are all in situ.

−

<center>16 Aug 15

+

16 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

The

+

The

newly joined subs paraded under the Sergeant-Major in transport lines and

submitted to public degradation - right turns by numbers. Great indignation,

−

especially on Freegard's part.

+

especially on Freegard's part.

−

<center>17 Aug 15

+

17 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Drill

+

Drill

in the forenoon. After tea had a walk by myself up to the main road and back by

Ribermont. Read Gray's Elegy on the way and much of it that was meaningless

−

before was quite clear. Lovely evening.

+

before was quite clear. Lovely evening.

−

<center>18 Aug 15

+

18 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Drill

+

Drill

in the forenoon beside the river and after dinner walked over to Bresle to a

gas demonstration. In the evening had a stroll up above the village through the

−

cornfields.

+

cornfields.

−

<center>19 Aug 15

+

19 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Football

+

Football

match between men and officers tonight but had to stop in the middle as the

−

ball burst.

+

ball burst.

−

<center>20 Aug 15

+

20 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

The

+

The

forenoon was spent mostly in spraying respirators and smoke helmets, and also,

on my part, in packing my valise. Left shortly after <st1:time Minute="0"

Hour="15">3 p.m.</st1:time> for the trenches. Had to hoof it with full pack,

and left myself just rather too little time. However the Major and Dunvegan,

−

coming behind on horseback were late.

+

coming behind on horseback were late.

−

Went by Dernancourt to

+

Went by Dernancourt to

Moulin du Vivier (Bde H.Q.) and through Albert up to Becourt (Bat. H.Q.) and so

up to the fire-trench. We are taking over from 'A', 7th Gordons. Had supper and

−

a look round the trenches. Turned in till <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time>

+

a look round the trenches. Turned in till <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time>

−

<center>21 Aug 15

+

21 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Up

+

Up

at <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and had breakfast. Another look

round and then started back to Buire where I arrived at 8.30 and had brekker.

Line 2,259:

Captn. D. Sutherland, and met the guard coming along with transport. Got into

the fire trench about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="16">4 o'clock</st1:time>,

−

pretty tired, so turned in.

+

pretty tired, so turned in.

−

Had a bathe this morning

+

Had a bathe this morning

−

and found myself 'lowsy' in the extreme in spite of my mouslin shirt.

+

and found myself 'lowsy' in the extreme in spite of my mouslin shirt.

−

<center>22 Aug 15

+

22 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Had

+

Had

a 'snackie' at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time> Very quiet day,

which I spent mainly in fitting up a dug-out for myself. I have put up a

swinging hammock which won't be so likely to harbour vermin and have partially

−

latticed the doorway which at present is rather open.

+

latticed the doorway which at present is rather open.

−

Great draw back to these

+

Great draw back to these

trenches is the lack of proper water supply. All drinking water comes up in

water carts at night to B.H.Q. and has to be fetched from there in jars,

−

bottles, tins, etc, by roundabout way. Same with grub and ammunition.

+

bottles, tins, etc, by roundabout way. Same with grub and ammunition.

−

<center>23 Aug 15

+

23 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

This

+

This

early breakfast is a good idea and gives a sound basis for beginning the day

on. Up at <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and spent the morning

Line 2,286:

to the fire trench and the dug-outs are mainly in the support line. A platoon

of <st1:City><st1:place>Kitcheners</st1:place></st1:City> (7th Beds)

−

is coming up tonight for instruction. Turned in after stand-to.

+

is coming up tonight for instruction. Turned in after stand-to.

−

<center>24 Aug 15

+

24 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Splosh

+

Splosh

wakened me this morning at 4. Evidently there was a mix up last night and he

was on by himself with the Beds subaltern. I turned out and had a belated

Line 2,297:

places there has been some friction between K's and Terriers, but not here. They

took over all my part of the line after stand-to at <st1:time Hour="20"

−

Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> so I withdrew all my men except 4 sentries.

+

Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> so I withdrew all my men except 4 sentries.

−

<center>25 Aug 15

+

25 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

It

+

It

was 5 before I was up this morning owing to some mistake. Another splendid day,

and very quiet. The Germans have been busy opposite us these last nights and

Line 2,307:

top of the hill. We can't see their support trenches but they can see ours and

down to B.H.Q. as well. In the early morning with the sun behind them they have

−

a big advantage in light too, and I wonder they don't do more sniping.

+

a big advantage in light too, and I wonder they don't do more sniping.

−

Spent most of the forenoon

+

Spent most of the forenoon

in the observation post getting to know their line. Wrote in the afternoon. The

evenings are short after tea now. Stand-to is about <st1:time Hour="19"

−

Minute="30">7.30 p.m.</st1:time>

+

Minute="30">7.30 p.m.</st1:time>

−

The Russians have had a

+

The Russians have had a

−

naval victory in the <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>Gulf</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName>Riga</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>.

+

naval victory in the <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>Gulf</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName>Riga</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>.

−

<center>26 Aug 15

+

26 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

We

+

We

have been sandbagging the parapet for the last few days to keep the chalk from

falling into the trenches. We have made no loopholes here. <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s

Line 2,325:

They were spread over all the line, a section to a platoon. We put one of our

men to two of theirs for instructional purposes, but I think the instruction

−

mostly took the form of tall tales about 'The Orchard'.

+

mostly took the form of tall tales about 'The Orchard'.

−

I was on all night and had

+

I was on all night and had

much trouble in keeping some of the men alert. The 8 hour shift is rather long

−

I think as there are so many fatigues by day.

+

I think as there are so many fatigues by day.

−

Splosh singing Harry Lauder

+

Splosh singing Harry Lauder

−

in the Mess. He is rather like D.B. except that he can carry a tune.

+

in the Mess. He is rather like D.B. except that he can carry a tune.

−

<center>27 Aug 15

+

27 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Got

+

Got

to bed about <st1:time Hour="5" Minute="0">5 a.m.</st1:time> Rose for breakfast

at 8, and went back till dinner time. Wrote in afternoon, and made a sketch of

−

German lines showing loopholes. Think it may be of some use to the men.

+

German lines showing loopholes. Think it may be of some use to the men.

−

Another glorious day - not

+

Another glorious day - not

a drop of rain since we came in to trenches. Had a wash and a shave in a bowl:

also a hunt and got one of each variety so I'm proving. But I'm very itchy.

Turned in about <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="30">9.30 p.m.</st1:time> Finnie and

−

two Beds' officers are on till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>

+

two Beds' officers are on till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>

−

Splosh got rather a setback

+

Splosh got rather a setback

tonight when playing the veteran up among the <st1:place>Queens</st1:place>.

−

The Major gave him rather a hard time when he came back.

+

The Major gave him rather a hard time when he came back.

−

<center>28 Aug 15

+

28 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another

+

Another

fine day, but rather close. Saw two Huns through the periscope and had a pot at

them. In the evening started putting up a loophole, which took from 7 till <st1:time

Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> to finish and it was pouring rain most

of the time. No. 4 has very good Lance Corpls, only they do too much work

−

themselves. Seaman and Skinner helped me with the loophole.

+

themselves. Seaman and Skinner helped me with the loophole.

−

Soaked through by the time

+

Soaked through by the time

were done and the trenches were very bad with water lying in them. Wakened

Splosh at <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="40">12:40 a.m.</st1:time> and turned in

−

after setting my things to dry all round the dugout

+

after setting my things to dry all round the dugout

−

<center>29 Aug 15

+

29 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Had

+

Had

quite a comfortable sleep considering. Got up at breakfast time. The loophole

−

is a wee bit low but may do.

+

is a wee bit low but may do.

−

My pocketbook was brought

+

My pocketbook was brought

in at <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time> badly mauled, having been

extricated from the debris we threw down last night. Got the things separated

out and photos washed, but they won't be quite as good as before. Fortunately

it was dry and hot this morning so I got most of my things dried. The trenches

−

wanted a lot of cleaning up, and require some more thorough method of draining.

+

wanted a lot of cleaning up, and require some more thorough method of draining.

−

<center>30 Aug 15

+

30 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Up

+

Up

at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time>, clear and cold as usually

in the mornings now. The loophole is a bit improved, but all the wire isn't yet

cleared away. Artillery tried to get onto a machine gun emplacement, but were

far out. Evidently the map is not accurate, or else their shooting is very

−

poor, and the seldom will send up an observation officer.

+

poor, and the seldom will send up an observation officer.

−

Black and I on duty at

+

Black and I on duty at

night. It was very cold and we stayed in the mess most of the time, alternately

sleeping and writing. Took occasional turns along the line, and tried to locate

Line 2,394:

the lines are much closer elsewhere. Still there must be some explanation of

these very high mounds they have thrown up. They can't be from any ordinary

−

trench work.

+

trench work.

−

Wee Willie slept in my bed

+

Wee Willie slept in my bed

till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> when we all had breakfast,

and fed also Fishy, Stalk and Nic. Thank goodness they kept off Golspie for

−

once.

+

once.

−

<center>31 Aug 15

+

31 Aug 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rose

+

Rose

for dinner. Very little doing today. Had a few shots through the loophole, but

the earth has been too damp lately for observation to be easy. Sandbags are at

−

an end, so there isn't much work to be done.

+

an end, so there isn't much work to be done.

−

The Major was testing the

+

The Major was testing the

artillery on a point today, and found it took ten minutes for them to open

−

fire, which is rather too long.

+

fire, which is rather too long.

−

'Stand-to' is shortly after

+

'Stand-to' is shortly after

<st1:time Hour="19" Minute="0">7 p.m.</st1:time> now. It was very quiet last

−

night.

+

night.

−

<center>SEPTEMBER

+

SEPTEMBER

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Sep 15

+

01 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Wakened

+

Wakened

at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time> by Finnie. Cold, clear

morning. I hadn't been in the fire trench a minute when a boy Graham was shot

Line 2,429:

religious about the thought. We buried him at <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="30">10:30</st1:time>,

in a grave dug by his companions. One of the burying party was hit with

−

shrapnel, on the leg, while returning.

+

shrapnel, on the leg, while returning.

−

In the afternoon the 7th

+

In the afternoon the 7th

Gordons officers came up to take over, so we had a large party at tea. It began

to rain in the afternoon and the trenches were soon in a great muck. It is

always wearisome waiting for the reliefs, and tonight they didn't arrive till <st1:time

Hour="23" Minute="30">11:30 p.m.</st1:time> They were too smart to need guides

−

so lost their way.

+

so lost their way.

−

We got down to the foot of

+

We got down to the foot of

hill 106 after plootering through the mud. Some platoons came down the road,

but I didn't care to take that responsibility. The moon was high by this time,

Line 2,445:

a.m.</st1:time> and found <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>

waiting for us. We subs of 'A' are billeted in the mayor's house and have bed

−

between two.

+

between two.

−

<center>'REST'

+

'REST'<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>

+

<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>‘Rest’ for infantry units out of the line was not really an

+

‘Rest’ for infantry units out of the line was not really an

accurate description of what happened. It was more a matter of continual

−

fatigues in the trenches and rear areas.

+

fatigues in the trenches and rear areas.<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>02 Sep 15

+

02 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Wakened at <st1:time

+

Wakened at <st1:time

Hour="11" Minute="15">11:15</st1:time> by Ross, who reported breakfast ready.

Rose with that 'after the ball' feeling which we always have the night after

coming out. It was drizzling in the forenoon but I went for a wash and a bathe.

−

Met Adam who seemed to acquiesce in his engagement.

+

Met Adam who seemed to acquiesce in his engagement.

−

Had a letter from Daisy re

+

Had a letter from Daisy re

rose bowl which appears to have given satisfaction. Dinner and tea at <st1:time

Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> Had a walk up to the high road in the

−

twilight.

+

twilight.

−

<center>03 Sep 15

+

03 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Parade at <st1:time Hour="9"

+

Parade at <st1:time Hour="9"

Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>. Blackie, Finnie and I. We had inspection and

physical exercises. Rather cold and raw - too cold for a bathe. Football match

Line 2,477:

ankle broken. Very wet tonight. Fatigue party of 150 men up at Bouzincourt all

day, Splosh with them. This is Daisy's wedding day. Long life and happiness to

−

her and her husband.

+

her and her husband.

−

<center>04 Sep 15

+

04 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

No parade this forenoon as

+

No parade this forenoon as

another fatigue party of 150 left at <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="0">7 a.m.</st1:time>

with Finnie etc. Wrote Bob in the garden. It was a fine forenoon, but wind is

−

getting cold.

+

getting cold.

−

Left with party of 200 men

+

Left with party of 200 men

at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30 p.m.</st1:time> for Albert. We worked

on communication trench which leads up to La Boisselle. Line was pretty quiet,

Line 2,492:

stray bullets near us. Fortunately it was a grand night, although not too warm.

We got back at <st1:time Hour="2" Minute="30">2:30 a.m.</st1:time> after a fine

−

march.

+

march.

−

<center>05 Sep 15

+

05 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Brekker at <st1:time

+

Brekker at <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> I though to have a fine quiet Sunday and

get some letters written, but about 11 o'clock word came that the battn was to

shift quarters to Henencourt. This necessitated the fatigue party of 300 men

going in full marching order. We packed up after dinner and left at <st1:time

−

Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>

+

Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>

−

Arrived at our new billets

+

Arrived at our new billets

after a very warm but short march. The new place isn't nearly so comfortable as

Buire, but the air is brisker. Finnie and I have a nice room upstairs, with a

motherly old wife to take an interest in us. Had tea at <st1:time Hour="20"

Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time>, "and so to bed". Some pears I carried

−

in my haversack today have mucked up my diary, which is rather a humbug.

+

in my haversack today have mucked up my diary, which is rather a humbug.

−

<center>06 Sep 15

+

06 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Up at <st1:time Hour="5"

+

Up at <st1:time Hour="5"

Minute="30">5:30 a.m.</st1:time> for breakfast and fatigues. Left with 300 men

and 6 officers for second line trenches between Albert and Bouzincourt. Very

Line 2,521:

got back <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30 p.m.</st1:time> The men very

tired, and not fit to work well. There are far too many fatigues here, and

−

always a long march before and after.

+

always a long march before and after.

−

Had a rest in the afternoon

+

Had a rest in the afternoon

and after tea wrote and went for a stroll. Singing in B Coys tonight, also a

−

case of O.P. Didn't go down.

+

case of O.P. Didn't go down.

−

<center>07 Sep 15

+

07 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Lovely day again. I was to

+

Lovely day again. I was to

have gone on fatigue this forenoon but it was cancelled so we had a bit of a

rest, but not altogether undisturbed as there was a 'non-surprise' alarm at <st1:time

Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30 p.m.</st1:time> The battalion turned out pretty

smart, even considering they were expecting it; I don't see what good it did -

−

so much 'eye-wash' no doubt.

+

so much 'eye-wash' no doubt.

−

After tea, went for a

+

After tea, went for a

stroll up into the corn fields and wrote to May: A glorious sunset. The nights

−

are splendid just now.

+

are splendid just now.

−

<center>08 Sep 15

+

08 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast at <st1:time

+

Breakfast at <st1:time

Hour="6" Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> and left before eight for work on the

second line defences near Bouzincourt. Capt M'Leod in charge of party. We took

Line 2,549:

round. It was a fair scorcher of a day, and we were glad of any shade to be got

from trees on the wayside, but that was not much. We got in at <st1:time

−

Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time>

+

Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time>

−

Spent the afternoon in my

+

Spent the afternoon in my

sleeping bag reading and sleeping. After tea went down to Buire on the Major's

−

horse.

+

horse.

−

<center>09 Sep 15

+

09 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Splendid day again.

+

Splendid day again.

Breakfast at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time>, as the fatigue

part wasn't in till about 3 a.m. Another left at <st1:time Hour="12" Minute="0">noon</st1:time>,

so dinner was at 11. Many who were on last night were on again today. The men

−

are getting footsore.

+

are getting footsore.

−

Lay in most of the day, as

+

Lay in most of the day, as

I am rather stiff and have a bit of a cold coming on. Worked after tea at

Fortnum and Mason's accounts with <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>,

trying to get them squared off but there are several difficulties. We tackled

it again with the help of the Major after they came back but with no greater

−

success. It can only be a very approximate allocation.

+

success. It can only be a very approximate allocation.

−

<center>10 Sep 15

+

10 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast at <st1:time

+

Breakfast at <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> Another splendid day with more air. No

fatigue today, but had an inspection parade, under platoon arrangements. Some

of the equipment very badly put on. Rifles are usually well kept with the

−

exception of one or two - including Skinnie.

+

exception of one or two - including Skinnie.

−

Right half company played

+

Right half company played

left half this afternoon, resulting in a win for latter by 1-0. Finnie and I

played for left half, and Blacko, in a flimsy costume and identity disc played

for right. There was too much temper in it, especially on old Stewart's part.

The refereeing was strict to excess. Very good game all the same, and although

−

I fell absolutely pegged out I believe it has done my cold good.

+

I fell absolutely pegged out I believe it has done my cold good.

−

Laurie [?] has gone away

+

Laurie [?] has gone away

with some skin trouble, and don't expect he will come back. Watson away to

−

hospital again, this time with his eyes.

+

hospital again, this time with his eyes.

−

+

−

<center>BACK

+

BACK

−

INTO THE LINE

+

INTO THE LINE<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>11 Sep 15

+

11 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rifle inspection as usual.

+

Rifle inspection as usual.

Billets had to be cleaned up in the afternoon: have always to keep nagging at

this job. Teas at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="30">3:30</st1:time>. Marched off

−

at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> No. 4 platoon leading.

+

at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> No. 4 platoon leading.

−

The day had been very hot

+

The day had been very hot

but it was a grand evening for marching, although road very dusty. They were

taking in the harvest along the roadside, and away in the distance beyond

Line 2,610:

the top: and beyond the Chateau we had about as far to go again. We were posted

by about <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 o'clock</st1:time>. Turned in till <st1:time

−

Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>

+

Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>

−

<center>12 Sep 15

+

12 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Wakened at <st1:time

+

Wakened at <st1:time

Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and went on duty with Blackie. Splendid

morning, the trench especially what is held by No. 4, is in a bad state of

repair. We vary from about 200 yards to 100 yards from Germans. Pretty quiet

−

all day - a few trench mortars on the left.

+

all day - a few trench mortars on the left.

−

One of the Neats in No. 2

+

One of the Neats in No. 2

was shot through the head while looking over the parapet through his telescope.

−

He was always too daring. His brother was very much cut up.

+

He was always too daring. His brother was very much cut up.

−

We are working one officer

+

We are working one officer

in firing line here, as we have a small frontage. I was on at night from 10 to

−

1 so had a decent sleep.

+

1 so had a decent sleep.

−

<center>13 Sep 15

+

13 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast was a bit late as

+

Breakfast was a bit late as

'C' Coy is not strong enough for all the fatigues. Poor old 'C' they don't get

−

much consideration - some think too much including Howie.

+

much consideration - some think too much including Howie.

−

Got a fatigue party on to

+

Got a fatigue party on to

sandbagging the trench. There's a tremendous lot of work to be done before the

trench will be suitable for winter. Carried on in the afternoon, but had to

Line 2,643:

in strength till it was like an express train coming up. Sometimes the bombs

lay for a few seconds but usually they burst immediately they reached the ground.

−

They sent over a lot of rifle grenades.

+

They sent over a lot of rifle grenades.

−

<center>14 Sep 15

+

14 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

On duty from 1 to 4 and got

+

On duty from 1 to 4 and got

in about 10 hours sleep, in spite of Blackie's snoring. No work done on the

trench this morning. About <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="0">11 o'clock</st1:time>

the Germans blew up one of our mines and a number of men of the R.E. were

gassed. One officer and three men or so were done for. Some Argyles who

−

assisted at the top of the shaft were the worse of the gas too.

+

assisted at the top of the shaft were the worse of the gas too.

−

We took over the left

+

We took over the left

sector of the line at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="0">4 o'clock</st1:time>, changing

over with 'D' Coy. A lot of trench mortars came over just at that time but did

no damage. No. 1 platoon lost a Melvich boy at tea-time - shot through the

parapet and Argyle working party had two killed and 5 wounded at night by a

−

trench mortar.

+

trench mortar.

−

And after all we are just

+

And after all we are just

holding on and doing no good. Our sentries in the front line are sitting in

little holes in the parapet, neither observing nor firing and the Germans are

−

firing our own mines. Everybody talks in whispers and walks on tiptoe.

+

firing our own mines. Everybody talks in whispers and walks on tiptoe.

−

<center>15 Sep 15

+

15 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Was on duty from <st1:time

+

Was on duty from <st1:time

Hour="0" Minute="0">midnight</st1:time> until six. Sat in the dugout and read

all the time. Quiet night and no casualties in the Coy. Was round the front

Line 2,675:

to start tomorrow - combined movement by the British and French. That explains

the heavy cannonading we have been hearing for the day or two, to our right and

−

left, mainly left. We are evidently not to be in the first push.

+

left, mainly left. We are evidently not to be in the first push.

−

A bombing party were sent

+

A bombing party were sent

out tonight to try to jigger up one of the German mines. They threw some bombs

and got back safely but whether they accomplished anything or not we don't

know. We had some hefty trench mortars and rifle grenades back by way of

reaction, some of the <st1:place>Bolton</st1:place> boys got badly shaken but

−

nothing worse happened.

+

nothing worse happened.

−

<center>16 Sep 15

+

16 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Sat in the dug out reading

+

Sat in the dug out reading

and writing till <st1:time Hour="5" Minute="0">5a.m.</st1:time> but the

atmosphere was stifling and the flies a torment, so I had to get out

Line 2,692:

posts had 'retired' before a series of mortar bombs and rifle grenades. We

could see the trench mortars coming quite well with a tail of sparks behind. No

−

casualties.

+

casualties.

−

In the afternoon our

+

In the afternoon our

artillery bombarded the enemy's trenches and tried to demolish the craters

between the lines. They fired about 12 huge explosives (2 duds). The company

Line 2,700:

short and made a dickens of a mess of our own trench. The result was that we

had to put on fatigue parties to build up and clear our own trenches after our

−

own guns.

+

own guns.

−

<center>17 Sep 15

+

17 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

So hot in the dug-out that

+

So hot in the dug-out that

I sat outside the door all night, among the rats. Finally lay down and slept

−

for an hour. Very quiet all night.

+

for an hour. Very quiet all night.

−

<~~br><br~~>Had to get the trenches cleared up today to hand them over clean, and must

+

Had to get the trenches cleared up today to hand them over clean, and must

say <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s men are getting

them in a much cleaner state than we did. As usual had a tiresome afternoon,

Line 2,716:

and through Albert, and once over the rise we sat down, glad to be out and on

top of the ground. The men were in good spirits and sang a good deal which is

−

unusual at such a time.

+

unusual at such a time.

−

Arrived Henencourt at <st1:time

+

Arrived Henencourt at <st1:time

Hour="22" Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> fairly well fagged out, and made a

bee-line for Splosh and Blackie's estaminet where we had a couple of bottles of

−

champagne: then a cup of tea as we had sent the cooks on ahead. Then to bed.

+

champagne: then a cup of tea as we had sent the cooks on ahead. Then to bed.

−

<center>18 Sep 15

+

18 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast at 10. At 11

+

Breakfast at 10. At 11

marched down to Buire for a wash and a bathe. Very hot and dusty. Had a good

bathe. Adjourned to the Pharmacie and helped Splosh with a bottle of Bass. Got

back to Buire at 4 and had dinner - Macconochie, and roasted apples. Nothing

−

doing tonight. Had stroll in the moonlight.

+

doing tonight. Had stroll in the moonlight.

−

<center>19 Sep 15

+

19 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another very hot day.

+

Another very hot day.

Orderly officer today, which I discovered only ten minutes before time for

guard-mounting. Company inspected by C.O. in the afternoon and pronounced very

good. Don't know what makes them take that badgering tone with the men. Perhaps

it's modesty, but I think if Davidson told them they had done well in the

−

trenches they would think more of themselves and of him too.

+

trenches they would think more of themselves and of him too.

−

Church parade at <st1:time

+

Church parade at <st1:time

Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time>, Herbert Reid preaching on "This

Gospel". I walked back to Millencourt with him. He has opened a dry

Line 2,746:

argument with <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City> and Moy Hall

tonight about God and the War, Marriage, etc. and as a consequence felt very

−

restless tonight.

+

restless tonight.

−

<center>20 Sep 15

+

20 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast <st1:time Hour="6"

+

Breakfast <st1:time Hour="6"

Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time> To Bouzincourt at <st1:time Hour="19" Minute="15">7:15</st1:time>

with fatigue party. Perfect day with a nip in the air. Large fatigue party out,

Line 2,757:

Divisional Transport Officer. Got a few letters written and am now trying to

square up the Mess accounts but it strikes me that somehow I'm running this on

−

my own money.

+

my own money.

−

<center>21 Sep 15

+

21 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Lord Kitchener inspected us

+

Lord Kitchener inspected us

this afternoon before we went into the trenches. He was very red in the face,

and the fellows said worried looking. We marched straight off after the

Line 2,768:

lying across the street. Got into our quarters in the Bois d'Authuille about <st1:time

Hour="19" Minute="0">7 p.m.</st1:time> Had a late supper as we had some trouble

−

with the mess cart.

+

with the mess cart.

−

<center>22 Sep 15

+

22 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast at <st1:time

+

Breakfast at <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> We have a splendid mess with a pergola

and verandah outside. This is my birthday and a splendid day too. Splosh and I

made a set of chessmen out of cardboard and had a game. We haven't managed a

−

wash today - in fact it has been a very lazy day.

+

wash today - in fact it has been a very lazy day.

−

My birthday cake hasn't

+

My birthday cake hasn't

arrived yet and I'm afraid Mother will be much disappointed when she knows.

Still we managed a first class tea with sardines, queen-cakes, currant buns,

etc. and later in the evening champagne. We had a fire in the mess and were

−

very nice and cozy. Finnie is grubbing with D Coy to be near H.Q.s.

+

very nice and cozy. Finnie is grubbing with D Coy to be near H.Q.s.

−

<center>23 Sep 15

+

23 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rather dull and sultry

+

Rather dull and sultry

today. Nothing doing all day, except smoking and eating sweeties. After tea,

had to go over to Head Qrs. and see to the digging of some dummy trenches.

Thunderstorm came on and the men got soaked so they worked hard. The guns have

been going it strong today, making a great din in the trees and I hear that La

−

Boisselle has been heavily bombarded by us.

+

Boisselle has been heavily bombarded by us.

−

Freegard had a narrow

+

Freegard had a narrow

escape last night. Went out with an Argyle officer to take in a flag which the

Germans had planted before our line. There was a bomb attached to the stick,

and it exploded and killed the other officer. Machine guns were turned on them

−

then.

+

then.

−

<center>24 Sep 15

+

24 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Still raining this morning:

+

Still raining this morning:

the woods were soaking and the road and paths all turned to mud. After

−

breakfast we lit a wood fire in the Mess, and played Bridge till dinner.

+

breakfast we lit a wood fire in the Mess, and played Bridge till dinner.

−

Was up at the 6th Seaforth

+

Was up at the 6th Seaforth

lines with party in the afternoon but didn't wait. The Brigadier is afraid the

Germans have gone back as things are very quiet so he wanted Nicolson to take a

Line 2,811:

pip-squeaks. They will likely leave a few machine guns in their front trench up

to the very last. Our guns have been giving it to them very hot all day, and

−

the wood has been echoing with the reports.

+

the wood has been echoing with the reports.

−

Gid and Harper in to tea

+

Gid and Harper in to tea

which was rather a spread with sardines and tomato sauce, apple tarts and seed

−

cake.

+

cake.

−

<center>25 Sep 15

+

25 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Raining hard all night, and

+

Raining hard all night, and

most of the day. Had a fatigue party up to 6th Seaforths, building parapet.

−

'Davit' in to dinner and tea. He is always so cheery.

+

'Davit' in to dinner and tea. He is always so cheery.

−

Sat in all afternoon and

+

Sat in all afternoon and

evening with a big wood fire. Our guns have been going strong most of the day

and the Germans lying dogo mostly. Good news today. We have broken through on

the North. The Germans here are a bit jumpy, and the 6th gave then a bit rapid

−

and a cheer at 'Stand to', which brought a brisk reply.

+

and a cheer at 'Stand to', which brought a brisk reply.

−

Finished up the evening

+

Finished up the evening

with a great argument in the mess, ending up on evolution which the Major

−

strongly opposes.

+

strongly opposes.

−

<center>26 Sep 15

+

26 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rather a better day. Got

+

Rather a better day. Got

the dugouts cleaned up. Were relieved at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time>

and just after my platoon got clear, some pip-squeaks came over and Black's lot

Line 2,841:

once we got onto the high road it was grand. Company formed up on the other

side of Albert. From there we had the pipes, and the moon came up. There's no

−

time like the march to billets.

+

time like the march to billets.

−

<center>27 Sep 15

+

27 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Got up at about <st1:time

+

Got up at about <st1:time

Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30 a.m.</st1:time> The men were payed in the forenoon,

getting only 5 Fr. each, with which they were rather dissatisfied. There was a

good deal of drink going at night and rows in several estaminets. Tube helmet

−

parade before dinner.

+

parade before dinner.

−

<center>28 Sep 15

+

28 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Cold and raw. Inspection by

+

Cold and raw. Inspection by

new Divisional General (Harper) as <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30 p.m.</st1:time>,

Allason having gone home in bad health. Very cold standing on parade. Short

route march followed, round by Bresle and Baizieux. Got in to tea about six,

−

and had a good spread.

+

and had a good spread.

−

<center>29 Sep 15

+

29 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rather a nasty day. Battn

+

Rather a nasty day. Battn

did an attack on Millencourt. 'A' Coy formed the firing line. Funny that

although the men have all been under fire they wouldn't get down on their

Line 2,868:

all afternoon and at <st1:time Hour="20" Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> was

detailed to report to Martinsart at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time>

−

tomorrow morning.

+

tomorrow morning.

−

<center>30 Sep 15

+

30 Sep 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Left Henencourt after an

+

Left Henencourt after an

early breakfast for Martinsart, along with Nicolson, to take over at Authuille.

Howie and Barnetson came over on horseback. Arrived at Authuille via Martinsart

Line 2,881:

bedroom with two beds. Black and Splosh have gone over to the post on the

railway, where there are now two platoons. The other two are in the dug-out

−

down below the river bank.

+

down below the river bank.

−

As we came along by

+

As we came along by

Bouzincourt this morning we saw a German aeroplane brought down by a Britisher.

Both occupants were killed. There was an immediate rush for souvenirs, and one

fellow made off with the machine's 'tail' and though chased by two sentries

−

managed to 'make good'.

+

managed to 'make good'.

−

<center>October

+

October

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Oct 15

+

01 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Had a very good sleep in

+

Had a very good sleep in

the cellar. The weather seems to have settled down again to another fine spell.

Went round to the railway post with the Major after brekker. The Mound Keep is

−

much improved, and a lot of new dugouts have been made.

+

much improved, and a lot of new dugouts have been made.

−

George Murray and Howie put

+

George Murray and Howie put

a stove into the mess in the afternoon and we are now fortified against the

cold. The nights are very cold now. Things are very quiet on the line here.

−

Practically no shelling and only very few trench mortars up at the Chateau.

+

Practically no shelling and only very few trench mortars up at the Chateau.

−

<center>02 Oct 15

+

02 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Splendid morning and had a

+

Splendid morning and had a

bracing wash in the weir - hands and face only. Went over to MacMahon's post in

the forenoon. Black and Splosh at breakfast. Steven D in waiting. Splosh

−

ordered by the MO to go to bed as he has been badly for several days.

+

ordered by the MO to go to bed as he has been badly for several days.

−

After dinner we saw a lot

+

After dinner we saw a lot

of black smoke rising from their direction and it proved to be from the fire

Splosh had got lit in the shelters below the bridge. The place was burnt out,

Line 2,917:

over Splosh and Black were looking very down in the mouth but the Major's

cheery face soon put them to rights. He wasn't in the least put out about it.

−

Blacko lost his greatcoat, magnapole, etc in the conflagration.

+

Blacko lost his greatcoat, magnapole, etc in the conflagration.

−

<center>03 Oct 15

+

03 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another lovely day. On

+

Another lovely day. On

fatigue at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time> with party working

on drain for water pipe which is to take 2 gallons per man per day to the

Line 2,927:

over several times and we had to stop work several times. Shrapnel doesn't seem

to be much good against them and I have never seen or heard of a plane being

−

brought down by it. Dinner was sent up.

+

brought down by it. Dinner was sent up.

−

Sat in all night playing

+

Sat in all night playing

bridge, etc. I hear today that the <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s

−

lot have withdrawn from the Ilo and Dinhollow trenches at La Boisselle.

+

lot have withdrawn from the Ilo and Dinhollow trenches at La Boisselle.

−

<center>04 Oct 15

+

04 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Splosh went to hospital

+

Splosh went to hospital

this morning so I had to take his place at the bridge and the new officers

dug-out is a wretched affair. We have decided to have our grub at the Mess.

Line 2,941:

probably owing to the hospitals being cleared out for influx of casualties from

the North. We are now 4 officers short. The draft of men (87) arrived late

−

tonight.

+

tonight.

−

The work at MacMahon's post

+

The work at MacMahon's post

is going ahead but the Brigadier was round today condemning the roofs of the

dug-outs as not being shell-proof. Fortunately they are the work of the

−

Gordons. Heavy bombardment going on to the North.

+

Gordons. Heavy bombardment going on to the North.

−

<center>05 Oct 15

+

05 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Had a very good sleep in

+

Had a very good sleep in

spite of Blacko's snoring. Wrote in the afternoon in the mess. Wet outside. The

Court Martial on Dunvegan came off tonight and up to the time I left was 'gey

dreich' but I understand it livened up considerably towards the end when George

−

Murray was well canned.

+

Murray was well canned.

−

<center>06 Oct 15

+

06 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Today misty a bit. Made a

+

Today misty a bit. Made a

sketch of Berridale Brae. In the evening played bridge and went with Howie and

Black to hunt rats. Not very successful. Stalker came back tonight from St.

Omer where he was for machinegun course. Says British are rather downhearted in

the North at not having done so well as they hoped. But we must and shall win

−

in the end, however far away that may be, and however few of us live to see it.

+

in the end, however far away that may be, and however few of us live to see it.

−

<center>07 Oct 15

+

07 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Better weather today. Captain

+

Better weather today. Captain

Sutherland comes in every day for dinner which is followed by a game of quoits

in the back garden. We are always glad to see his cheery face. More rat hunting

tonight and bridge. French are reported to be going on yet in <st1:State><st1:place>Champagne</st1:place></st1:State>.

−

Dreamt last night of killing rats.

+

Dreamt last night of killing rats.

−

<center>08 Oct 15

+

08 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Nothing doing today. Bridge

+

Nothing doing today. Bridge

as usual after tea. <s>Stalker came back tonight an</s> Howie, Dunvegan and

myself had a rat-hunt on our way home as <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time>

−

It has to stop now though as too many lights are being seen in the village.

+

It has to stop now though as too many lights are being seen in the village.

−

<center>09 Oct 15

+

09 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Thick and misty today. No

+

Thick and misty today. No

news of the fighting today. At the Mound Keep for the forenoon. The dugouts are

all ready for roofing now if only the corrugated iron would come. The Argyles

Line 2,988:

are using very heavy mortars. Fatigue parties of out men were sent up to

repair, and evidently to the General's satisfaction as he asked to see Sgt Reid

−

and L/Cpl Keith both of 'C' Coy, today.

+

and L/Cpl Keith both of 'C' Coy, today.

−

<center>10 Oct 15

+

10 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

This turned out to be a

+

This turned out to be a

fine quiet day. We were relieved tonight by the 8th Black Watch, so most of the

day was spent in tidying up. The Major wouldn't play quoits this afternoon,

being Sunday. Sat in the dug outs with George M'Kay and Hugh Fraser and others,

−

with a roaring fire and had solos from various singers.

+

with a roaring fire and had solos from various singers.

−

Got a splendid starry night

+

Got a splendid starry night

for marching to billets - the men were in good form and sang most of the way.

The Germans dropped four shrapnel in Aveluy before we reached it, and put some

Line 3,004:

good deal of noise, so I think they had spotted the relief. Got into

Stenencourt about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="25">11:25 p.m.</st1:time> Tea was

−

issued to the men, along with a tot of rum.

+

issued to the men, along with a tot of rum.

−

<center>11 Oct 15

+

11 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast wasn't until

+

Breakfast wasn't until

about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time> this morning. A pleasant

day, but a bit heavy. Loafed about forenoon and afternoon. Bridge at night.

Argument as to why there is an increased % of male children during or after a

−

big war. The matter was to be referred to the Doc. but he didn't turn up.

+

big war. The matter was to be referred to the Doc. but he didn't turn up.

−

<center>12 Oct 15

+

12 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Early breakfast and left

+

Early breakfast and left

for Bouzincourt at <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="15">7:15 a.m.</st1:time> Got back

4 p.m. Fine day. Dugouts are now being made 13 feet deep with 5 feet headroom

Line 3,026:

Morrison came back today from Bray where he has been getting instruction in

Adjutant's work. George Murray had a few straight words with Thomson, Staff

−

Capt.

+

Capt.

−

<center>13 Oct 15

+

13 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Route march round by Bresle

+

Route march round by Bresle

and Brazieux [?] today. Rather close marching and I was glad I had made up my

pack with my air-pillow instead of with heavier stuff. Jock the Post nearly put

his fist through it. The autumn tints are on the trees now, and the apples

−

still hanging are russet and brown.

+

still hanging are russet and brown.

−

Game of quoits before tea,

+

Game of quoits before tea,

which came on at five with boiled eggs and curried prawns. Splosh got a huge

parcel tonight which turned out to be 100 parti-coloured sandbags. They are to

be used for screening the officers' latrine, there being no lack of sandbags

here now. Finnie has definitely forsaken us for the H.Q. mess. Heavy

−

bombardment away to the North.

+

bombardment away to the North.

−

<center>14 Oct 15

+

14 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Another fatigue this

+

Another fatigue this

morning to Bouzincourt, the Major, Howie, Blacko, Freegard and myself. Howie

and Blackie spent the day in Albert and reappeared in time to march back with

Line 3,051:

the occasion with a boiled meat duff. Tea immediately after, and a shave and

then the Concert at the Chateau. The hits of the evening were topical songs for

−

which Splosh was mainly responsible. The Brigadier and the Countess were there.

+

which Splosh was mainly responsible. The Brigadier and the Countess were there.

−

<center>15 Oct 15

+

15 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Field day - attacking

+

Field day - attacking

position other side of Bresle which Finnie and the stretcher bearers had taken

up. 'A' Coy was to deliver a flank attack but it was rather late. Very misty

and difficult to see what was going on. Slept all afternoon. Second night of

the concert wasn't quite so good as first as there was some repetition of last

−

night's songs.

+

night's songs.

−

At <st1:time Hour="23"

+

At <st1:time Hour="23"

Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> the alarm went, without the least warning. No. 4

Platoon was about the last to turn out. The Adjie was in a screaming and

Line 3,068:

about <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="30">12:30 a.m.</st1:time> I hear our battalion

took the longest to turn out but that was partly owing to the orderlies not

−

being able to be found.

+

being able to be found.

−

One of the Kidds, Brora in

+

One of the Kidds, Brora in

−

at tea tonight. He is with the miners at La Boisselle.

+

at tea tonight. He is with the miners at La Boisselle.

−

<center>16 Oct 15

+

16 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Slept in a bit this

+

Slept in a bit this

morning, Capt Morrison, Freegard and self on Court of Inquiry, on man who shot

his hand in May. The poor beggar came out with the last draft and is being

tried now. Afternoon I spent in lonesome walk round behind the Chateau woods

−

and tried a sketch. Finnie and J.B. Morrison in at tea.

+

and tried a sketch. Finnie and J.B. Morrison in at tea.

−

<center>17 Oct 15

+

17 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Orderly officer and late

+

Orderly officer and late

for guard mounting. Church Parade at <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 a.m.</st1:time>

Got a very good sermon from a strange padre on 'Wherefore this waste?' Misty

Line 3,089:

we enjoyed what there was of it. O.C.'s parade for A and B at <st1:time

Hour="12" Minute="0">12 noon</st1:time>. More rapid than usual. Rest of the day

−

free.

+

free.

−

Sat round the fire all <span

+

Sat round the fire all <span

−

style='mso-tab-count:1'> evening having theological arguments,

+

style='mso-tab-count:1'> evening having theological arguments,

George Murray being especially keen on the 2nd Coming and producing a diagram

to illustrate his views. We have got an open fireplace put in, and with a big

−

wood fire blazing on it we can be very comfortable.

+

wood fire blazing on it we can be very comfortable.

−

<center>18 Oct 15

+

18 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Fatigue to Bouzincourt

+

Fatigue to Bouzincourt

today, reporting time as usual at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30 a.m.</st1:time>

All the officers went into Albert and had dinner - omelettes, rabbit, etc. The

Café Aux Voyageurs is run by two or three women, who have to take refuge in the

−

cellars during the almost daily shelling.

+

cellars during the almost daily shelling.

−

<center>19 Oct 15

+

19 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Left at <st1:time Hour="6"

+

Left at <st1:time Hour="6"

Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> for fatigue at Authuille. Cold morning,

especially in the valley of the Ancre where it was pretty thick. Bulgar and

Line 3,114:

to be wild or glad, so were the latter and got back to Henencourt just at

dinner-time. Capt Sutherland brought some salt fish to the Mess, which we had

−

for supper with Dunvegan, Danny, Gerry, etc.

+

for supper with Dunvegan, Danny, Gerry, etc.

−

<center>20 Oct 15

+

20 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Supposed to report at

+

Supposed to report at

Authuille trenches as <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="30">10:30 a.m.</st1:time>

Splosh, Johnnie Paterson and I left about 9 and sauntered into Albert where we

Line 3,127:

cans which produces blood poisoning. The Battn came in about <st1:time Hour="20"

Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time>, and relief was carried out through very

−

expeditiously and without mishap.

+

expeditiously and without mishap.

−

<center>21 Oct 15

+

21 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Mice kept me awake most of

+

Mice kept me awake most of

the night, running over my head, etc. 'A' Coy being in reserve, in <st1:Street><st1:address>Paisley

Avenue</st1:address></st1:Street>, there isn't much for us to do. The Company

Line 3,138:

all the cooking for the battalion is done. Very quiet in the front line. Looks

as if their trench mortars had been knocked out. Retired to my dugout at <st1:time

−

Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and had a blazing coal-fire.

+

Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and had a blazing coal-fire.

−

<center>22 Oct 15

+

22 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Very bright today. Dunvegan

+

Very bright today. Dunvegan

came limping down this morning with bad attack of lumbago, and was taken to

hospital on a stretcher - pity the bearers. I had to go up to 'B' Coy as Allen

Line 3,148:

number of trench mortars mixed up with shrapnel - probably to make them keep

their head down. One mortar got into the trench and did some damage but nobody

−

hurt.

+

hurt.

−

<center>23 Oct 15

+

23 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Duty from <st1:time Hour="3"

+

Duty from <st1:time Hour="3"

Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> to <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time>

Fine night and very quiet. Germans working hard. General Harper round today,

and made himself very disagreeable. Four light trench mortars and rifle

−

grenades today.

+

grenades today.

−

<center>24 Oct 15

+

24 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

There was a ring round the

+

There was a ring round the

moon last night, so I wasn't surprised to find it threatening a break-down this

morning. It did break down by the afternoon and the trenches were soon muddy.

Had 4 heavy trench mortars over this morning, 2 duds. Nobody hurt and some wire

−

blown down.

+

blown down.

−

Capt. Sutherland in to tea,

+

Capt. Sutherland in to tea,

and Johnnie Morrison, who left for furlough tonight. Had a sacred concert in

the Mess, under the baton of George Murra', he being an authority on the psalm

tunes as well as many other biblical matters. Nasty wet night. Martin left

tonight too. Leave has been doubled, so I expect to go home on about a month's

−

time.

+

time.

−

<center>25 Oct 15

+

25 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Duty <st1:time Hour="3"

+

Duty <st1:time Hour="3"

Minute="0">3 a.m. to 6 a.m.</st1:time> It had been raining all night, and

Bulgar was swearing at the drops of water which were impinging on his physog.

There was a pool on top of me but fortunately I had an oilskin over my blanket.

Had to put some chevaux de frise in position and it was rather an awkward job.

−

Breakfast wasn't till about 9.

+

Breakfast wasn't till about 9.

−

Rather a rotten day, my

+

Rather a rotten day, my

feet being wet nearly all the time. Two rifle grenades at <st1:time Hour="18"

Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> Germans going at their work strong. Suspect they

−

are driving a mine towards the salient as we have heard tapping tonight.

+

are driving a mine towards the salient as we have heard tapping tonight.

−

<center>26 Oct 15

+

26 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Cold, bright and windy

+

Cold, bright and windy

morning. A number of trench mortars, mostly small, came over in the morning. In

the afternoon some 'oil-cans' fell on the right of the 6th Seaforths. Built an

observation post at the top of Sauchiehall St. The Germans put over a couple of

−

T.M.s, as I think they heard us.

+

T.M.s, as I think they heard us.

−

Some more came over about <st1:time

+

Some more came over about <st1:time

Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time> in answer to our own TM gun, and some of

them were fairly heavy. Freegard was hit in the back with a piece that pierced

through to his shirt. He was bruised a bit, and the Doc sent him to the

hospital. The Colonel has been in good form most of the day. H.Q. are much more

−

affable than used to be the case.

+

affable than used to be the case.

−

<center>27 Oct 15

+

27 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Blank

+

Blank

−

<center>28 Oct 15

+

28 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Wakened this morning with a

+

Wakened this morning with a

lot of rain on my bed, and a fair cold in my head. Blacko gave me a tot of rum

on which I slept to <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="45">8:45</st1:time>. It was very

Line 3,214:

Mess except to relieve him for meals so by night I was feeling a bit better.

Blake and Johnnie P were in to tea and we had the usual feeding of the 5000:

−

our problem isn't so much the feeding though as the seating of them.

+

our problem isn't so much the feeding though as the seating of them.

−

About <st1:time Hour="20"

+

About <st1:time Hour="20"

Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> we heard that one of 'C' Coys dugouts had fallen

in, and that Addie was buried under it. Thinking it must be about all up with

Line 3,223:

his leg and a pretty bad shaking. The Doctor reported no bones broken. We got

back to the Mess after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> and

−

turned in.

+

turned in.

−

<center>29 Oct 15

+

29 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

The 8th Argyles, on our

+

The 8th Argyles, on our

right, got it very hot this morning with oilcans, mortars and whizz-bangs. Dry

overhead today, but trenches in a bad mess. Saw Addie at the dressing station

−

en route for hospital.

+

en route for hospital.

−

Splosh took out a bombing

+

Splosh took out a bombing

party at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time> to bomb a German sap

−

out from Hammer Head.

+

out from Hammer Head.

−

Heard later that the

+

Heard later that the

Argyles didn't lose a single man although the Germans put over more than 150

mortar bombs - 50 of them oil cans, and a lot of whizz-bangs as well. The

Argyles gave them "Are we downhearted? No!" after the

−

fusillade had stopped.

+

fusillade had stopped.

−

<center>30 Oct 15

+

30 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Splosh came in at <st1:time

+

Splosh came in at <st1:time

Hour="0" Minute="45">12:45 a.m.</st1:time> having found nothing in the sap.

Spent most of the day trying to get a German sniper. Saw about six Germans

−

today, some of them in the wood in front of their line.

+

today, some of them in the wood in front of their line.

−

We were relieved by the

+

We were relieved by the

1/7th Gordons. 'B' Coy took the longest to be relieved and it was <st1:time

Hour="11" Minute="15">11:15</st1:time> before we got to Henencourt. The roads

were very muddy especially at Authuille. We were all very glad to get out, and

−

thanked out lucky stars that we hadn't had a scratch except for Freegard's.

+

thanked out lucky stars that we hadn't had a scratch except for Freegard's.

−

<center>31 Oct 15

+

31 Oct 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Slept

+

Slept

till <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 a.m.</st1:time> The people at the

Mess-room have taken away their stove, so Stephen has to cook in the yard. They

−

are very disagreeable. Nasty raw day and no parades of any sort.

+

are very disagreeable. Nasty raw day and no parades of any sort.

−

Finnie and I rode down to

+

Finnie and I rode down to

Warloy, he to get a motor for the Colonel who is going to hospital today with

Lumbago, and I to see Addie. Not finding him there I went back to Millencourt

where they told me he had been sent 16 miles down. There are rumours that our

division may be sent to Servia. One Corps is said to have gone already, and one

−

division of our Corps to be under orders. Hope I get my leave first.

+

division of our Corps to be under orders. Hope I get my leave first.

−

<center>November

+

November

−

1915

+

1915<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>01 Nov 15

+

01 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Fatigue

+

Fatigue

to Bouzincourt with Capt. Rutherford, Black, Blake and Finnie. The last has

been put on fatigues this time. Another rotten day. We all went into Albert at

lunch time and had a good feed. The men were fairly wet and no coke to dry

themselves with when they get home, but I suppose they manage always to pinch

−

some. 'Dooking apples' and Splosh's Steak and Kidney pudding tonight.

+

some. 'Dooking apples' and Splosh's Steak and Kidney pudding tonight.

−

<center>02 Nov 15

+

02 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

OC's

+

OC's

(Major Sinclair) parade at 11 a.m. Drizzling rain and very cold and he

inspected every rifle in the company and didn't find one dirty. Lecture in the

Chateau at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> by Col Stewart of

the Division on the attack. Nothing brilliant. Went to bed early. Am reading

−

Buchan's History of the War.

+

Buchan's History of the War.

−

<center>03 Nov 15

+

03 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Fatigue

+

Fatigue

at Bouzincourt. The Major, Black and Blake. Bright cold day, it seems to have rained

itself out last night. It's getting to cold now to loaf about with pleasure,

and the temptation to drop into Albert is getting stronger. Splosh has been <span

−

style='font-family:Times'> in

+

style='font-family:Times'> in

−

bed the last two days with rheumatism and melancholia.

+

bed the last two days with rheumatism and melancholia.

−

<center>SNIPING

+

SNIPING

−

COURSE

+

COURSE<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>A large number of schools - bombing, sniping, musketry, gas, etc - were

+

A large number of schools - bombing, sniping, musketry, gas, etc - were

established in <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>

as the war progressed. These made up for the sometimes skimpy training of units

in <st1:country-region><st1:place>UK</st1:place></st1:country-region>,

disseminated new tactics and, unofficially, provided a break from the trenches

−

for officers and men.

+

for officers and men.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Sniping was intimately connected with observation. In the battalion

+

Sniping was intimately connected with observation. In the battalion

snipers and 'scouts' were usually gathered into one specialised platoon,

although in the trenches there was little 'scouting' in the sense of mobile

−

reconnaissance.

+

reconnaissance.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>The primary role of the snipers was (and is) as counter-snipers, i.e. to

+

The primary role of the snipers was (and is) as counter-snipers, i.e. to

suppress the enemy's snipers and only then to engage targets of opportunity.

The static and routine nature of life in the trenches meant that frequently

visited points (e.g. latrines) could be identified and sniped. Good sniping

−

established a moral as much as a military ascendancy over the other side.

+

established a moral as much as a military ascendancy over the other side.<o:p></o:p>

−

<~~br><br~~>Sniping was something the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place>

+

Sniping was something the <st1:place>Highland</st1:place>

Division prided itself on - with many gamekeepers (and poachers) in the ranks

this is not surprising. 'Splosh' celebrates the deeds of 'Sniper <st1:City><st1:place>Sandy</st1:place></st1:City>'

(Sgt Alexander M'Donald - KIA Nov 16) with a parody of the popular song 'Sister

−

Susie's Sewing Shirts for Soldiers' [text to follow]:

+

Susie's Sewing Shirts for Soldiers' [text to follow]:<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>04 Nov 15

+

04 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Route

+

Route

march by Millencourt, Aliceville, Bresle and Baizieux. Just after getting back

I was told to report at Bouzincourt and go by bus to Querrieux for course in

−

telescopic sights.

+

telescopic sights.

−

We had a fine run down in

+

We had a fine run down in

one of these <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> buses. There

were 4 officers - Coats, West and King's Own man and about 12 men. Arrived

Line 3,341:

could make out he was hit in the fighting near the village and died in his own

house. She told us of other 'atrocities' too - her father-in-law, a man of 74

−

was mortally wounded while minding his cattle

+

was mortally wounded while minding his cattle

−

<center>05 Nov 15

+

05 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

We

+

We

started the course at 9 this morning, beginning with a lecture by the sergeant

and then onto the range. At night had a lecture of 2 hours from Col Lloyd RAMC

on optics, etc. as applied in telescopes, etc. He is DDMS but has evidently

shot a lot at Bisley and probably big game too. He is keen on the subject

−

anyway, although it is outside his ordinary work.

+

anyway, although it is outside his ordinary work.

−

We are very well off as

+

We are very well off as

regards billets. I have a fine bed with clean white sheets and quilt. The Mess

is first class and we get on very well with Madame and all her relatives

Line 3,358:

chance of speaking French. According to the custom, M'mlle Louise's father came

to fetch her home. The French people here won't sing - not until 'après la

−

guerre'. Soldiers can sing, but civilians 'non'.

+

guerre'. Soldiers can sing, but civilians 'non'.

−

<center>06 Nov 15

+

06 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Fine

+

Fine

bright morning and we were shooting all day till about <st1:time Hour="15"

Minute="30">3:30</st1:time>. Then a lecture on sniping, loopholes, etc from

−

Colonel Lloyd himself.

+

Colonel Lloyd himself.

−

At <st1:time Hour="17"

+

At <st1:time Hour="17"

Minute="30">5:30</st1:time> the bus left with the men and should have taken us

too but we got a pass for <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>,

Line 3,377:

having chocolate. Very cold run back to Querrieux in the mist. <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>

is in the French area; all traffic is carefully watched. Hear the civilians

−

have to clear out of Albert on account of spy-fever.

+

have to clear out of Albert on account of spy-fever.

−

<center>BACK

+

BACK

−

TO THE BATTALION

+

TO THE BATTALION<o:p></o:p>

−

<center>07 Nov 15

+

07 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Breakfast

+

Breakfast

about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>. Then we began to wonder

how we would get back to our billets. We started down the road and hadn't gone

Line 3,393:

M'Millan is O/C battalion - the Colonel is acting Brigadier and Sinclair in

hospital. Captn. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City> returned

−

this morning.

+

this morning.

−

Very slow marching to

+

Very slow marching to

Aveluy, 8th Argyles being in front and continually halting. German aeroplane

over Aveluy, chased by our guns but got away. We thought she must have spotted

the relief but no shells came over. Relieved the Loyal <st1:place>N Lancs</st1:place>.

Very little dugout accommodation and had great difficulty in getting the men

−

in. General mix up with the machine guns etc.

+

in. General mix up with the machine guns etc.

−

<center>08 Nov 15

+

08 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

On

+

On

duty till <st1:time Hour="2" Minute="0">2 a.m.</st1:time> when Blacko took

over. Very quiet. Pretty good day. There is a lot of enfilade fire, day and

night from both machine guns and rifles. The Germans have a very strong

−

position and are steadily pushing forwards their line by means of saps.

+

position and are steadily pushing forwards their line by means of saps.

−

Geo. Murray has been very

+

Geo. Murray has been very

energetic all day and has had poor Splosh in a ferment all day about his bomb

stores; and then Splosh lay on his back in the bed instead of on his side - the

−

bed being just on the small side for three.

+

bed being just on the small side for three.

−

Took out a patrol tonight -

+

Took out a patrol tonight -

Morrison, Peat and Bain. Saw what seemed to be a German patrol but they were

−

too far away and disappeared.

+

too far away and disappeared.

−

<center>09 Nov 15

+

09 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

Rather

+

Rather

a raw day and the men were glad to have their goat-skins. The Brigadier came

back so the Major is back to the Company. The Colonel and Adjutant were round

this morning playing havoc, and passing on the row they got themselves from the

Divisional General. The trenches are in a bad state and the fire-step has all

−

to be revetted.

+

to be revetted.

−

Had smokies for tea and

+

Had smokies for tea and

−

Capt. Sutherland and Dunvegan were in. It has started to rain.

+

Capt. Sutherland and Dunvegan were in. It has started to rain.

−

<center>10 Nov 15

+

10 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

−

On

+

On

duty <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="0">12</st1:time> to <st1:time Hour="3"

Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> Trenches in a great mess as no provision of any

sort had been made by the 154th Bde for drainage. Had to use knee boots to get

along and was up to the knee in places. The men are very wet, especially about

−

the feet and their dugouts are about as bad as the trench.

+

the feet and their dugouts are about as bad as the trench.

−

The whole place is in a

+

The whole place is in a

rotten state: the people who let it into disrepair should have been made to

spend the winter in it. It is possible now that it will be our part of the line

Line 3,446:

sceptical. The men were working most of the day on the trench - draining it,

putting in sink pits and cleaning it up but nothing can be done to the dugouts

−

as they require a radical gutting out and can be touched only at night.

+

as they require a radical gutting out and can be touched only at night.

−

They put over a few

+

They put over a few

high-explosives today, evidently meant for our sap-heads but no damage was

−

done. Heavier guns than usual - about 4.7.

+

done. Heavier guns than usual - about 4.7.

−

Freegard's birthday party. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>

+

Freegard's birthday party. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>

made me go over as he is anxious to heal the breach. Blacko out on patrol

−

tonight but met nothing. Turned in at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time>

+

tonight but met nothing. Turned in at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time>

−

<center>11 Nov 15

+

11 Nov 15<o:p></o:p>

@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 <div class=Section1>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'>The
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'>The
-Great War diaries of</b>
+Great War diaries of<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'>John
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:36.0pt'>John
-Bruce Cairnie</b>
+Bruce Cairnie<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;
-font-family:Wingdings'>z</b><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'> 1915 </b><b><span
+font-family:Wingdings'>z</span></b><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'> 1915 </span></b><b><span
-style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>z</b><b><span
+style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>z</span></b><b><span
-style='font-size:24.0pt'></b>
+style='font-size:24.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;</b>
+<p><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;
-font-family:Wingdings'>Ë</b><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'> 1915 </b><b><span
+font-family:Wingdings'>Ë</span></b><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt'> 1915 </span></b><b><span
-style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>Ë</b><b><span
+style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>Ë</span></b><b><span
-style='font-size:24.0pt'></b>
+style='font-size:24.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>transcribed
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>transcribed
-and annotated by James Bruce</b>
+and annotated by James Bruce<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>correspondence
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>correspondence
-to Alan Cairnie [cairnie@cogeco.ca]</b>
+to Alan Cairnie [cairnie@cogeco.ca]<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b><u>BIOGRAPHY</u></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u>BIOGRAPHY<o:p></o:p></u></b></p>
-<br><br>John Bruce Cairnie was born on 22<sup>nd</sup>. September 1889 in Thurso<span
+<p>John Bruce Cairnie was born on 22<sup>nd</sup>. September 1889 in Thurso<span
-style='font-size:10.0pt'>, <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place>, the third
+style='font-size:10.0pt'>,</span> <st1:place>Caithness</st1:place>, the third
 son of David Dandie Cairnie, a chemist in the town, and Mary Wilson Bruce. He
 attended the Miller Institute in Thurso and <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Edinburgh</st1:PlaceName>
   <st1:PlaceType>University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, where he graduated M.A.
 in 1911 and B.Sc. in 1912. His interests were in Botany and Geology. He then
-attended teachers&#8217; college.
+attended teachers&#8217; college. </p>
-<br><br>His diary for 1916 will follow in due course.<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>
+<p>His diary for 1916 will follow in due course.<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>
-In October 1917 he sailed to join the 3/4<sup>th</sup> King&#8217;s
+</span>In October 1917 he sailed to join the 3/4<sup>th</sup> King&#8217;s
 African Rifles with the rank of lieutenant. He kept a diary from that time
 until January 1919 when he sailed for home. This diary will also be transcribed
-soon<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>.
+soon<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
-<br><br>In September 1919 he started his teaching career in Golspie and in October
+<p>In September 1919 he started his teaching career in Golspie and in October
 moved south to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Ayr</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType>Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>.
 He later moved to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Cumnock</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType><span
-   style='font-size:10.0pt'>Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> where he
+   style='font-size:10.0pt'>A</span>cademy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> where he
 completed his career, retiring in 1953. During his time in Ayrshire he maintained
 his interest in Thurso by keeping in touch with family and friends and visiting
 in the summer. He kept in contact with his comrades in the 5<sup>th</sup>
 Seaforths by attending the reunions. He died in 1977, and his pawky sense of
-humour, and warmth of nature are missed by family and all who knew him..
+humour, and warmth of nature are missed by family and all who knew him..</p>
-<br><br>In 1930 he <span style='font-size:10.0pt'>had married Isabella Moodie
+<p>In 1930 he <span style='font-size:10.0pt'>had </span>married Isabella Moodie
 and they had a son Alan Bruce Cairnie who moved to <st1:country-region><st1:place>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>
 in 1967. Two of John Bruce&#8217;s great-grandsons wrote in 2003, as part of a
-Royal Canadian Legion competition, the following compositions:
+Royal Canadian Legion competition, the following compositions: </p>
-<center><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&quot;What
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&quot;What
-Remembrance Day Means to Me&quot;
+Remembrance Day Means to Me&quot;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
-<center>by Angus Cairnie, aged 12.
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>by Angus Cairnie, aged 12.</p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The order comes
-from the generals;
+from the generals;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The tanks halt, the
-only sound is from the gulls.
+only sound is from the gulls. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The shells stop,
-the guns are stilled,
+the guns are stilled,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The bombs stop blasting,
-people remember those killed.
+people remember those killed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Memories come,
-unstoppable as a flood,
+unstoppable as a flood,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Weep, weep and free
-the earth of blood,
+the earth of blood,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Tears flow, wash
-away the sadness.
+away the sadness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Thousands died to
-clean the world of badness.
+clean the world of badness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>War is the knife,
-blood is the lives and peace the tourniquet,
+blood is the lives and peace the tourniquet,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Remember, never
-forget and feel the pain as battle lines met.
+forget and feel the pain as battle lines met.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Love peace and
-never let this happen again,
+never let this happen again,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Restrain your anger
-and don&#8217;t unleash again this pain.
+and don&#8217;t unleash again this pain.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Stop the artillery,
-silence the guns.
+silence the guns.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>No need anymore to
-slay the Huns.
+slay the Huns.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Call back the tanks,
-land the planes,
+land the planes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Time to stop the
-advance across the plains.
+advance across the plains.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>We&#8217;ve stopped
-the holocaust,
+the holocaust,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The massive total
-human cost.
+human cost.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The time to mourn
-now is best,
+now is best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>More death than we
-could have guessed.
+could have guessed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>So today is the day
-that we remember.
+that we remember.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Because war can be
-a glowing ember,
+a glowing ember,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>At the thought of
-war we stand aghast,
+war we stand aghast,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>And Remembrance Day
-will always last.
+will always last. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
 <p style='margin-left:2.0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>********************************
+<o:p></o:p></span></p>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&quot;Remembrance
+Day Essay&quot;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
-<center><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&quot;Remembrance
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>by </span>Malcolm
-Day Essay&quot;
+Cairnie, aged 11</p>
-<center><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>by Malcolm
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>A class is sitting in an
-Cairnie, aged 11
-<br><br>            A class is sitting in an
 assembly for Remembrance Day. One kid whispers to another, &quot; What&#8217;s
 this Remembrance Day thing about, anyway?&quot; The other kid replies, &quot; I
-think it&#8217;s something for dead soldiers or something.&quot;
+think it&#8217;s something for dead soldiers or something.&quot;</p>
-<br><br>            True. But that isn&#8217;t
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>True. But that isn&#8217;t
 the half of it. Remembrance Day is a time to remember the brave men in World
 War I and World War II who died fighting against evil and tyranny. Veterans
@@ Line 300: / Line 300: @@
 take away the terrible reality of millions of deaths on both sides, and war is
 equally horrible no matter who wins. Some questions the little kid in the first
-paragraph might ask are:
+paragraph might ask are:</p>
-<br><br>Why do we wear a poppy?
+<p>Why do we wear a poppy?</p>
-<br><br>We wear a poppy to honor dead soldiers. Poppies grew on many men&#8217;s
+<p>We wear a poppy to honor dead soldiers. Poppies grew on many men&#8217;s
-graves so it was adopted as a Remembrance Day symbol.
+graves so it was adopted as a Remembrance Day symbol.</p>
-<br><br>Why do we have a moment of silence?
+<p>Why do we have a moment of silence?</p>
-<br><br>On November 11<sup>th</sup> the peace treaty for World War I was signed. The
+<p>On November 11<sup>th</sup> the peace treaty for World War I was signed. The
 minute the order &#8216;Cease fire&#8217; was given, a silence fell over all.
-Today we use these two minutes to think about peace.
+Today we use these two minutes to think about peace.</p>
-<br><br>Why did these men go to war?
+<p>Why did these men go to war?</p>
-<br><br>There were various reasons. Some went for the salary. Others went for the
+<p>There were various reasons. Some went for the salary. Others went for the
 adventure and excitement. Then some went to be with family and friends. Many
 went to fight for their country and freedom. Whatever the reason, we can be
-sure there are more dead soldiers than veterans.
+sure there are more dead soldiers than veterans. </p>
-<br><br>            War is a gruesome prospect,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>War is a gruesome prospect,
 and we must always try to find a better way. Most minor conflicts can be
 settled by negotiations, but sometimes war is necessary. Whatever any soldier
-does, he or she must only fight for freedom and justice.
+does, he or she must only fight for freedom and justice.</p>
-<br><br>So before you go rampaging off to battle, think. Is there anything else we
+<p>So before you go rampaging off to battle, think. Is there anything else we
 can do to help? Do we have to kill? There is almost always a solution other
-than violence, and it is up to us to find it.
+than violence, and it is up to us to find it.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>IN
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>IN
-THE RANKS</u></b>
+THE RANKS<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>The origins of the 5<sup>th</sup> Seaforths lay in the Sutherland
+<p><i>The origins of the 5<sup>th</sup> Seaforths lay in the Sutherland
 Highland Rifle Volunteers, raised in Sutherland and </i><st1:place><i>Caithness</i></st1:place><i>
 in 1859/60 as part of a country wide enthusiasm for part-time soldiering
 inspired by fears of French invasion. In 1908 the old volunteer force became
 the Territorial Force and the SHRV became the 5<sup>th</sup> (Sutherland and
-Caithness Highland) Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders, TF.</i>
+Caithness Highland) Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders, TF.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>They were mobilised on 4 Aug 14 and together with the 4<sup>th</sup> (</i><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><i>Ross</i></st1:PlaceName><i>
+<p><i>They were mobilised on 4 Aug 14 and together with the 4<sup>th</sup> (</i><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><i>Ross</i></st1:PlaceName><i>
   </i><st1:PlaceName><i>Highland</i></st1:PlaceName></st1:place><i>) and 6<sup>th</sup>
 (Moray) Battalions, Seaforth Highlanders and the 4<sup>th</sup> </i><st1:place><i>Queens</i></st1:place><i>
 Own Cameron Highlanders, from Inverness-shire, they formed the Seaforth and Cameron
-Brigade of the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i> Division.</i>
+Brigade of the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i> Division.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>After a couple of weeks spent improving coastal defences at Cromarty
+<p><i>After a couple of weeks spent improving coastal defences at Cromarty
 (which protected the naval base at Invergordon) the brigade moved with the rest
 of the division to </i><st1:City><st1:place><i>Bedford</i></st1:place></st1:City><i>,
-where they were billeted in private houses.</i>
+where they were billeted in private houses.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>The commitment made by TF soldiers pre-war was to serve for home defence
+<p><i>The commitment made by TF soldiers pre-war was to serve for home defence
 only. On the outbreak of war most men made the additional commitment to serve
 overseas although some, for various reasons (age, business or family
-commitments, etc.), chose not to.</i>
+commitments, etc.), chose not to.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>In Sep 15 a second battalion of the 5<sup>th</sup> Seaforths was formed,
+<p><i>In Sep 15 a second battalion of the 5<sup>th</sup> Seaforths was formed,
 as it was in all TF regiments. The 'first line' battalion - 1/5 Seaforth - at
 Bedford contained men willing to serve overseas; the 'second line' or reserve
 battalion - 2/5 Seaforth - at Golspie consisted of men who had not signed the
 overseas commitment, were not fit for overseas service and recruits surplus to
-the requirements of the first line battalion.</i>
+the requirements of the first line battalion.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>It had always been expected that the TF would require 6 months training
+<p><i>It had always been expected that the TF would require 6 months training
 before being fit for overseas operations. In fact, 1/4 Seaforth went overseas
 in Nov 14 and 1/4 Camerons in Feb 15, being replaced in the brigade by 1/6 and
-/8 Argyll &amp; Sutherland Highlanders.</i>
+/8 Argyll &amp; Sutherland Highlanders.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>TF infantry battalions were, at the outbreak of war, still organised in
+<p><i>TF infantry battalions were, at the outbreak of war, still organised in
 eight companies - an organisation little changed from Napoleonic times. Regular
-battalions had adopted a four company organisation in 1913.</i>
+battalions had adopted a four company organisation in 1913.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Judging by his regimental number (3471) John Bruce Cairnie enlisted in
+<p><i>Judging by his regimental number (3471) John Bruce Cairnie enlisted in
 Sep 14. The popular image of men flocking to the colours on 4 Aug 14 isn't
 really accurate - the peak of recruiting was actually a few weeks after the
@@ Line 377: / Line 377: @@
 pre-war Thurso company) as a Lance Sergeant - this was appointment not a rank. His
 actual rank was Corporal; a Lance appointment was usually a prelude to further
-promotion.</i>
+promotion.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JANUARY
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JANUARY
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>19 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>19 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Company
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Company
 drill from <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time> to <st1:time
 Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time> It would get rather feding up if we had
 much of it. An hour of 'cross-tig' relieved the monotony. In the afternoon,
 bayonet fighting for NCOs, and then a lecture by Sergt-Major. Very busy all
-evening and got up to orderly room by <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="30">11:30</st1:time>.
+evening and got up to orderly room by <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="30">11:30</st1:time>.</p>
-<center><b>20 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>20 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Wakened
 by reveille. Mac lazy as he hadn't been in bed till 2:30 a.m. Route march to
 Turvey, somehow I felt less fit than usual. The company marched well going out,
 but coming in when No. 1 section were leading there was no step in it. 20 men
 on the sick-list this morning, mostly with chest-colds. No cases of measles in
-our Company today, but one death in 'G'.
+our Company today, but one death in 'G'. </p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 Colonel and Maj Sinclair left for a fortnight at home tonight. Still there is
-no word of leave for us.
+no word of leave for us.</p>
-<center><b>21 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>21 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Slept
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Slept
 in this morning and had a bit of a rush. Black was orderly officer and I think
 did ditto as I saw him passing down at 8:30 in very squalid and untidy
 condition. Company drill under Joe Robertson with Ritson in the background and
 a military funeral in the neat ['over the wall' inserted above last phrase].
-Quite cheerful sounds on the pipes.
+Quite cheerful sounds on the pipes. </p>
-<br><br>            It rained all afternoon so
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>It rained all afternoon so
 the NCOs got a lecture from Ritson and Black consisting of reading aloud
 extracts from 'Notes from the Front'. Ritson seems to have a good grasp of
-theory at any rate but too excitable.
+theory at any rate but too excitable.</p>
-<br><br>            Margaret
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Margaret
-and her mother at tea.
+and her mother at tea.</p>
-<br><br>            Mac
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Mac
 got his Corporal strips tonight, dating back to 12th December so he draws a big
 pay. He's chucking things about in the kitchen now. I am writing this in the
-lavvy as Jimmie was in our house in one of his frequent states of fed-up-ness.
+lavvy as Jimmie was in our house in one of his frequent states of fed-up-ness.</p>
-<br><br>            One
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>One
-death in 'A' today, and I believe 2 in 'H' yesterday.
+death in 'A' today, and I believe 2 in 'H' yesterday.</p>
-<center><b>22 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>22 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            There
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>There
 was nearly a mutiny this morning when the men were told to parade with their
 equipment which still wringing wet on. The Adjie wouldn't give in but when half
 the battalion paraded without it he had to send them back for an hour to get
 great coats. Route-march round by Rinhold and Cleat Hill raining most of the
-way. I enjoyed it very much.
+way. I enjoyed it very much.</p>
-<br><br>            Afternoon
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Afternoon
 pay and rations. Lecture from Sergt-Major. He thought this about wet equipment
 - 'a damn good joke'. He insisted on punctuality on parade, which is certainly
-necessary. Our men aren't smart enough yet at turning out.
+necessary. Our men aren't smart enough yet at turning out. </p>
-<br><br>            Mac
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Mac
 sleeping up in Orderly Room tonight as he got a little slap last night because
 Gwyneth had a bad throat - mostly sham I'm thinking. She was alright today and
-Pitman was in her room till after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="30">10:30 p.m.</st1:time>
+Pitman was in her room till after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="30">10:30 p.m.</st1:time></p>
-<center><b>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<center><b>24 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>24 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Went
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Went
 to <st1:City><st1:place>St Paul</st1:place></st1:City>'s Church and <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>English</st1:PlaceName>
   <st1:PlaceType>Church</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> boys. Delighted to get my
@@ Line 458: / Line 458: @@
 Reid and met Davidson McKenzie and Miss Strang. The former isn't such a great
 bug as I used to think him, nor as he thinks himself. No side about the Rev
-Hubert.
+Hubert.</p>
-<center><b>25 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Tonight
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Tonight
 I was on Town-picket - the <st1:Street><st1:address>High St</st1:address></st1:Street>,
-with 4 men of 'B' and had a very good time.
+with 4 men of 'B' and had a very good time.</p>
-<center><b>26 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Platoon
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Platoon
 drill and bayonet fighting this morning with pack and ammunition. Two of 'C'
 Company with about 20 others left this afternoon with ammunition and blankets
 for unknown destination. Everybody much excited and much speculation as to
 where they are going to and what it may mean for the battalion. Rumours of <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Edinburgh</st1:PlaceName>
-  <st1:PlaceType>Castle</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> or <st1:place>Inverness</st1:place>.
+  <st1:PlaceType>Castle</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> or <st1:place>Inverness</st1:place>.</p>
-<br><br>            After
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>After
 afternoon parade I found myself and 2 of 'C' detailed to go on similar duty.
 Russell was picked and Jim Matheson. We paraded in 15 minutes, expecting great
@@ Line 481: / Line 481: @@
 crossroads with orders to stop all cars and take number, etc. This result of
 last Zeppelin raid as the airships are thought to have been guided by cars with
-powerful headlights.
+powerful headlights. </p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 barricaded the road with carts and took turns - 2hours on and 4 hours off. Not
 very exciting and very cold, but more exciting than platoon drill. My first
 experience at sleeping out and none too pleasant, but I think it wouldn't kill
-me.
+me.</p>
-<center><b>27 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
-Kaiser's Birthday - bless 'im!
+Kaiser's Birthday - bless 'im!</p>
-<br><br>            Got
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Got
 into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> at <st1:time Minute="0"
 Hour="9">9 a.m.</st1:time> after rather a smart walk. Slept from 10 to 12 and
@@ Line 500: / Line 500: @@
 didn't tell him where we were, but he had a pretty good ideal all the same. Our
 officers say they heard an airship of some sort over <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City>
-last night but nobody seems to have seen it.
+last night but nobody seems to have seen it. </p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 got out to Cardington at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time> and
 took up our quarters this time at the Pub - The Anchor Inn. It is a very cold
 night and like snow, but Pitman got tea for us here and if it wasn't for the
 skittles we might have a very good time. Tonight we got order to turn back
-every motor car or m. bike, so things are soon interesting.
+every motor car or m. bike, so things are soon interesting.</p>
-<center><b>28 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 took up our positions again at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>.
 I had from 6 to 8 and 12 to 2. A fine night, coldish but dry. The time passed
@@ Line 517: / Line 517: @@
 nerves with his songs or rather his song. He has improved though with the
 change of work and under strenuous conditions might be a keen man. Pitman had
-to sleep by the roadside as he was the only one who knew the password.
+to sleep by the roadside as he was the only one who knew the password. </p>
-<br><br>            No cars were to be turned
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>No cars were to be turned
 back, except officers who hadn't the password. Very little doing - they seem to
-be avoiding the place.
+be avoiding the place.</p>
-<center><b>29 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>29 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Got
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Got
 in to <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> at <st1:time Hour="8"
 Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> and as we got word that our special duty is now at
 an end we had a free day. I was down town in the morning and again on special
 pass at night. Went to 'Grumpy' which was very good. The best thing I have seen
-here so far.
+here so far.</p>
-<center><b>30 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>30 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            I
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>I
 was helping <st1:place>W. Ritson</st1:place> today with the billets as his
 clerk is on leave. I shouldn't care for his job, or his clerk's either. R. can
 be very disagreeable when he wants. In the afternoon I played soccer for 'E' v
 'G'. We beat them 8-1. It wasn't a great match but I was delighted to be
-playing football once again. I think I must be as fit now as ever I was.
+playing football once again. I think I must be as fit now as ever I was.</p>
-<br><br>            Today
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Today
 the new double company system was inaugurated and henceforth we form, along
 with 'F', the new 'C'. We are all sorry to bid goodbye to the old state of
 affairs, which seemed to work very well, and in which we were all very happy.
 We aren't keen on 'F' as they are a pretty rough and coarse crowd, but no doubt
-will improve on acquaintance.
+will improve on acquaintance.</p>
-<center><b>31 Jan 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>31 Jan 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            I
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>I
 had made up my mind to get a lot of letters written today, but only managed
 three. Church Parade in the morning and we got a good sermon from the Cameron
 chaplain. He always makes an impression and rivets the attention of the men:
 reminds me in voice and manner of Daniel S Calderwood. In the evening I went to
-Corn Exchange Concert but was asleep most of the time.
+Corn Exchange Concert but was asleep most of the time.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>FEBRUARY
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>FEBRUARY
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Paraded
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Paraded
 under company arrangements - company drill and physical exercises in the
 forenoon and musketry in afternoon. I find I have forgotten most of the
 musketry and expect that most of the NCOs are in the same box. I put Davidson
-onto my squad - he was a musketry instructor.
+onto my squad - he was a musketry instructor. </p>
-<br><br>            Ian and I went and had out
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Ian and I went and had out
 photographs taken again and I hope they will be more successful than the last.
 We went to 'Brewster's Millions' with Mrs. Platts. Mac is living up to, if not
 beyond his pay - a very bad habit. His late hours must tell him sooner or later
-and if he doesn't chuck them soon I will speak to Mrs. Platts.
+and if he doesn't chuck them soon I will speak to Mrs. Platts.</p>
-<center><b>02 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Parade
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Parade
 at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="19">7:45</st1:time>. Marched round by Wilden
 Shrubbery and Sevick End with ammunition 120 rounds. Pace very hot and
@@ Line 582: / Line 582: @@
 past Sir Ian Hamilton at Goldington Green. We marched past very well and I hope
 made a good impression. Kept a perfect step from Goldington to <st1:Street><st1:address>Clarendon
-   St</st1:address></st1:Street>.
+   St</st1:address></st1:Street>. </p>
-<br><br>            Soccer match between 'C'
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Soccer match between 'C'
 and 'D' ended 3 all although we had the best of the game. Got a little writing
-done tonight but still have heaps to do.
+done tonight but still have heaps to do.</p>
-<center><b>03 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Parade
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Parade
 at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>, for a concentration route
 march to Sevick Farm. Our company went by Goldington and Water-end. The
@@ Line 596: / Line 596: @@
 some extended order work. No. 1 platoon was in reserve, under George Forbes and
 got wiped out by being too far up and coming under fire in artillery formation.
-I don't think that my section, of 8 men, would have suffered so severely.
+I don't think that my section, of 8 men, would have suffered so severely. </p>
-<br><br>            In the evening we were at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the evening we were at
 Dr. Bell's for dinner and progressive whist. A lovely house and very hospitable
 people; especially as they had never seen a lot of us before. There were 20 of
 us, mostly Englishmen. Bailey and Mac sang. One of the 4th home from the front
-was there. He's not keen on going back.
+was there. He's not keen on going back.</p>
-<center><b>04 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Today
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Today
 I was helping Ritson to pay the billets. This is rather monotonous work, only
 Ritson's arithmetic is occasionally diverting. What neat, clean house most of
 the people keep - 'We're poor but we like to be tidy and comfortable&quot;. R.
 was in better tune today. Mac, Addie and Jim digging drains all day at <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Harrowden</st1:PlaceName>
-  <st1:PlaceType>Range</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, came back dead tired.
+  <st1:PlaceType>Range</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, came back dead tired. </p>
-<br><br>            Jim is trying for a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Jim is trying for a
-commission in one of the Reserve Battalions or more preferably the 5th.
+commission in one of the Reserve Battalions or more preferably the 5th. </p>
-<br><br>            I hear Willie Torrance is
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>I hear Willie Torrance is
-not expected to get better - pneumonia. Am very sorry for his mother.
+not expected to get better - pneumonia. Am very sorry for his mother. </p>
-<br><br>            Got a 'permanent' pass till
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got a 'permanent' pass till
 Tuesday from Ritson and went down town. Had an unsatisfactory evening and will
 not waste another in the same way. Mac is for his first quarter guard tomorrow
-and I have been coaching him. Had a very cheery letter today from Louise.
+and I have been coaching him. Had a very cheery letter today from Louise.</p>
-<center><b>05 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            With
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>With
 Ritson again paying the billets. He bangs into the houses in the most
 unceremonious fashion, but all over today he wasn't unsympathetic. It's when he
 is crossed in the least little detail that he loses his rag: and he can't abide
-to be chaffed.
+to be chaffed. </p>
-<br><br>            Jim Miller who was more
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Jim Miller who was more
 than half tight and was in seeing Nanna, has somewhat raised my hopes of a
 commission, but I don't know I want one. I wonder whether Ritson has not an
 inkling of it and is not trying to get the billeting job shifted onto my
 shoulders. I wouldn't have it at any price. I hear there are 8 vacancies - Jim
-says the Colonel has been speaking to him on the QT.
+says the Colonel has been speaking to him on the QT.</p>
-<center><b>06 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            More
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>More
 billet-paying today. I thought that I was going to have the afternoon off but
 Ritson was anxious to get on with the work, so we on till <st1:time Hour="16"
-Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>
+Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time> </p>
-<br><br>            Then I went down town, had
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Then I went down town, had
 tea and went to the Chums and to the Palace, enjoyed myself in a quiet way. The
 Chums are getting on my nerves: they aren't a bit clever - except for Harold
-Johnson himself. I can't make out whether he is acting a part of not.
+Johnson himself. I can't make out whether he is acting a part of not.</p>
-<center><b>07 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Church
 parade at <st1:time Hour="19" Minute="35">7:35</st1:time> and didn't move off
 till <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="20">8:20</st1:time> - absurd. Sermon quite good
-from the thin man.
+from the thin man. </p>
-<br><br>            Helped Ritson an hour or
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Helped Ritson an hour or
-two with his books and wasted the afternoon reading a novel.
+two with his books and wasted the afternoon reading a novel.</p>
-<br><br>            Wrote
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Wrote
 home after tea, but didn't give them any idea that leave is starting as we may
 be disappointed. Escorted Margaret home on my way to the Corn Exchange Concert.
-I rather like her, but don't know her well enough.
+I rather like her, but don't know her well enough. </p>
-<br><br>            Mac and Gwyneth are
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Mac and Gwyneth are
 downstairs now singing - howling rag tunes and making hideous the Sabbath
-evening.
+evening.</p>
-<center><b>08 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Billeting
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Billeting
 again and got a good deal done in the afternoon. At three Ritson had an
-appointment and that spoiled us.
+appointment and that spoiled us. </p>
-<br><br>            Went down town and examined
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went down town and examined
 Hockliffe's secondhand bookshop: picked up one or two geological book of an
 ancient order. Also A.W. Russell's &quot;World of Life&quot;. Had tea and went
@@ Line 683: / Line 683: @@
 correspondingly good form. Met Scott tonight in <st1:Street><st1:address>High
    St.</st1:address></st1:Street> - of Edin. <st1:place>Battery</st1:place>.
-He's a L/Cpl in the 4th Gordons.
+He's a L/Cpl in the 4th Gordons.</p>
-<center><b>09 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<center><b>10 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Mac
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Mac
 left today for seven days leave. Harcus went too. They were very cheery. Ritson
 and I went down to the station and afterwards to the Empire he standing me in.
-Not bad but rather vulgar.
+Not bad but rather vulgar. </p>
-<br><br>            Weighed myself at the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Weighed myself at the
 station: found I have put on nearly a stone since coming down but that is with
-the kilt instead of trousers. Am now 10st 3 lbs in uniform.
+the kilt instead of trousers. Am now 10st 3 lbs in uniform.</p>
-<center><b>11 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Billets
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Billets
 all day: am beginning to like the work, and also to be very lazy in the
-mornings.
+mornings.</p>
-<br><br>            Along to Mrs. Campion's at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Along to Mrs. Campion's at
 night and played bridge with the girls. They are quite good and I like them. I
-can't stand complicated girls.
+can't stand complicated girls.</p>
-<center><b>12 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>12 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Paid
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Paid
 the last of the billets today and another rummage with Ritson in Hockliffe's
 old books, but didn't get anything. Worked in R's billet in the afternoon,
-arranging the forms. Had a yarn with Mrs. Mortimer.
+arranging the forms. Had a yarn with Mrs. Mortimer. </p>
-<br><br>            Nothing doing at night it
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Nothing doing at night it
-has been very cold all day, and I haven't got decently warmed up once.
+has been very cold all day, and I haven't got decently warmed up once.</p>
-<center><b>13 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>13 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            A
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>A
 wet rotten day with sleet. Slimed [?] in the Orderly Room most of the morning.
 In the afternoon played Ellis at Chess and he wiped me: we are about evenly
-matched - he's probably a little better than me.
+matched - he's probably a little better than me. </p>
-<br><br>            After tea, went to The
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After tea, went to The
-Chums with Ritson - he paying. Programme not bad.
+Chums with Ritson - he paying. Programme not bad. </p>
-<br><br>            The Colonel interviewed a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The Colonel interviewed a
 lot of fellows today, with a view to commissions - in this battalion. He didn't
 take me, which is either a very hopeful sign - or a hopeless one. I think
-Ritson is trying to wangle me in for his present job, but he won't manage it.
+Ritson is trying to wangle me in for his present job, but he won't manage it.</p>
-<center><b>14 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>14 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Muggy
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Muggy
 and wet. Church parade at <st1:time Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>. Got a
 very good sermon from the Cameron chaplain. Got a word from Willie for wearing
-my khaki hosetops on dress parade. Felt ratty at him.
+my khaki hosetops on dress parade. Felt ratty at him. </p>
-<br><br>            Wrote home; and spent
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wrote home; and spent
 afternoon in Ritson's doing company drill with matches. He has the double
 company this week as Joe R is on furlough; and he's nervous about it. Went down
 to Church in the evening but so late. Went to Corn Exchange Concert - quite
-good. A fine soprano, and Blake of the Camerons.
+good. A fine soprano, and Blake of the Camerons.</p>
-<center><b>15 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>15 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Cold
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Cold
 and bright. Battalion moved off at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>
 and marched out about five miles towards Turvey. From there advanced
@@ Line 758: / Line 758: @@
 element, his language too grandiloquent. Some of the fields very soft and
 claggy. Marched about six miles home and arrived at <st1:time Hour="16"
-Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>.
+Minute="30">4:30</st1:time>. </p>
-<br><br>            In orders tonight, extract
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In orders tonight, extract
 from King's Regulations which seems to say we must not shave upper lip -
-whiskers moderate if any.
+whiskers moderate if any. </p>
-<br><br>            Jim had a row with Gwyneth
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Jim had a row with Gwyneth
-and then with Nanna. How absurd we can all be.
+and then with Nanna. How absurd we can all be.</p>
-<center><b>16 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>16 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Another
 magnificent day - the sun is getting quite warm. 'C' marched out to <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>Bromham</st1:PlaceName>
   <st1:PlaceType>Bridge</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and then took up an outpost
@@ Line 778: / Line 778: @@
 than he does. No one fell out but Addie had blistered feet and no doubt there
 are others. Got in at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="15">3:30</st1:time>. Most
-enjoyable and healthy day.
+enjoyable and healthy day. </p>
-<br><br>            Down town in the evening
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Down town in the evening
 for a few necessaries and spent the rest of the time getting my kit packed. I
 don't feel the least bit excited about going home. Jim cooked some haggis and
-it's lying heavy on my stomach now.
+it's lying heavy on my stomach now.</p>
-<center><b>17 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>17 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            It
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>It
 turned out wet today - so wet that the battalion didn't go out. I was glad as I
 had all my things clean and ready for the journey. We left about <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="0">8 o'clock</st1:time> at night, marching down to the station
-in great form and best of spirits.
+in great form and best of spirits.</p>
-<center><b>18 - 24 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>18 - 24 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<center><b>25 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Got
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Got
 into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City> about <st1:time
 Minute="0" Hour="9">9 a.m.</st1:time> Coming up <st1:Street><st1:address>Clarendon
@@ Line 806: / Line 806: @@
 to be much older looking: instead of that he is just the same as when he went
 out. I thought that we would be getting off parade but the Adjie sent for us
-and we had to follow up the Company. Drill in close order all morning.
+and we had to follow up the Company. Drill in close order all morning. </p>
-<br><br>            Afternoon off.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Afternoon off. </p>
-<br><br>            At <st1:time Minute="30"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>At <st1:time Minute="30"
 Hour="16">4:30</st1:time> parade for outpost duty. We marched out to Stagsden;
 a lovely night , bright moonlight and George and I had plenty to speak about
@@ Line 816: / Line 816: @@
 then withdrawn as the supports. The Colonel came along and said support should
 entrench - which I doubt. Pretty cold waiting about, but a stiff march in
-warmed us up plenty: me nearly asleep on the march, and glad to get to bed.
+warmed us up plenty: me nearly asleep on the march, and glad to get to bed.</p>
-<center><b>26 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Marched
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Marched
 out past the Swan Inn, and fought out to Stagsden. A perfect day. George is
 very keen. Most of the way was through woods with thorny undergrowth. Our
 section finished up with what appeared to me a very knutty piece of strategy,
-but the Adjie galloped up and put half of us out of action.
+but the Adjie galloped up and put half of us out of action. </p>
-<br><br>            Drew 42/7 today for the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Drew 42/7 today for the
 last 2 weeks. Am feeling rather depressed today - no doubt a reaction after
 furlough and even George's presence can't shake it off altogether. Regular fed
-up with the family.
+up with the family.</p>
-<center><b>27 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Laurie
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Laurie
 and I got a swearing from the Adjie today because he saw some of the men
 scratching their faces when they were at attention. He's getting very snotty
-about details, so I suppose we'll have to stiffen up too.
+about details, so I suppose we'll have to stiffen up too. </p>
-<br><br>            Company out in the field
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Company out in the field
 above the Cemetery, practicing bayonet charging against sacks of straw. The
 sacks were set up as an extended line: good fun but not far good as instruction
 went: not enough ground. George was at musketry instruction in Mod. School
-Park, and was pretty fed up with standing about.
+Park, and was pretty fed up with standing about. </p>
-<br><br>            In the afternoon we went to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the afternoon we went to
 Rugby Match, and at night George and Ian and I were down town on pass. We had
 tea in Dudeney &amp; Johnson's; went to the Chums and enjoyed ourselves very
-much. The 'ass' is very like George. Went to the second house of the Empire.
+much. The 'ass' is very like George. Went to the second house of the Empire.</p>
-<center><b>28 Feb 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Feb 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Dreamt
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Dreamt
 last night the Adjie told me he wouldn't recommend me for a commission. I gave
-him a bit of my mind.
+him a bit of my mind. </p>
-<br><br>            Church parade today at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade today at <st1:time
 Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>, to the Baptist Chapel. Quite a good
-sermon on sacrifice: church done up inside like an ice-cream shop.
+sermon on sacrifice: church done up inside like an ice-cream shop. </p>
-<br><br>            After dinner Geo, Ian,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After dinner Geo, Ian,
 Addie and I walked out to the Swan, ordered tea and went on round by Stagsden.
-A perfect day, as clear as any we have had here for a long time.
+A perfect day, as clear as any we have had here for a long time. </p>
-<br><br>Coming back from Stagsden we were hailed by the tract-delivering parson, so
+<p>Coming back from Stagsden we were hailed by the tract-delivering parson, so
 we took to our heels. He wanted us up to tea - judging from his gesticulations,
 so went back and explained and received a few tracts. George wild we couldn't
-accept his invitation, as the daughter seemed 'a peach'.
+accept his invitation, as the daughter seemed 'a peach'. </p>
-<br><br>            Tea at the Swan: the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Tea at the Swan: the
 landlord rather unpleasant about tossing. Walked home: Geo. sent Addie
-sprawling.
+sprawling.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>MARCH
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>MARCH
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Started running drill at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Started running drill at <st1:time
 Minute="15" Hour="19">7:15</st1:time> this morning, the Sergeant-Major leading.
 Going on parade at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="45">8:45</st1:time>, Capt Ritson
@@ Line 884: / Line 884: @@
 commission, and he said M'Intosh in the orderly room would likely be put onto
 it. So that's all right, and I have my pass. Didn't get a lot of billets done
-as there were a lot of mistakes owing to furlough, etc.
+as there were a lot of mistakes owing to furlough, etc.</p>
-<br><br>Went down town at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="30">6:30</st1:time> as arranged
+<p>Went down town at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="30">6:30</st1:time> as arranged
 and saw The Girl from <st1:State><st1:place>Utah</st1:place></st1:State>. It
 was about the best thing I have seen here - certainly the best musical comedy.
 The actresses were pretty, and almost proper. I like Kitty very much: nice and
-quiet.
+quiet.</p>
-<center><b>02 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Running drill at 7:15.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Running drill at 7:15.
 Paying billets with Ritson and Sandy Ross. The latter's services were
 requisitioned in order that the Captain might be saved the labour of writing
-out the amended forms.
+out the amended forms.</p>
-<center><b>03 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            This was to be a divisional
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>This was to be a divisional
 day but turned out wet so we turned in. Had a reading in the office, and a
-short route march in the afternoon round by Oakley and Bromhaw.
+short route march in the afternoon round by Oakley and Bromhaw. </p>
-<br><br>            At night we were hauled out
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>At night we were hauled out
 to a concert nobody wanted to go to. It turned out to be a dancing display by
 some school kids very good in its way but not the sort of meat and drink the Army
 wants. One little girl of 9 was a splendid turn - comic songs, etc. and should
-make her name.
+make her name.</p>
-<center><b>04 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Running drill at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Running drill at <st1:time
 Hour="19" Minute="15">7:15</st1:time> paraded in full marching order at <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="15">8:15</st1:time>. We marched out to Stagsden and from there
@@ Line 919: / Line 919: @@
 th Seaforth were on our immediate right and we got rather boxed up against the
 road which was the left flank boundary. Marched in from Stevington, 'C' company
-next the band. Willie was paying great attention to covering today.
+next the band. Willie was paying great attention to covering today. </p>
-<br><br>            Went down town tonight to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went down town tonight to
 the Picture-drome. Came back early. Gwyneth has had toothache for the last two
-or three days and Mac and George have had to take turns at holding her hand.
+or three days and Mac and George have had to take turns at holding her hand.</p>
-<center><b>05 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Running drill at 7:15.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Running drill at 7:15.
 Battalion parade at <st1:time Minute="15" Hour="9">9:15</st1:time> for
 trenching. We had only to go up above the Cemetery and had a pretty slack day.
 Our squad practised entrenching with the small tools - the first time we have
 used them. The Brigadier was knocking about. We had 35 minutes to cook and eat
-our dinner and were back to work again till after four.
+our dinner and were back to work again till after four. </p>
-<br><br>            After tea I wrote home.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After tea I wrote home.
 George and Ian are both 'out' as regards the house and doubt if they will ever
-smell it again.
+smell it again.</p>
-<center><b>06 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            We had a so-called medical
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We had a so-called medical
 inspection at nine. It consisted of our new M.O. walking briskly along the
 ranks and studying the men's' boots. At 10 we marched up to Clapham park to get
@@ Line 947: / Line 947: @@
 hedge and sat down. He is probably the most unpopular officer in the battalion
 now: he used to be the most popular. 'F' Company vow to school him when we get
-into action.
+into action. </p>
-<br><br>            Jim Miller, Blake and I had
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Jim Miller, Blake and I had
 to parade to the Brigade Office at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="0">3 p.m.</st1:time>
 and interviewed the Brigadier. The Brigadier was quite affable and signed our
-papers.
+papers. </p>
-<br><br>            <st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span><st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>
 played the Highland Division at Rugger this afternoon and got beaten. <st1:City><st1:place>Cambridge</st1:place></st1:City>
 had a very poor team they didn't seem to have played much together, and looked
-rather a rag-a-muffin bunch.
+rather a rag-a-muffin bunch. </p>
-<br><br>            George and Ian on pass
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>George and Ian on pass
-tonight.
+tonight.</p>
-<center><b>07 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church parade at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade at <st1:time
 Minute="20" Hour="8">8:20</st1:time>. Good sermon from the new chaplain. The
 Camerons have already had some casualties. Took Orderly Sergt's work over for
 the day as Laurie was B.O.S. so that I didn't get out of the billeting area.
-Wrote Rob Alexander.
+Wrote Rob Alexander. </p>
-<br><br>            Black and Howie were in to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Black and Howie were in to
-supper.
+supper.</p>
-<center><b>08 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Running drill at 7:15. Very
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Running drill at 7:15. Very
 cold, and snowing slightly. George not on duty yet as he was inoculated on
 Saturday. Company drill was cancelled and battalion went out for a route march
@@ Line 982: / Line 982: @@
 small snow. The buds are on the hedges. The Company marched well today, and
 with a little care on the part of some NCOs - especially Laurie and M'Adie we
-would have a good marching coy.
+would have a good marching coy. </p>
-<br><br>            Dinner at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Dinner at <st1:time
 Hour="15" Minute="0">3 p.m.</st1:time>: afternoon tea in the park and then
 again in 21. 'M' arrived this morning to Ian's discomfiture who was in
 Gwyneth&#8217;s bedroom at the time. He has come from <st1:country-region><st1:place>China</st1:place></st1:country-region>
-to join. It will be interesting to watch developments.
+to join. It will be interesting to watch developments.</p>
-<center><b>09 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Marched out to near
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Marched out to near
 Stagsden and did the same scheme as on Thursday's last. This time we were the
 supports and had a most pleasant cross-country ramble - more like a botanical
-excursion than a sham fight.
+excursion than a sham fight.</p>
-<center><b>10 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Had the parade S_a_ [?]
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had the parade S_a_ [?]
 etc. in good time, having been up at 6. Marched out towards Colmworth and
 division attacked Gordons in direction of in the direction of Milton Ernest.
 When we just beginning - I was with the supports, the Adjie came and ordered me
-to take the pack-ponies to the ammunition column.
+to take the pack-ponies to the ammunition column. </p>
-<br><br>            I managed to catch them up
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>I managed to catch them up
 after about an hours march. Then we stood for several hours on the road, very
 cold. Moved forward and came abreast two batteries in action. No sign of our
 battalion and I believe the commander of the column had quite lost touch with
 most of the infantry including ours The 6th lost touch with the 5th and seem to
-have lost themselves into the bargain.
+have lost themselves into the bargain. </p>
-<br><br>            Had a good march home, fine
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a good march home, fine
-exhilarating weather. Got in after 4, one of the longest days we've had.
+exhilarating weather. Got in after 4, one of the longest days we've had. </p>
-<center><b>11 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            With J. Ritson today,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>With J. Ritson today,
 working all morning in the Orderly Room. Wonder if I'll take as badly to
 laboratory work as I do to office work. In the afternoon we paid some outlying
-billets, in a very lackadaisical state. JJR infects me that way.
+billets, in a very lackadaisical state. JJR infects me that way. </p>
-<br><br>            Had tea in the pavilion
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had tea in the pavilion
 with George and Ian, and Dolly sat and gassed till we were fair fed up. Nanna
-is jealous. Went down town to the Picture-drome.
+is jealous. Went down town to the Picture-drome. </p>
-<br><br>            Hear Major M'Millan told
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Hear Major M'Millan told
 Willie of in the mess last night. Willie gets more unpopular every day.
-M'Millan told him to look out when he got to <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.
+M'Millan told him to look out when he got to <st1:country-region><st1:place>France</st1:place></st1:country-region>.</p>
-<center><b>12 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>12 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Quite a good day, and did
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Quite a good day, and did
 practically no work. I was in the Orderly Room till about 10, then went down
 town and spent the rest of the forenoon looking round the 2nd hand bookshop.
-Didn't see anything good.
+Didn't see anything good. </p>
-<br><br>            After dinner went with
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After dinner went with
 Ritson and Ian to the Bank and was free at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="0">3
-  p.m.</st1:time> Had tea in the pavilion.
+  p.m.</st1:time> Had tea in the pavilion. </p>
-<br><br>            After tea at 21 I wrote
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After tea at 21 I wrote
 home and found my diary a great help. Black was in practising songs tonight and
 has settled on 'My Old Shako'. He hasn't got a voice or a temperament for it
-and woes me playing for him and Gwyneth, I hear they are going to rag Willie.
+and woes me playing for him and Gwyneth, I hear they are going to rag Willie.</p>
-<center><b>13 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>13 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            With Ritson in <st1:Street><st1:address>Foster
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>With Ritson in <st1:Street><st1:address>Foster
    Hill Rd</st1:address></st1:Street> estimating the damage done by the men in
 some of the empty houses. A good deal of damage, much of it apparently wilful,
 but I believe nothing to what has been the case in some of the Morayshire
 billets. Banisters, wainscoting, etc burnt up and marble mantelpieces in
-smithereens, but I didn't see any as bad as that.
+smithereens, but I didn't see any as bad as that. </p>
-<br><br>            Concert at night a great
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Concert at night a great
 success. Black didn't turn up for which I was sincerely thankful. Gwyneth
 surprised me, singing so well. Cowper of the Groat was down for the occasion
 and was quite successful in one or two of his songs, though they were of the
 usual antediluvian order. Willie and Ritson both sang, but very nervous. Willie
-got a good reception. The Sergt-Major danced the Highland Fling.
+got a good reception. The Sergt-Major danced the Highland Fling.</p>
-<center><b>14 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>14 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church parade at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade at <st1:time
 Minute="45" Hour="8">8:45</st1:time>. A new chaplain this morning and he had a
 husky throat. Not nearly so much coughing in Church now. Tea in the pavilion
-relieved the monotony of the day.
+relieved the monotony of the day. </p>
-<br><br>            Went to <st1:City><st1:place>St.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went to <st1:City><st1:place>St.
    Paul</st1:place></st1:City>'s with George at night and were shown into a
-front seat, where our ignorance of the service must have been most apparent.
+front seat, where our ignorance of the service must have been most apparent.</p>
-<center><b>15 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>15 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Went out to Harrowden for
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went out to Harrowden for
 field practices. Fifteen rounds per man at ranges from 600 to 300. Disappearing
 targets up for 35 secs and down for the same. Not very realistic but better
 than ordinary butt-shooting. Very easy to forget adjustment of sights. Our
-detail - with Donnie Dunnet, Poll, Laurie, etc had a long way the best score.
+detail - with Donnie Dunnet, Poll, Laurie, etc had a long way the best score. </p>
-<br><br>            Was down town but nothing
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was down town but nothing
-doing.
+doing.</p>
-<center><b>16 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>16 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Divisional practice today -
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Divisional practice today -
 that of Wednesday 10th revived, with the 6th we held a position E of Milton
 Ernest. Whole 5<sup>th</sup> were out as a screen for the rest of Division.
@@ Line 1,095: / Line 1,095: @@
 almost taken. Not at all a brilliant affair, but very difficult to gauge what
 the results would be in the real thing. Got home on <st1:time Minute="0"
-Hour="16">four o'clock</st1:time>, pretty hungry.
+Hour="16">four o'clock</st1:time>, pretty hungry. </p>
-<br><br>            Went down town at night.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went down town at night.
 Pitman was in tonight saying we are down to move in six weeks time as a
 Division. I say# there have already gone over 2 or 3 Territorial Divisions.
-Hope we are sent to the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>.
+Hope we are sent to the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>.</p>
-<center><b>17 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>17 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Examined some of the empty
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Examined some of the empty
 houses today with Ritson. A good deal of damage done in some cases, but others
 well looked after. Over at the Park for tea. The Battalion went out at 6 for
-night marching, but I went down town, having slight neuralgia.
+night marching, but I went down town, having slight neuralgia.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>COMMISSIONED</u></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>COMMISSIONED<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&nbsp;</u></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>Commissioning in 1915 was a relatively informal affair. Candidates for
+<p><i>Commissioning in 1915 was a relatively informal affair. Candidates for
 regular commissions continued to attend </i><st1:place><i>Sandhurst</i></st1:place><i>,
 but in the case of the Territorial Force and the units of the 'New Armies'
 raised since the outbreak of war, there was no centralised selection or
-training of young officers.</i>
+training of young officers.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>JBC would have applied for a commission on the standard army form and
+<p><i>JBC would have applied for a commission on the standard army form and
 been recommended by </i><st1:place><st1:City><i>Lt</i></st1:City><i> </i><st1:State><i>Col</i></st1:State></st1:place><i>
 Davidson. He would have been required to produce a copy of his birth
@@ Line 1,127: / Line 1,127: @@
 with the </i><st1:place><st1:PlaceType><i>County</i></st1:PlaceType><i> </i><st1:PlaceName><i>Territorial</i></st1:PlaceName></st1:place><i>
 Association in </i><st1:place><i>Caithness</i></st1:place><i> - the group of
-local worthies who oversaw the TF units from their area.</i>
+local worthies who oversaw the TF units from their area.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Once everything was approved, the only formal procedure was the
+<p><i>Once everything was approved, the only formal procedure was the
 announcement of his commissioning in the </i><st1:City><st1:place><i>London</i></st1:place></st1:City><i>
 Gazette. At this point he would have been discharged from the 5<sup>th</sup>
-Seaforth 'in consequence of being appointed to a commission'.</i>
+Seaforth 'in consequence of being appointed to a commission'.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>It was then up to his regiment to train him - and in early 1915 there was
+<p><i>It was then up to his regiment to train him - and in early 1915 there was
 very little knowledge in the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>
-Division of the practicalities of soldiering in </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>.</i>
+Division of the practicalities of soldiering in </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><b>18 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>18 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Was just going on parade
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was just going on parade
 this morning when Ian and Jim Miller came to tell me I had been gazetted.
 Miller and Blake are too. I wasn't a bit glad in fact it almost brought tears
@@ Line 1,147: / Line 1,147: @@
 'civies' which I had taken care to keep by me. Queer it feels to be in them
 again. Spent most of the day about the streets and transferring my things to
-Mrs. Mortimer's where I am to be billeted.
+Mrs. Mortimer's where I am to be billeted. </p>
-<br><br>            Went to lunch at the Mess
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went to lunch at the Mess
 with Ritson, and met most of the officers. It is much more free and easy than I
 had expected. Took a box of cigars up to the office and found Jim Miller
 carting up 4 bottles of Johnnie Walker. He was well screwed, and would have me
 go over to the Mess with him which I did until I found him going in the kitchen
-door, then I made my escape. Am sleeping this last night with George.
+door, then I made my escape. Am sleeping this last night with George.</p>
-<center><b>19 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>19 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast at the Mess and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast at the Mess and
 glad to get decent Scotch porridge and cold milk in my mouth again. Got leave
 to go to <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City> for seven days, so
 am leaving tonight. Spent a wearisome day, unsettled, half in and half out of
-.
+. </p>
-<br><br>            Left by the <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Left by the <st1:time
 Minute="13" Hour="9">9:13</st1:time> with Mowat of the Machine Gun. He is
 engaged to Mary Stewart. Left him at <st1:place>Rugby</st1:place>. The 4th
 Seaforth have been badly cut up, and 4th Camerons also#, so the officers' dance
-which was to be tonight is cancelled.
+which was to be tonight is cancelled.</p>
-<center><b>20 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>20 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>
 :30. Breakfasted at YMCA. Ordered uniform at <st1:City><st1:place>Moore</st1:place></st1:City>,
 Taggert's and then started to hunt for Daisy. Found her (out) after an hour and
-a half's searching.
+a half's searching. </p>
-<br><br>            Met John Budge and had lunch
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Met John Budge and had lunch
 with him at Miss Cranston's. He's a quaint bird but looking more spruce than
-I've seen him.
+I've seen him. </p>
-<br><br>            Got Daisy and Tina in at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got Daisy and Tina in at <st1:time
 Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30</st1:time> and we went to tea together and then they
 saw me off from Queen's St. Arrived Crossgates and found Bessie here: also the
-spring-cleaning.
+spring-cleaning.</p>
-<center><b>21 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>21 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Walked to the Goat Brae
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Walked to the Goat Brae
 with uncle in the forenoon - a blustering day, and a good deal of slushy snow
 on the roads. Uncle is a very good walking companion. Bob came along in the
-afternoon and was surprised find Bessie and me here.
+afternoon and was surprised find Bessie and me here.</p>
-<center><b>22 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>22 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Cycled down to Donibristle
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Cycled down to Donibristle
 Ho. this morning. A lovely soft day, but colder later on. The country side is
 pretty just now and wreaths of snow behind the hedges give it extra colour.
@@ Line 1,204: / Line 1,204: @@
 heard of. Probably another case of false economy. D.W.M. seems well content
 with his lot, and if he gets obedience from the men I should think it is more
-by taking it for granted than by exacting it.
+by taking it for granted than by exacting it. </p>
-<br><br>            Got up to Xgates at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got up to Xgates at <st1:time
 Minute="30" Hour="17">5:30</st1:time>, against a stiff breeze and after reconnoitring
 a few imaginary positions. Went along by car to Lochgelly, with the intention
 of returning again, but didn't. Had two games of chess with Bob - successfully.
+</p>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>23 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<center><b>23 Mar 15</b>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>It has been a muggy day.
-<br><br>            It has been a muggy day.
 Called at Cowdenbeath on my way down and introduced myself to Mr. Bain. Had a
 long yarn with him during which he frequently went beyond my depth. Had a
-longish walk with Uncle in the afternoon.
+longish walk with Uncle in the afternoon.</p>
-<center><b>24 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>24 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Left for <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Left for <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>
 at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="12">12:30</st1:time>. Auntie down seeing me off.
 She has broadened considerably in her views lately. Met Dorothy Middleton as
@@ Line 1,231: / Line 1,231: @@
 and has a very leisurely existence. She took herself home about <st1:time
 Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and I made for the YMCA where I got a room
-for 2/6 consisting of 4 walls, a bed and a bible!
+for 2/6 consisting of 4 walls, a bed and a bible! </p>
-<center><b>25 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Spent the morning looking
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Spent the morning looking
 for a waterproof, and didn't find one. I am a most undecided person when
 hunting for anything like that, and usually start out with no clear idea of
@@ Line 1,243: / Line 1,243: @@
   <st1:PlaceType>Gardens</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> and found Mary Fargie in.
 She is small and fat, with a triple chin and a pretty bad <st1:City><st1:place>Glasgow</st1:place></st1:City>
-accent.
+accent.</p>
-<br><br>            Was at Daisy's at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was at Daisy's at <st1:time
 Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30</st1:time> and we had tea at Miss Rombach's. I paid
 a hurried visit to the tailors and then we proceeded to the King's Theatre
@@ Line 1,252: / Line 1,252: @@
 being in their company, and I couldn't help thinking it might be for the last
 time. I should have liked to tell D. what she has meant to me but Tina was
-there, which was probably just as well.
+there, which was probably just as well.</p>
-<center><b>26 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Got into Euston at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got into Euston at
 breakfast time, which meal I got in a little dingy restaurant with marble
 topped tables and no table cloths. A lot of others there too, quite decently
@@ Line 1,265: / Line 1,265: @@
 and fixed up with D.S. Kitchen to take over my collection if I don't require
 them afterwards. Speaking of Salfeld and Pompekj: he thinks they would both be
-officers in the German Army.
+officers in the German Army. </p>
-<br><br>            Went out to <st1:City><st1:place>Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went out to <st1:City><st1:place>Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>
 and caught Vane just going out. We had tea. Both Vane and Con have the pip, and
 have no fire or keenness left in them. Probably Vane isn't reading enough, and
-yet he has plenty time. The house wasn't in such good order either.
+yet he has plenty time. The house wasn't in such good order either. </p>
-<br><br>            Got a train from St.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got a train from St.
 Pancras about 8 and got into <st1:City><st1:place>Bedford</st1:place></st1:City>
-about 10. Was up till after 12 trying my uniform on.
+about 10. Was up till after 12 trying my uniform on.</p>
-<center><b>27 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Jim Miller was attached to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Jim Miller was attached to
 A, and I to B. &quot;B&quot; was on the miniature range this forenoon and
 practising fire control with landscape targets, so I hadn't any occasion to
 make a fool of myself although I felt one with my trews as wide as a divided
-skirt.
+skirt. </p>
-<br><br>            The afternoon I spent
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The afternoon I spent
 moping about the digs. I was over at 21 for a bit, but George and Ian have gone
-to <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> for the weekend.
+to <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> for the weekend.</p>
-<center><b>28 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church parade at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade at <st1:time
 Minute="20" Hour="9">9:20</st1:time>. I got a loan of Captain Ritson's sporran.
 I had a very bad cough, which I expected would bother me in Church, but I
 managed to suppress it. Mr. Bain, our Chaplain, can't keep the Germans and
 their Kaiser out of his sermons. Mowat, Lybster, was next me and trumpeting
-into my ear.
+into my ear. </p>
-<br><br>            Wrote home in the forenoon
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wrote home in the forenoon
 and after dinner at Platts I went with Ritson and Mortimer for 18 holes of
 golf. It was an ideal day and we had a most enjoyable round. I won by one hole,
@@ Line 1,303: / Line 1,303: @@
 don't know whether I did right or wrong to play but I don't see any harm in it,
 under the circumstances, and this is the only day Mr. Mortimer can get. I like
-him, he's just like a kid out of school.
+him, he's just like a kid out of school.</p>
-<center><b>29 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>29 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another brilliant day.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Another brilliant day.
 Marched out about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> to Oakley and
 then across country to Tithe Farm and Bury Farm. I had charge of 2 platoons in
@@ Line 1,316: / Line 1,316: @@
 the pipers have done. The only thing that spoilt the day was waiting on the
 roadside for 35 minutes for the band to come along. Got in about <st1:time
-Minute="30" Hour="14">2:30</st1:time>.
+Minute="30" Hour="14">2:30</st1:time>. </p>
-<br><br>            Invested in a set of chess,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Invested in a set of chess,
 but don't believe I'll have much time for it. I haven't been able to do any
-reading for some time.
+reading for some time.</p>
-<center><b>30 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>30 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Divisional practice today
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Divisional practice today
 and moved off at <st1:time Minute="35" Hour="8">8:35</st1:time>, so had early
 breakfast. Marched out about 8 miles, with many checks and then lay on the side
@@ Line 1,330: / Line 1,330: @@
 last we advanced, being in reserve to the Argyles. I was with the supports (of
 the reserves) so hadn't much to do: but it's a treat to work with &quot;B&quot;
-Coy.
+Coy. </p>
-<br><br>            The men are keen and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The men are keen and
 tractable and I shall do everything I can to keep them so. The difficulty is to
 draw the happy medium between Harper's laisey-faire [sic] and Willie's nagging
 tactics. We marched home as we came out, with many irritating stops and didn't
 get in until <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> so we were very
-hungry. My face is smarting with the cold and the sun.
+hungry. My face is smarting with the cold and the sun.</p>
-<center><b>&nbsp;</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<center><b>31 Mar 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>31 Mar 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Very warm today - the most
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Very warm today - the most
 summery day we've had yet. Rifle and foot inspection at <st1:time Minute="15"
 Hour="9">9:15</st1:time>. Musketry and handling of arms from 11 to 1 and again
 from 2 to 4. During the latter period I took the company for a short time and
 felt rather nervous. Somehow, they impress me more than 'C' did, partly because
-the NCOs are older and more experienced men.
+the NCOs are older and more experienced men. </p>
-<br><br>            Am getting to know W. A.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Am getting to know W. A.
 M'Donald, as we are the only officers at present with 'B' and I like him, as
-every other body does too.
+every other body does too. </p>
-<br><br>            Had hoped to get some
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had hoped to get some
 letter writing today - to Daisy as I had some cigarettes from her this morning,
-but got none done. Had a game of chess with Ritson, in which he nearly beat me.
+but got none done. Had a game of chess with Ritson, in which he nearly beat me.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>APRIL
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>APRIL
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Was on duty in the butts at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was on duty in the butts at
 Harrowden today along with Corrigal. We left here at <st1:time Hour="8"
 Minute="15">8:15</st1:time>. Fine dry morning. There is still about 8&quot; of
@@ Line 1,370: / Line 1,370: @@
 Got home at <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time> and wrote to
 Daisy. Pills with Blake at night, he is too good for me, but I am very bad. Was
-over at 21 for a little.
+over at 21 for a little. </p>
-<br><br>            Black had No.10 platoon on
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Black had No.10 platoon on
 Brigade inlying picket last night and they were nearly all tight. He wasn't
 quite sober himself I'm told. That's the way to be carrying on just now. No
-wonder we have a bad name.
+wonder we have a bad name.</p>
-<center><b>02 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            A total holiday today.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>A total holiday today.
 Wrote and read in the forenoon. After dinner, Ritson, Mortimer, George and I
 went out, per taxi, to Clapham golf course and had 18 holes. George was fair
@@ Line 1,385: / Line 1,385: @@
 all his old mannerisms. We all had tea in Mrs. Mortimer's, along with Ian and
 Addie and some lady friends of the family. We had quite a jolly night. Mrs.
-Mortimer thinks a lot of George.
+Mortimer thinks a lot of George.</p>
-<center><b>03 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wet today, so the Company
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wet today, so the Company
 didn't parade at all. W.A. M'Donald and I inspected some of the billets, but in
 a very perfunctory way. I was Supernumerary Orderly Officer, J.B. Morrison
@@ Line 1,396: / Line 1,396: @@
 a conscientious cove, although it may have been partly for my benefit. I read
 most of the afternoon, and had to spend from <st1:time Hour="20" Minute="0">8
-  p.m.</st1:time> onward in the orderly room.
+  p.m.</st1:time> onward in the orderly room.</p>
-<center><b>04 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church parade at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade at <st1:time
 Minute="20" Hour="8">8:20</st1:time>. Mr. Bain again: he covered a large field
 in his sermon, from Homer upwards. After dinner at 21, to which place I am half
 thinking of not going back, we went to Biddenham - Capt. Ritson, Mr. Mortimer,
 George and I and had 18 holes. Ritson and I lost by one hole, a very close
-match and very enjoyable. George was in good form. A perfect evening.
+match and very enjoyable. George was in good form. A perfect evening. </p>
-<br><br>            We all had tea and supper
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We all had tea and supper
 in 26. George waited till roll-call. I am very sorry for him, he seems so sick
 of 21, where the gramophone is never quiet, unless it's to give the piano a
-chance.
+chance.</p>
-<center><b>05 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Divisional sports, and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Divisional sports, and
 thank goodness a fair and mild, if not a brilliant day. The sports were in the
 Grammar School grounds and attracted a huge crowd. The crowd, as far as
@@ Line 1,422: / Line 1,422: @@
 had second place, 21 points to 43 of the 8th Argyles. The latter carried off
 most of the heavy events. The dancing was a treat but the presence of three or
-professionals knocked all the amateurs out.
+professionals knocked all the amateurs out. </p>
-<br><br>            After mess sat in the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After mess sat in the
 billet where Mr. and Mrs. Ritson, Mrs. Mortimer and her rather pretty niece
-Miss Monk had foregathered.
+Miss Monk had foregathered.</p>
-<center><b>06 Apr 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Apr 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>Divisional exercise today and a most disagreeable day at that. We marched
+<p>Divisional exercise today and a most disagreeable day at that. We marched
 out the Kempston and Ampthill road and effected a junction with another column
 which was on the Cotton End road in Wilshamstead Wood, from which we turned
@@ Line 1,438: / Line 1,438: @@
 a premature assault which they made. As it was we were in a salient and would
 have been enfiladed, but thought the movement was general. I must be more
-careful in future.
+careful in future. </p>
-<br><br>            &quot;B&quot; Coy's concert
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>&quot;B&quot; Coy's concert
 is on tonight, but I was told off for Brigade Inlying Picquet in Albert
 Terrace. After several attempts to quieten them the men have at last subsided
 and quietness reigns. I suspect they have been throwing lemonade bottles
 through the (closed) windows, but am not certain. I have just had to speak
-pretty plainly to some of them.
+pretty plainly to some of them.</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>GOLSPIE</u></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>GOLSPIE<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>JBC spent the next few weeks at Golspie with the 2/5 Seaforth, during
+<p><i>JBC spent the next few weeks at Golspie with the 2/5 Seaforth, during
-which time he made only one entry in the diary.</i>
+which time he made only one entry in the diary.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>On 11 Apr 15 the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i> Division
+<p><i>On 11 Apr 15 the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i> Division
 was warned to prepare to move to </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>.
 It arrived in </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>
 on 1 May 15 and shortly afterwards was retitled 51<sup>st</sup> (</i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>)
-Division with the brigade became 152<sup>nd</sup> Brigade.</i>
+Division with the brigade became 152<sup>nd</sup> Brigade.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Jim Miller was wounded by shellfire on 19 May and evacuated to </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>UK</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>.</i>
+<p><i>Jim Miller was wounded by shellfire on 19 May and evacuated to </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>UK</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>On 15 Jun 'C' Company, led by Capt Joe Robertson, took part in an attack
+<p><i>On 15 Jun 'C' Company, led by Capt Joe Robertson, took part in an attack
 on German trenches which failed in the face of machine-gun fire and uncut
 barbed wire. 2 officers and 33 other ranks were killed - many others were
 wounded. Among the dead were Sgt Ian M'Millan, Pte George Alexander and 2/Lt
 Donnie Dunnet. Capt Joe Robertson, Capt Joseph Ritson and Lt W A M'Donald were
-among the wounded. </i>
+among the wounded. <o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Sergt-Maj Sutherland and three others won the Distinguished Conduct Medal
+<p><i>Sergt-Maj Sutherland and three others won the Distinguished Conduct Medal
-bringing in the wounded under fire. </i>
+bringing in the wounded under fire. <o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>JBC's diary for 15 Jun simply says</i> 'Battle of Festubert'
+<p><i>JBC's diary for 15 Jun simply says</i> 'Battle of Festubert'</p>
-<br><br><i>Shortly after Festubert JBC's mother received the following letter:</i>
+<p><i>Shortly after Festubert JBC's mother received the following letter:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br>__________________________________________________________________________
+<p>__________________________________________________________________________</p>
-<br><br><u>Private</u>
+<p><u>Private<o:p></o:p></u></p>
-<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>3472 &quot;C&quot; Coy
+<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>3472 &quot;C&quot; Coy</p>
-<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>1<sup>st</sup> 5<sup>th</sup> Sea Hdrs
+<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>1<sup>st</sup> 5<sup>th</sup> Sea Hdrs</p>
-<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>152<sup>nd</sup> Infantry Brig
+<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>152<sup>nd</sup> Infantry Brig</p>
 <p style='margin-left:8.0in'>51<sup>st</sup> (<st1:place>Highland</st1:place>)
-Division
+Division</p>
-<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>B. E. France
+<p style='margin-left:8.0in'>B. E. France</p>
-<br><br>Friday 25 June
+<p>Friday 25 June</p>
-<br><br>Dear Mrs Cairnie,
+<p>Dear Mrs Cairnie,</p>
-<br><br><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                        </span></p>
-<br><br><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                        You all must
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                        </span>You all must
 have got a great shock when the news of our casualties reached Thurso &amp;
 especially when you heard of the loss of the two boys you know <u>so</u> well,
 I can well understand your feelings but I know one gets a great comfort in the
-knowledge that they have died the most noble and honourable deaths.
+knowledge that they have died the most noble and honourable deaths.</p>
-<br><br>            Thurso &amp; Wick have
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Thurso &amp; Wick have
 suffered heavily as a result of the charge which shall never be forgot by any
-of the survivors.
+of the survivors.</p>
-<br><br>            Your parcel for poor George
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Your parcel for poor George
 came here the other day and was handed to me &amp; I saw by the card that I was
 meant to share it, I shared with several of the other boys here &amp; let them
-know who it was for &amp; who it was from.
+know who it was for &amp; who it was from.</p>
-<br><br>            I wrote a short note to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>I wrote a short note to
 Bruce the other day, poor Bruce will feel it terribly as George was always
 speaking about him &amp; the rare times they used to have together especially <s>in</s>
 camp at Reay &amp; I always knew by the way he spoke that they were the best of
 chums. I remember him say not very long ago that he was glad Bruce was not out
-here.
+here.</p>
-<br><br>            I'm not to <s>say</s> give
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>I'm not to <s>say</s> give
 any of the details of the attack as I've begun to hate speaking about it, one
 does not realise what chums really are till after they are gone beyond one's
-reach.
+reach.</p>
-<br><br>            Nothing more at present, hoping
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Nothing more at present, hoping
-this finds everyone in Thurso in good health.
+this finds everyone in Thurso in good health.</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                        Believe me,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                        </span>Believe me,</p>
-<br><br><span style='mso-tab-count:3'>                                    yours
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:3'>                                    </span>yours
-sincerely,
+sincerely,</p>
-<br><br><span style='mso-tab-count:4'>                                                Andrew
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:4'>                                                </span>Andrew
-B Sinclair
+B Sinclair </p>
-<br><br>___________________________________________________________________________
+<p>___________________________________________________________________________</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>TO
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>TO
-</u></b><st1:country-region><st1:place><b><u><span style='font-size:
+</span></u></b><st1:country-region><st1:place><b><u><span style='font-size:
-.5pt'>FRANCE</u></b></st1:place></st1:country-region><b><u><span
+.5pt'>FRANCE</span></u></b></st1:place></st1:country-region><b><u><span
-style='font-size:13.5pt'></u></b>
+style='font-size:13.5pt'><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>After the shock of </i><st1:date Month="6" Day="15" Year="1915"><i>15 Jun
+<p><i>After the shock of </i><st1:date Month="6" Day="15" Year="1915"><i>15 Jun
 </i></st1:date><i>, 1/5 Seaforth remained in the front line until the 25<sup>th</sup>
-when they moved to rest billets at La Gorgue (about20Km east of </i><st1:City><st1:place><i>Lille</i></st1:place></st1:City><i>).</i>
+when they moved to rest billets at La Gorgue (about20Km east of </i><st1:City><st1:place><i>Lille</i></st1:place></st1:City><i>).<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>The need to replace battle casualties and the increasing numbers of
+<p><i>The need to replace battle casualties and the increasing numbers of
 officers required by battalions on active service meant a draft of officers was
 sent out from the 2/5<sup>th</sup> at Golspie. After a farewell dinner in the
 Sutherland Arms Hotel, Brora on the evening of 23 Jun 15 JBC left for </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>
-the next day.</i>
+the next day.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JUNE
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JUNE
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="24"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="24"
-Year="2015"><b>24-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>24-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Barnetson
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Barnetson
 and I left Golspie at <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> Had a
 grand send off, all the officers and men of the battalion coming to the station
@@ Line 1,573: / Line 1,573: @@
 including Bob and Bessie. Left at <st1:time Minute="50" Hour="10">10:50</st1:time>
 for <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City>, having picked up
-Sutherland.
+Sutherland.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="25"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="25"
-Year="2015"><b>25-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>25-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfasted
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Breakfasted
 at the Strand Palace Hotel and after being photographed, at <st1:City><st1:place>Lafayette</st1:place></st1:City>&#8217;s,
 went and met Vane at Piccadilly. He is looking much better after his
@@ Line 1,585: / Line 1,585: @@
 officers. Left Waterloo <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="55">2:55 p.m.</st1:time>,
 and feeling in very good spirits all of us, but I think the women who are left
-behind are bravest of all.
+behind are bravest of all. </p>
-<br><br>            Arrived <st1:place>Southampton</st1:place>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Arrived <st1:place>Southampton</st1:place>
 about <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> and got our business
 done. Leaving tonight late by the Harve packet. A number of civilians crossing
-too.
+too.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="26"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="26"
-Year="2015"><b>26-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>26-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            On
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>On
 deck shortly before <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="8">8 a.m.</st1:time> No land in
 sight, but fine breezy sunny morning. Had breakfast and before we were finished
-we were inside Harve harbour.
+we were inside Harve harbour. </p>
-<br><br>            Char-a-banc up to the Base
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Char-a-banc up to the Base
 Office from which we received orders to proceed <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>
 same afternoon. Had a very enjoyable journey, not much sign of war here, but on
 the quays were piles of barbed wire and large numbers of transport waggons
-parked.
+parked. </p>
-<br><br>            Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Arrived <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>
 about <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30 p.m.</st1:time> and after some
 difficulty found our way to the Hotel Angleterre where we found Nicolson and
 Paterson eating strawberries. Later went out to the Base Depot where we are to
-billet until further orders - in canvas shacks.
+billet until further orders - in canvas shacks.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="27"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="27"
-Year="2015"><b>27-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>27-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            This
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>This
 being Sunday there way nothing very much doing in the way of drill. We went
 down to the town and wandered through the streets, visiting the market which
@@ Line 1,624: / Line 1,624: @@
 attitudes. Had a decent dinner at a restaurant: Hamish inclined to get a bit
 uproarious. Nearly all the shops were shut. Sat in a café on the river front
-for a bit and then took the car out to the camp.
+for a bit and then took the car out to the camp.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="28"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="28"
-Year="2015"><b>28-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>28-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            After
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>After
 breakfast we walked up to the pine wood about a mile along the road for a
 lecture by a young Captain who has evidently been out all winter. On the road,
@@ Line 1,635: / Line 1,635: @@
 were being drilled. The infantry were in some cases drafts newly come out, in
 others details, sick, etc. They were fairly getting it rubbed in and smartened
-up, but it was only for a few hours in the day.
+up, but it was only for a few hours in the day. </p>
-<br><br>            In the evening we went down
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the evening we went down
 to <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>, Finnie playing football
 on the way and generally conducting himself like a young child. Barney and he
@@ Line 1,644: / Line 1,644: @@
 hill on the South? side of the town. It rises almost perpendicularly from the
 side of the river, of which and all the surrounding country especially to the
-West it commands a magnificent view.
+West it commands a magnificent view.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="29"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="29"
-Year="2015"><b>29-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>29-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 same programme today as yesterday but it came on rain so we returned to camp,
 when it cleared up. Harry Lauder's son has joined the camp. In the afternoon we
@@ Line 1,659: / Line 1,659: @@
 news that we are for the road tomorrow. So we had what we thought was to be our
 last civilised dinner - nothing now but bully beef and biscuits - and celebrated
-the occasion by having a good feed.
+the occasion by having a good feed.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="6" Day="30"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="6" Day="30"
-Year="2015"><b>30-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>30-Jun-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Packed
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Packed
 up our stuff, and drew web equipment, etc. from the QM Stores. Left camp at <st1:time
 Minute="0" Hour="17">5 p.m.</st1:time> The train left at <st1:time Hour="19"
 Minute="45">7:45 p.m.</st1:time> On board are several drafts of men and a good
 number of officers. Had a fine view of <st1:City><st1:place>Rouen</st1:place></st1:City>
-when crossing the railway bridge, with the sunset in the background.
+when crossing the railway bridge, with the sunset in the background.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JULY
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>JULY
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="1"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="1"
-Year="2015"><b>01-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>01-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            <s>Didn't
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span><s>Didn't
 sleep very well last night, probably because of certain amount of une</s> Slept
 from <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="22">10</st1:time> to <st1:time Minute="0"
 Hour="8">8 a.m.</st1:time> although the train was jolting and bumping at a
 fearful rate. We got into Bethune in the afternoon and later detrained at La
-Gorgue.
+Gorgue. </p>
-<br><br>            Major Morrison met us three
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Major Morrison met us three
 and conducted us to the transport train where we were entertained to tea by
 Major Sinclair and James Willie - under the greenwood tree. I was surprised to see
@@ Line 1,692: / Line 1,692: @@
 some of Bedfordshire, but the crops are getting pretty high and make the
 country even more difficult. We went on later to the 'Reserve Trenches' in Rue
-Baceanot.
+Baceanot.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="2"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="2"
-Year="2015"><b>02-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>02-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Breakfast
 at 8. The men are up at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30</st1:time> but no
 parades are held. Rifle inspection at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time>.
@@ Line 1,704: / Line 1,704: @@
 latter very well. Went over to 'C' Coy in the forenoon and found Addie,
 Deuchart and the rest wonderfully hearty. We had a tea party in honour of the
-Major's birthday, although I think he supplied most of the eatables.
+Major's birthday, although I think he supplied most of the eatables. </p>
-<br><br>            Before tea I went up to the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Before tea I went up to the
 firing line and had the first experience of being near shrapnel. Up there it is
 very quiet and everybody is very comfortable. The trench is of the nature of a
 redoubt, built of sandbags, over which it is almost certain death to stick your
 head in daylight. The enemy snipers are very good. I found Adam very happy, in
-one of the dug-outs.
+one of the dug-outs.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>IN
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>IN
-THE TRENCHES</u></b>
+THE TRENCHES<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="3"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="3"
-Year="2015"><b>03-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>03-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Some
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Some
 of our batteries were going it strong last night although there was little
 reply to them. They kept us awake a bit. Went up to the fire trench with Major
@@ Line 1,734: / Line 1,734: @@
 we did after dusk and I got my platoon in without difficulty, but of course
 this part is very easy indeed to relieve. We took over and No. 4 Platoon was
-told off to the reserve trenches.
+told off to the reserve trenches.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="4"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="4"
-Year="2015"><b>04-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>04-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            No.
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>No.
 had to furnish visiting patrols and listening patrol as well. I was rather
 afraid of the latter but found it quite a simple affair as we didn't go out
@@ Line 1,746: / Line 1,746: @@
 Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> and slept till six. After breakfast wrote a few
 letters and Adam came along to my dug-out. Am very comfortable. Wrote home in
-the afternoon and slept a bit.
+the afternoon and slept a bit.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="5"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="5"
-Year="2015"><b>05-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>05-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Quite
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Quite
 a quiet day and little doing. Explored the ground just in front of the Sally
 Port for a sniping post along with Major M'Millan. It is a great thing to be
@@ Line 1,757: / Line 1,757: @@
 evening. It promises to be more exciting work. Stayed in Z until after
 stand-to. Nothing much doing. There are 16 Argyle bomb-throwers in Z as well as
-two sections of my own.
+two sections of my own.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="6"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="6"
-Year="2015"><b>06-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>06-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            A
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>A
 fine morning. Had to wait on after stand-to (<st1:time Hour="3" Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time>)
 in case the Briggie comes along. Shaved, breakfasted and to bed. The redoubts
@@ Line 1,772: / Line 1,772: @@
 yards but the splints sang and hummed overhead. I got one wee bit on the leg
 but only a scratch. It is shrapnel that plays the mischief as regards
-splinters.
+splinters. </p>
-<br><br>            At night again the fun
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>At night again the fun
 started but Y got it worst. I don't know how they hadn't some casualties.
 Fortunately a lot of the shells didn't explode - duds. Later the Bosches
@@ Line 1,781: / Line 1,781: @@
 nerve to put my head above the parapet. The Argyles who were with us were a
 great asset. Donnie Morrison is a very useful and willing man. I'm glad to have
-him.
+him.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="7"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="7"
-Year="2015"><b>07-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>07-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Stayed
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Stayed
 in Z Redoubt until after <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="0">seven a.m.</st1:time>
 when I came down to HQ and got shaved. It was a pretty quiet day as far as the
@@ Line 1,793: / Line 1,793: @@
 line but no damage was done. Finlayson took over the redoubts at <st1:time
 Hour="20" Minute="30">8:30 p.m.</st1:time> and I moved<span style='font-family:
-Times'>  my platoon down to the
+Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>  </span></span>my platoon down to the
 parapet opposite HQ. Am now fine and near the dug-out and more in the centre of
 things. Turned in at <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="23">11:30 p.m.</st1:time> so
 as to be able to relieve Finlayson at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time>
 I hear there was pretty heavy firing after I went to bed but never a thing did
-I hear.
+I hear.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="8"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="8"
-Year="2015"><b>08-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>08-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Finlayson
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Finlayson
 called me at <st1:time Hour="3" Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> but as things were
 quiet I didn't get up till after 4. Went round the redoubts, shaved and had
@@ Line 1,810: / Line 1,810: @@
 have been an accident by a couple of Argyle snipers behind, but as another two
 bullets have come into same spot, I am pretty sure it is a German sniper. We
-hunted round behind for him unsuccessfully, but they are devilishly cunning.
+hunted round behind for him unsuccessfully, but they are devilishly cunning. </p>
-<br><br>            Slept in the afternoon, censored
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Slept in the afternoon, censored
 some letters and went along the line to see Addie. I never feel as sad as when
 I see poor old Addie's face. I believe 'C' would put up a desperate fight but
-their spirit is clean gone at present.
+their spirit is clean gone at present. </p>
-<br><br>            Went out on reconnoitring
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went out on reconnoitring
 patrol about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="11">11 a.m.</st1:time> with Sgt J
 Fraser and a man. Were out for at least an hour and a half but didn't see or
@@ Line 1,824: / Line 1,824: @@
 Minute="20" Hour="1">1:20 a.m.</st1:time> The Germans have been sending over
 some big shells today and trench mortars. They are getting onto our new
-communication trench.
+communication trench.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="9"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="9"
-Year="2015"><b>09-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>09-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Wakened
 by Finlayson at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time> All quiet. Some
 trench mortars came over about breakfast time but did no damage. Lay in a
@@ Line 1,835: / Line 1,835: @@
 would come out, but no luck. Shells began to come over so we had to shift. Went
 out with Finnie and C. Serg. Major Miller and got some shell fuses belonging
-behind the lines.
+behind the lines. </p>
-<br><br>            Were relieved at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Were relieved at <st1:time
 Minute="30" Hour="9">9:30</st1:time> by incoming Bde. Nasty jamb getting men in
 as they had far more than us. If the Germans had sent over some well aimed
@@ Line 1,845: / Line 1,845: @@
 creep. The men got tea and were led to their billets. Then we got to ours and
 had a grand supper with fried eggs, etc. in the Café Aux Voyageurs. Turned in at
-<st1:time Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time>
+<st1:time Minute="0" Hour="13">1 p.m.</st1:time></p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="10"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="10"
-Year="2015"><b>10-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>10-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Breakfast
 about <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> - ham and eggs, sausages,
 tea, etc quite a good affair, with Steven D in attendance. Company parade at <st1:time
@@ Line 1,858: / Line 1,858: @@
 in the evening with little Willie. Rather colder today. A few shells falling
 not far away, watched apathetically by the remaining inhabitants from their
-door-steps.
+door-steps.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="11"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="11"
-Year="2015"><b>11-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>11-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Nearly
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Nearly
 slept in. Had to attend bomb school at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time>
 for a few days course, but found the instructor had also overslept. Rather old
@@ Line 1,870: / Line 1,870: @@
 Got home at <st1:time Minute="15" Hour="9">9:15</st1:time> and found letters
 and parcels, including a very nice letter from May and cakes, etc from home.
-Fags from DeCain [?]
+Fags from DeCain [?]</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="12"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="12"
-Year="2015"><b>12-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>12-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Went
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Went
 bombing this morning and threw some live Bethune bombs. Rather nervy work at
 first. Slept and wrote May in the afternoon. Big pile of letter to censor.
-Black and Stalker arrived this afternoon Black to A Coy, Stalker to B.
+Black and Stalker arrived this afternoon Black to A Coy, Stalker to B.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="13"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="13"
-Year="2015"><b>13-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>13-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Put
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Put
 of a lot of rifle grenades - saw a display with trench mortars by Blake -
-horrid affair.
+horrid affair.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="14"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="14"
-Year="2015"><b>14-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>14-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Took
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Took
 my platoon into Estaires for a bath and had one myself, along with Blackie.
 Fine clean feeling afterwards. This is the first hot bath the battalion has had
@@ Line 1,901: / Line 1,901: @@
 Wonder we had no casualties - we are always lucky or is it cautious? Got back
 about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="3">3 a.m.</st1:time>, the latter part being
-dry.
+dry.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="15"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="15"
-Year="2015"><b>15-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>15-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Slept
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Slept
 till dinner time. Went up to relieve the 7th Gordons at night. Trenches seemed
 very strange the first night, getting into them in almost inky darkness.
 Everyone stood to till dawn, as Major M'Millan believes in doing so the first
-night.
+night.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="16"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="16"
-Year="2015"><b>16-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>16-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="17"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="17"
-Year="2015"><b>17-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>17-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="18"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="18"
-Year="2015"><b>18-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>18-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Up
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Up
 at dawn - fine bright morning. Black and I slept spent most of the afternoon
 potting at a German with the periscope rifle but didn't get him. I saw his head
 and shoulders - my first German. Two or three times it struck me this was Sunday,
 but it was hard to remember. It's just like any other day, only the Germans
-usually send over a few more shells than usual.
+usually send over a few more shells than usual. </p>
-<br><br>            In the evening, during
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the evening, during
 Church time at home, I lay and 'imagined' the organ and service. We seem very
-near home.
+near home.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="19"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="19"
-Year="2015"><b>19-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>19-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Another
 grand day and just the usual routine of the trenches. Went out at night with
 L/Cpl Sinclair reconnoitering and was out for 2 hours, looking for disused
 trenches along our front. Got back about 12 and found the Major getting
-anxious.
+anxious.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="20"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="20"
-Year="2015"><b>20-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>20-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Up
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Up
 at 3 and found Blackie waiting for me to make tea which we did. Grand morning.
 After breakfast Finlayson and I took bearings for 3 fixed rifles to sweep roads
 behind German lines. Loopholes are to be built tonight. Both sides were very
 quiet today, the Germans can be seen carrying long poles through their
-trenches.
+trenches. </p>
-<br><br>            Went along to see 'C' Coy
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went along to see 'C' Coy
 tonight. Addie in good form and more cheerful than usual. I hear from the
 sergeants that George was simply splendid and willing to do anything. A lovely
 sunset tonight - great long fiery clouds stretching over the West and overhead
 and giving everything a fine glow. Overhead several aeroplanes - they usually
-come at dawn or in the evening. Turned in about <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="10">10:30</st1:time>.
+come at dawn or in the evening. Turned in about <st1:time Minute="30" Hour="10">10:30</st1:time>.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="21"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="21"
-Year="2015"><b>21-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>21-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="22"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="22"
-Year="2015"><b>22-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>22-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 leave the trenches tonight so most of the day is spent in cleaning up, etc. It
 is always a wearisome day when we are going out as there is no outgoing mail
@@ Line 1,980: / Line 1,980: @@
 Had to stand an hour and a half on the other side Laventie for D Coy which did
 not turn up even then. Were pretty well soaked. We are out this time without a
-single casualty in 'A' Coy.
+single casualty in 'A' Coy.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="23"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="23"
-Year="2015"><b>23-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>23-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rose
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Rose
 and breakfasted about 12 <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="12">midday</st1:time>. Felt
 rather washed out, as if I had been at a dance last night. Allan had a birthday
 party which was a great success, especially the smoking concert which followed.
-Paterson and Dannie were in great form. A perfect, moonlight night.
+Paterson and Dannie were in great form. A perfect, moonlight night.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="24"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="24"
-Year="2015"><b>24-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>24-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Inspection
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Inspection
 by OC at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="10">10 a.m.</st1:time> - rifle inspection.
 He was in better cut today. Went into Merville after that and again after
 dinner. Tried to get a bath but there are only 2 in the town and not
 accessible. The population wash in the river. Had champagne in the Hotel de
-Ville, to celebrate Barnetson's gazette.
+Ville, to celebrate Barnetson's gazette.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="25"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="25"
-Year="2015"><b>25-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>25-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Church
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Church
 Service at headquarters this forenoon. Rev. M'Farlane still hammering away at
 the Kaiser: the sniping pretty rotten. Meeting of officers at Bde HQ in
@@ Line 2,011: / Line 2,011: @@
 to find road to station and did so on the Major's nag. Went to bed at <st1:time
 Hour="20" Minute="30">8:30 p.m.</st1:time>, at least lay down on it, and
-wakened at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> by Steven D.
+wakened at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30</st1:time> by Steven D.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>ON
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>ON
-THE </u></b><st1:place><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SOMME</u></b></st1:place><b><u><span
+THE </span></u></b><st1:place><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SOMME</span></u></b></st1:place><b><u><span
-style='font-size:13.5pt'></u></b>
+style='font-size:13.5pt'><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>In mid July the 51<sup>st</sup> (</i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>)
+<p><i>In mid July the 51<sup>st</sup> (</i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>)
 Division moved to the </i><st1:place><i>Somme</i></st1:place><i> region and
 took over a section of the front line from the French. This was a 'quiet'
 sector where the division could continue to train. 'Quiet' is relative, but in
 the name '</i><st1:place><i>Somme</i></st1:place><i>' carried none of the
-implications that it would gain after the battles of Jul - Nov 1916. </i>
+implications that it would gain after the battles of Jul - Nov 1916. <o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>The battalion remained in this area until late 1916, mostly occupying
+<p><i>The battalion remained in this area until late 1916, mostly occupying
-positions on the River Ancre just north of Albert.</i>
+positions on the River Ancre just north of Albert.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="26"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="26"
-Year="2015"><b>26-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>26-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Marched
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Marched
 to La Gorgue station, leaving Merville about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="5">5
   a.m.</st1:time> It was raining for the first bit but the sun came out and
@@ Line 2,041: / Line 2,041: @@
 the country improving every mile. Arrived Corbie about <st1:time Hour="22"
 Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> and marched 4 miles under a full moon up to the <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>
-- Albert road. Out billets were at Pont Noyelles.
+- Albert road. Out billets were at Pont Noyelles.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="27"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="27"
-Year="2015"><b>27-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>27-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rose
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Rose
 late. Had a bathe in a burn with Black and Finlayson. The water is clean and
 wholesome, quite unlike what we have seen up north. Concert by 'A' and 'B' Coys
 at the Girls Seminary. Piano on the steps at front door and men standing or
-sitting round below the trees. Perfect night.
+sitting round below the trees. Perfect night.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="28"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="28"
-Year="2015"><b>28-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>28-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Reviewed
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Reviewed
 today by General Munro, Commanding 3rd Army. Concert tonight by officers. Great
 success. Finnie sang splendidly. Another perfect night. Conversazione of
 officers afterwards in 'B' Coy headquarters, and one of the men doing
-'Imitations'.
+'Imitations'.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="29"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="29"
-Year="2015"><b>29-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>29-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Drill
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Drill
 in forenoon - handling arms, and also bathing parade. Sun very warm. Lot of
 Kitcheners passed through today. We expected to move today too but cancelled.
-This is a lovely little village.
+This is a lovely little village.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="30"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="30"
-Year="2015"><b>30-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>30-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Handling
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Handling
 of arms and swim in the morning. Marched off at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="17">5
   p.m.</st1:time> for new billets up nearer the firing line. Rather warm to
@@ Line 2,080: / Line 2,080: @@
 soft feet. Got to bed about 12, in an old stable which had been used as <st1:place><st1:PlaceName>French</st1:PlaceName>
   <st1:PlaceType>Hospital</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>. Straw beds and rather
-lively. Rose very itchy.
+lively. Rose very itchy.</p>
-<center><st1:date Month="7" Day="31"
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:date Month="7" Day="31"
-Year="2015"><b>31-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b></b>
+Year="2015"><b>31-Jul-15</b></st1:date><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Difficult
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Difficult
 to get good water here - the stuff we washed in was full of H2S. Hence late
 breakfast. Port wine under the trees in the Chateau garden until some of them
@@ Line 2,093: / Line 2,093: @@
 post on the railway which I took over from a gesticulating Frenchman with the
 aid of an interpreter. Very comfortable little place, especially the quartiers
-du Commandant.
+du Commandant. </p>
-<br><br>            Dined with the latter
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Dined with the latter
 gentleman and 3 regular officers in a shanty below the bridge. My French very
 weak. Went round the post about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time>
 and found everything OK and the men fraternising splendidly with the French
-Johnnies.
+Johnnies.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>AUGUST
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>AUGUST
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>07 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Nothing
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Nothing
 worth noting down in the past week. I have been on this post all the time. We
 did some work during the day - clearing the wood in front of Mound Keep and
 cleaning up the trenches. At night of course the sentries were on and I had to
-make a tour of these with the sergeant.
+make a tour of these with the sergeant. </p>
-<br><br>            The weather has not been
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The weather has not been
 too good - fair amount of rain and drizzle, but I have been very comfortable in
 the hut below the bridge, with first a <st1:City><st1:place>Somerset</st1:place></st1:City>
 and then a Hampshire officer as company. I messed in Authuille along with the
-rest of 'A' and 'B', otherwise I spent all my time here.
+rest of 'A' and 'B', otherwise I spent all my time here. </p>
-<br><br>            Have read 'Captain
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Have read 'Captain
-Maigaret' this week and written a few letters. The time passes very quickly.
+Maigaret' this week and written a few letters. The time passes very quickly.</p>
-<center><b>08 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            A
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>A
 fine quiet day, quite Sunday like. Had a glorious bathe, or rather bath in the
-burn this morning. Afterwards read Study in Scarlet.
+burn this morning. Afterwards read Study in Scarlet. </p>
-<br><br>            Having been living very
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Having been living very
 much in the past, dallying with old memories, but keeping out the later tragic
-ones. Think it's good occasionally to just take a good look back.
+ones. Think it's good occasionally to just take a good look back.</p>
-<center><b>09 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Moist
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Moist
 warm day. Too lazy to do any work or to see that the men did any. Glad we're
 not in the <st1:place>Dardanelles</st1:place>. Have started having rifle
@@ Line 2,140: / Line 2,140: @@
 route to Authuille, making it exactly the same the French had it. Had a very
 heavy downpour of rain tonight and a great deal of vivid blue lightening. It
-was so wet that I didn't visit all the sentries.
+was so wet that I didn't visit all the sentries.</p>
-<center><b>10 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Thick
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Thick
 and misty this morning - no improvement after the thunder. Put the men on to
 clear out the trenches which are rather muddy. Felt more energetic in the
@@ Line 2,150: / Line 2,150: @@
 would be well to continue it always. The Bosches are beginning to send over
 shrapnel occasionally now, and two landed up in the wood tonight not far from
-one of my groups. Probably there is too much movement in the wood.
+one of my groups. Probably there is too much movement in the wood.</p>
-<center><b>11 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Another
 good day. Had a good view of the firing line from trenches on the valley side
 behind us. The Chateau of Thiepval isn't much of a place now. Had some shrapnel
 into Authuille tonight and some of us had a rather narrow shave. Argyles had
 one killed and 1 wounded at the river. A lot of our men there too. We are
-always very lucky.
+always very lucky. </p>
-<br><br>            <st1:country-region><st1:place>Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span><st1:country-region><st1:place>Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>
 has offered peace to <st1:country-region><st1:place>Russia</st1:place></st1:country-region>
 but she has declined. British have taken 1200 yards of trench at Hooge, but it
-will be only a very local and probably extremely costly success.
+will be only a very local and probably extremely costly success.</p>
-<center><b>12 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>12 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Blank</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<br><br>&nbsp;
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<center><b>13 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>13 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 Argyles were relieved by the Indian Cavalry Division. These have been in the
 trenches only about 48 hours since they came out in December. Rather funny to
 see them losing their companies in the darkness and as I couldn't make myself
-understood to them I had a bit of a job.
+understood to them I had a bit of a job.</p>
-<center><b>14 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>14 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 officers of the ICD came round today - half a dozen majors and captains with
 note-books all asking questions. Discovered Leslie who used to be in Chem T
@@ Line 2,192: / Line 2,192: @@
 handed over to an officer of the Iniskillings at <st1:time Hour="18" Minute="0">6
   p.m.</st1:time> I was only sorry I couldn't wait to hear about <st1:country-region><st1:place>India</st1:place></st1:country-region>
-from him. He says 'It's a fine country to go on leave in'.
+from him. He says 'It's a fine country to go on leave in'. </p>
-<br><br>            Battalion formed up in Bois
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Battalion formed up in Bois
 d'Aveluy and when it got dusk, took the road through Albert and got to
 Buire-sur-l'Ancre about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> No
 billets for us officers but it was a fine night, and we got our valises under a
-tree, Blacko and I and were soon asleep.
+tree, Blacko and I and were soon asleep.</p>
-<center><b>15 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>15 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            A
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>A
 fresh awakening this morning: got up about 8 and shaved and washed. Breakfast
 in a hired room, and later on <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>
 got us two nice bedrooms next door to BHQ. The village we are in has not been
 touched by the war, so that we are rid for the time being of the depressing
-sights of roofless houses. The inhabitants are all in situ.
+sights of roofless houses. The inhabitants are all in situ. </p>
-<center><b>16 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>16 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 newly joined subs paraded under the Sergeant-Major in transport lines and
 submitted to public degradation - right turns by numbers. Great indignation,
-especially on Freegard's part.
+especially on Freegard's part.</p>
-<center><b>17 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>17 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Drill
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Drill
 in the forenoon. After tea had a walk by myself up to the main road and back by
 Ribermont. Read Gray's Elegy on the way and much of it that was meaningless
-before was quite clear. Lovely evening.
+before was quite clear. Lovely evening.</p>
-<center><b>18 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>18 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Drill
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Drill
 in the forenoon beside the river and after dinner walked over to Bresle to a
 gas demonstration. In the evening had a stroll up above the village through the
-cornfields.
+cornfields.</p>
-<center><b>19 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>19 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Football
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Football
 match between men and officers tonight but had to stop in the middle as the
-ball burst.
+ball burst.</p>
-<center><b>20 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>20 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>The
 forenoon was spent mostly in spraying respirators and smoke helmets, and also,
 on my part, in packing my valise. Left shortly after <st1:time Minute="0"
 Hour="15">3 p.m.</st1:time> for the trenches. Had to hoof it with full pack,
 and left myself just rather too little time. However the Major and Dunvegan,
-coming behind on horseback were late.
+coming behind on horseback were late. </p>
-<br><br>            Went by Dernancourt to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Went by Dernancourt to
 Moulin du Vivier (Bde H.Q.) and through Albert up to Becourt (Bat. H.Q.) and so
 up to the fire-trench. We are taking over from 'A', 7th Gordons. Had supper and
-a look round the trenches. Turned in till <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time>
+a look round the trenches. Turned in till <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time></p>
-<center><b>21 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>21 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Up
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Up
 at <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and had breakfast. Another look
 round and then started back to Buire where I arrived at 8.30 and had brekker.
@@ Line 2,259: / Line 2,259: @@
 Captn. D. Sutherland, and met the guard coming along with transport. Got into
 the fire trench about <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="16">4 o'clock</st1:time>,
-pretty tired, so turned in.
+pretty tired, so turned in. </p>
-<br><br>            Had a bathe this morning
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a bathe this morning
-and found myself 'lowsy' in the extreme in spite of my mouslin shirt.
+and found myself 'lowsy' in the extreme in spite of my mouslin shirt. </p>
-<center><b>22 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>22 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Had
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Had
 a 'snackie' at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time> Very quiet day,
 which I spent mainly in fitting up a dug-out for myself. I have put up a
 swinging hammock which won't be so likely to harbour vermin and have partially
-latticed the doorway which at present is rather open.
+latticed the doorway which at present is rather open. </p>
-<br><br>            Great draw back to these
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Great draw back to these
 trenches is the lack of proper water supply. All drinking water comes up in
 water carts at night to B.H.Q. and has to be fetched from there in jars,
-bottles, tins, etc, by roundabout way. Same with grub and ammunition.
+bottles, tins, etc, by roundabout way. Same with grub and ammunition.</p>
-<center><b>23 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>23 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            This
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>This
 early breakfast is a good idea and gives a sound basis for beginning the day
 on. Up at <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and spent the morning
@@ Line 2,286: / Line 2,286: @@
 to the fire trench and the dug-outs are mainly in the support line. A platoon
 of <st1:City><st1:place>Kitcheners</st1:place></st1:City> (7<sup>th</sup> Beds)
-is coming up tonight for instruction. Turned in after stand-to.
+is coming up tonight for instruction. Turned in after stand-to.</p>
-<center><b>24 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>24 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Splosh
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Splosh
 wakened me this morning at 4. Evidently there was a mix up last night and he
 was on by himself with the Beds subaltern. I turned out and had a belated
@@ Line 2,297: / Line 2,297: @@
 places there has been some friction between K's and Terriers, but not here. They
 took over all my part of the line after stand-to at <st1:time Hour="20"
-Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> so I withdrew all my men except 4 sentries.
+Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> so I withdrew all my men except 4 sentries.</p>
-<center><b>25 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            It
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>It
 was 5 before I was up this morning owing to some mistake. Another splendid day,
 and very quiet. The Germans have been busy opposite us these last nights and
@@ Line 2,307: / Line 2,307: @@
 top of the hill. We can't see their support trenches but they can see ours and
 down to B.H.Q. as well. In the early morning with the sun behind them they have
-a big advantage in light too, and I wonder they don't do more sniping.
+a big advantage in light too, and I wonder they don't do more sniping. </p>
-<br><br>            Spent most of the forenoon
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Spent most of the forenoon
 in the observation post getting to know their line. Wrote in the afternoon. The
 evenings are short after tea now. Stand-to is about <st1:time Hour="19"
-Minute="30">7.30 p.m.</st1:time>
+Minute="30">7.30 p.m.</st1:time> </p>
-<br><br>            The Russians have had a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The Russians have had a
-naval victory in the <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>Gulf</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName>Riga</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>.
+naval victory in the <st1:place><st1:PlaceType>Gulf</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName>Riga</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>.</p>
-<center><b>26 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 have been sandbagging the parapet for the last few days to keep the chalk from
 falling into the trenches. We have made no loopholes here. <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s
@@ Line 2,325: / Line 2,325: @@
 They were spread over all the line, a section to a platoon. We put one of our
 men to two of theirs for instructional purposes, but I think the instruction
-mostly took the form of tall tales about 'The Orchard'.
+mostly took the form of tall tales about 'The Orchard'. </p>
-<br><br>            I was on all night and had
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>I was on all night and had
 much trouble in keeping some of the men alert. The 8 hour shift is rather long
-I think as there are so many fatigues by day.
+I think as there are so many fatigues by day. </p>
-<br><br>            Splosh singing Harry Lauder
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splosh singing Harry Lauder
-in the Mess. He is rather like D.B. except that he <u>can</u> carry a tune.
+in the Mess. He is rather like D.B. except that he <u>can</u> carry a tune.</p>
-<center><b>27 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Got
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Got
 to bed about <st1:time Hour="5" Minute="0">5 a.m.</st1:time> Rose for breakfast
 at 8, and went back till dinner time. Wrote in afternoon, and made a sketch of
-German lines showing loopholes. Think it may be of some use to the men.
+German lines showing loopholes. Think it may be of some use to the men. </p>
-<br><br>            Another glorious day - not
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Another glorious day - not
 a drop of rain since we came in to trenches. Had a wash and a shave in a bowl:
 also a hunt and got one of each variety so I'm proving. But I'm very itchy.
 Turned in about <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="30">9.30 p.m.</st1:time> Finnie and
-two Beds' officers are on till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>
+two Beds' officers are on till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> </p>
-<br><br>            Splosh got rather a setback
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splosh got rather a setback
 tonight when playing the veteran up among the <st1:place>Queens</st1:place>.
-The Major gave him rather a hard time when he came back.
+The Major gave him rather a hard time when he came back.</p>
-<center><b>28 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Another
 fine day, but rather close. Saw two Huns through the periscope and had a pot at
 them. In the evening started putting up a loophole, which took from 7 till <st1:time
 Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> to finish and it was pouring rain most
 of the time. No. 4 has very good Lance Corpls, only they do too much work
-themselves. Seaman and Skinner helped me with the loophole.
+themselves. Seaman and Skinner helped me with the loophole. </p>
-<br><br>            Soaked through by the time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Soaked through by the time
 were done and the trenches were very bad with water lying in them. Wakened
 Splosh at <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="40">12:40 a.m.</st1:time> and turned in
-after setting my things to dry all round the dugout
+after setting my things to dry all round the dugout</p>
-<center><b>29 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>29 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Had
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Had
 quite a comfortable sleep considering. Got up at breakfast time. The loophole
-is a wee bit low but may do.
+is a wee bit low but may do. </p>
-<br><br>            My pocketbook was brought
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>My pocketbook was brought
 in at <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time> badly mauled, having been
 extricated from the debris we threw down last night. Got the things separated
 out and photos washed, but they won't be quite as good as before. Fortunately
 it was dry and hot this morning so I got most of my things dried. The trenches
-wanted a lot of cleaning up, and require some more thorough method of draining.
+wanted a lot of cleaning up, and require some more thorough method of draining.</p>
-<center><b>30 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>30 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Up
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Up
 at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time>, clear and cold as usually
 in the mornings now. The loophole is a bit improved, but all the wire isn't yet
 cleared away. Artillery tried to get onto a machine gun emplacement, but were
 far out. Evidently the map is not accurate, or else their shooting is very
-poor, and the seldom will send up an observation officer.
+poor, and the seldom will send up an observation officer. </p>
-<br><br>            Black and I on duty at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Black and I on duty at
 night. It was very cold and we stayed in the mess most of the time, alternately
 sleeping and writing. Took occasional turns along the line, and tried to locate
@@ Line 2,394: / Line 2,394: @@
 the lines are much closer elsewhere. Still there must be some explanation of
 these very high mounds they have thrown up. They can't be from any ordinary
-trench work.
+trench work. </p>
-<br><br>            Wee Willie slept in my bed
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wee Willie slept in my bed
 till <st1:time Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> when we all had breakfast,
 and fed also Fishy, Stalk and Nic. Thank goodness they kept off Golspie for
-once.
+once.</p>
-<center><b>31 Aug 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>31 Aug 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rose
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Rose
 for dinner. Very little doing today. Had a few shots through the loophole, but
 the earth has been too damp lately for observation to be easy. Sandbags are at
-an end, so there isn't much work to be done.
+an end, so there isn't much work to be done. </p>
-<br><br>            The Major was testing the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The Major was testing the
 artillery on a point today, and found it took ten minutes for them to open
-fire, which is rather too long.
+fire, which is rather too long. </p>
-<br><br>            'Stand-to' is shortly after
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>'Stand-to' is shortly after
 <st1:time Hour="19" Minute="0">7 p.m.</st1:time> now. It was very quiet last
-night.
+night. </p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SEPTEMBER
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SEPTEMBER
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Wakened
 at <st1:time Minute="0" Hour="4">4 a.m.</st1:time> by Finnie. Cold, clear
 morning. I hadn't been in the fire trench a minute when a boy Graham was shot
@@ Line 2,429: / Line 2,429: @@
 religious about the thought. We buried him at <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="30">10:30</st1:time>,
 in a grave dug by his companions. One of the burying party was hit with
-shrapnel, on the leg, while returning.
+shrapnel, on the leg, while returning. </p>
-<br><br>            In the afternoon the 7th
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the afternoon the 7th
 Gordons officers came up to take over, so we had a large party at tea. It began
 to rain in the afternoon and the trenches were soon in a great muck. It is
 always wearisome waiting for the reliefs, and tonight they didn't arrive till <st1:time
 Hour="23" Minute="30">11:30 p.m.</st1:time> They were too smart to need guides
-so lost their way.
+so lost their way. </p>
-<br><br>            We got down to the foot of
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We got down to the foot of
 hill 106 after plootering through the mud. Some platoons came down the road,
 but I didn't care to take that responsibility. The moon was high by this time,
@@ Line 2,445: / Line 2,445: @@
   a.m.</st1:time> and found <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>
 waiting for us. We subs of 'A' are billeted in the mayor's house and have bed
-between two.
+between two.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>'REST'</u></b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>'REST'<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&nbsp;</u></b>
+<p><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>&#8216;Rest&#8217; for infantry units out of the line was not really an
+<p><i>&#8216;Rest&#8217; for infantry units out of the line was not really an
 accurate description of what happened. It was more a matter of continual
-fatigues in the trenches and rear areas.</i>
+fatigues in the trenches and rear areas.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><b>02 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wakened at <st1:time
 Hour="11" Minute="15">11:15</st1:time> by Ross, who reported breakfast ready.
 Rose with that 'after the ball' feeling which we always have the night after
 coming out. It was drizzling in the forenoon but I went for a wash and a bathe.
-Met Adam who seemed to acquiesce in his engagement.
+Met Adam who seemed to acquiesce in his engagement. </p>
-<br><br>            Had a letter from Daisy re
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a letter from Daisy re
 rose bowl which appears to have given satisfaction. Dinner and tea at <st1:time
 Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> Had a walk up to the high road in the
-twilight.
+twilight.</p>
-<center><b>03 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Parade at <st1:time Hour="9"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Parade at <st1:time Hour="9"
 Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>. Blackie, Finnie and I. We had inspection and
 physical exercises. Rather cold and raw - too cold for a bathe. Football match
@@ Line 2,477: / Line 2,477: @@
 ankle broken. Very wet tonight. Fatigue party of 150 men up at Bouzincourt all
 day, Splosh with them. This is Daisy's wedding day. Long life and happiness to
-her and her husband.
+her and her husband.</p>
-<center><b>04 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            No parade this forenoon as
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>No parade this forenoon as
 another fatigue party of 150 left at <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="0">7 a.m.</st1:time>
 with Finnie etc. Wrote Bob in the garden. It was a fine forenoon, but wind is
-getting cold.
+getting cold. </p>
-<br><br>            Left with party of 200 men
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Left with party of 200 men
 at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="30">5:30 p.m.</st1:time> for Albert. We worked
 on communication trench which leads up to La Boisselle. Line was pretty quiet,
@@ Line 2,492: / Line 2,492: @@
 stray bullets near us. Fortunately it was a grand night, although not too warm.
 We got back at <st1:time Hour="2" Minute="30">2:30 a.m.</st1:time> after a fine
-march.
+march.</p>
-<center><b>05 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Brekker at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Brekker at <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> I though to have a fine quiet Sunday and
 get some letters written, but about 11 o'clock word came that the battn was to
 shift quarters to Henencourt. This necessitated the fatigue party of 300 men
 going in full marching order. We packed up after dinner and left at <st1:time
-Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time>
+Hour="16" Minute="0">4 p.m.</st1:time> </p>
-<br><br>            Arrived at our new billets
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Arrived at our new billets
 after a very warm but short march. The new place isn't nearly so comfortable as
 Buire, but the air is brisker. Finnie and I have a nice room upstairs, with a
 motherly old wife to take an interest in us. Had tea at <st1:time Hour="20"
 Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time>, &quot;and so to bed&quot;. Some pears I carried
-in my haversack today have mucked up my diary, which is rather a humbug.
+in my haversack today have mucked up my diary, which is rather a humbug.</p>
-<center><b>06 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Up at <st1:time Hour="5"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Up at <st1:time Hour="5"
 Minute="30">5:30 a.m.</st1:time> for breakfast and fatigues. Left with 300 men
 and 6 officers for second line trenches between Albert and Bouzincourt. Very
@@ Line 2,521: / Line 2,521: @@
 got back <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30 p.m.</st1:time> The men very
 tired, and not fit to work well. There are far too many fatigues here, and
-always a long march before and after.
+always a long march before and after. </p>
-<br><br>            Had a rest in the afternoon
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a rest in the afternoon
 and after tea wrote and went for a stroll. Singing in B Coys tonight, also a
-case of O.P. Didn't go down.
+case of O.P. Didn't go down.</p>
-<center><b>07 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Lovely day again. I was to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Lovely day again. I was to
 have gone on fatigue this forenoon but it was cancelled so we had a bit of a
 rest, but not altogether undisturbed as there was a 'non-surprise' alarm at <st1:time
 Hour="16" Minute="30">4:30 p.m.</st1:time> The battalion turned out pretty
 smart, even considering they were expecting it; I don't see what good it did -
-so much 'eye-wash' no doubt.
+so much 'eye-wash' no doubt. </p>
-<br><br>            After tea, went for a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After tea, went for a
 stroll up into the corn fields and wrote to May: A glorious sunset. The nights
-are splendid just now.
+are splendid just now.</p>
-<center><b>08 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast at <st1:time
 Hour="6" Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> and left before eight for work on the
 second line defences near Bouzincourt. Capt M'Leod in charge of party. We took
@@ Line 2,549: / Line 2,549: @@
 round. It was a fair scorcher of a day, and we were glad of any shade to be got
 from trees on the wayside, but that was not much. We got in at <st1:time
-Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time>
+Hour="14" Minute="0">2 p.m.</st1:time> </p>
-<br><br>            Spent the afternoon in my
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Spent the afternoon in my
 sleeping bag reading and sleeping. After tea went down to Buire on the Major's
-horse.
+horse.</p>
-<center><b>09 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Splendid day again.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splendid day again.
 Breakfast at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time>, as the fatigue
 part wasn't in till about 3 a.m. Another left at <st1:time Hour="12" Minute="0">noon</st1:time>,
 so dinner was at 11. Many who were on last night were on again today. The men
-are getting footsore.
+are getting footsore. </p>
-<br><br>            Lay in most of the day, as
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Lay in most of the day, as
 I am rather stiff and have a bit of a cold coming on. Worked after tea at
 Fortnum and Mason's accounts with <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>,
 trying to get them squared off but there are several difficulties. We tackled
 it again with the help of the Major after they came back but with no greater
-success. It can only be a very approximate allocation.
+success. It can only be a very approximate allocation.</p>
-<center><b>10 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast at <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> Another splendid day with more air. No
 fatigue today, but had an inspection parade, under platoon arrangements. Some
 of the equipment very badly put on. Rifles are usually well kept with the
-exception of one or two - including Skinnie.
+exception of one or two - including Skinnie. </p>
-<br><br>            Right half company played
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Right half company played
 left half this afternoon, resulting in a win for latter by 1-0. Finnie and I
 played for left half, and Blacko, in a flimsy costume and identity disc played
 for right. There was too much temper in it, especially on old Stewart's part.
 The refereeing was strict to excess. Very good game all the same, and although
-I fell absolutely pegged out I believe it has done my cold good.
+I fell absolutely pegged out I believe it has done my cold good. </p>
-<br><br>            Laurie [?] has gone away
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Laurie [?] has gone away
 with some skin trouble, and don't expect he will come back. Watson away to
-hospital again, this time with his eyes.
+hospital again, this time with his eyes.</p>
-<center>&nbsp;
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'>&nbsp;</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>BACK
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>BACK
-INTO THE LINE</u></b>
+INTO THE LINE<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<center><b>11 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rifle inspection as usual.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Rifle inspection as usual.
 Billets had to be cleaned up in the afternoon: have always to keep nagging at
 this job. Teas at <st1:time Hour="15" Minute="30">3:30</st1:time>. Marched off
-at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> No. 4 platoon leading.
+at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> No. 4 platoon leading. </p>
-<br><br>            The day had been very hot
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The day had been very hot
 but it was a grand evening for marching, although road very dusty. They were
 taking in the harvest along the roadside, and away in the distance beyond
@@ Line 2,610: / Line 2,610: @@
 the top: and beyond the Chateau we had about as far to go again. We were posted
 by about <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 o'clock</st1:time>. Turned in till <st1:time
-Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time>
+Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time></p>
-<center><b>12 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>12 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wakened at <st1:time
 Hour="4" Minute="0">4 a.m.</st1:time> and went on duty with Blackie. Splendid
 morning, the trench especially what is held by No. 4, is in a bad state of
 repair. We vary from about 200 yards to 100 yards from Germans. Pretty quiet
-all day - a few trench mortars on the left.
+all day - a few trench mortars on the left. </p>
-<br><br>            One of the Neats in No. 2
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>One of the Neats in No. 2
 was shot through the head while looking over the parapet through his telescope.
-He was always too daring. His brother was very much cut up.
+He was always too daring. His brother was very much cut up. </p>
-<br><br>            We are working one officer
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We are working one officer
 in firing line here, as we have a small frontage. I was on at night from 10 to
-so had a decent sleep.
+so had a decent sleep.</p>
-<center><b>13 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>13 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast was a bit late as
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast was a bit late as
 'C' Coy is not strong enough for all the fatigues. Poor old 'C' they don't get
-much consideration - some think too much including Howie.
+much consideration - some think too much including Howie. </p>
-<br><br>            Got a fatigue party on to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got a fatigue party on to
 sandbagging the trench. There's a tremendous lot of work to be done before the
 trench will be suitable for winter. Carried on in the afternoon, but had to
@@ Line 2,643: / Line 2,643: @@
 in strength till it was like an express train coming up. Sometimes the bombs
 lay for a few seconds but usually they burst immediately they reached the ground.
-They sent over a lot of rifle grenades.
+They sent over a lot of rifle grenades.</p>
-<center><b>14 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>14 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            On duty from 1 to 4 and got
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>On duty from 1 to 4 and got
 in about 10 hours sleep, in spite of Blackie's snoring. No work done on the
 trench this morning. About <st1:time Hour="11" Minute="0">11 o'clock</st1:time>
 the Germans blew up one of our mines and a number of men of the R.E. were
 gassed. One officer and three men or so were done for. Some Argyles who
-assisted at the top of the shaft were the worse of the gas too.
+assisted at the top of the shaft were the worse of the gas too. </p>
-<br><br>            We took over the left
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We took over the left
 sector of the line at <st1:time Hour="16" Minute="0">4 o'clock</st1:time>, changing
 over with 'D' Coy. A lot of trench mortars came over just at that time but did
 no damage. No. 1 platoon lost a Melvich boy at tea-time - shot through the
 parapet and Argyle working party had two killed and 5 wounded at night by a
-trench mortar.
+trench mortar. </p>
-<br><br>            And after all we are just
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>And after all we are just
 holding on and doing no good. Our sentries in the front line are sitting in
 little holes in the parapet, neither observing nor firing and the Germans are
-firing our own mines. Everybody talks in whispers and walks on tiptoe.
+firing our own mines. Everybody talks in whispers and walks on tiptoe.</p>
-<center><b>15 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>15 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Was on duty from <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was on duty from <st1:time
 Hour="0" Minute="0">midnight</st1:time> until six. Sat in the dugout and read
 all the time. Quiet night and no casualties in the Coy. Was round the front
@@ Line 2,675: / Line 2,675: @@
 to start tomorrow - combined movement by the British and French. That explains
 the heavy cannonading we have been hearing for the day or two, to our right and
-left, mainly left. We are evidently not to be in the first push.
+left, mainly left. We are evidently not to be in the first push. </p>
-<br><br>            A bombing party were sent
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>A bombing party were sent
 out tonight to try to jigger up one of the German mines. They threw some bombs
 and got back safely but whether they accomplished anything or not we don't
 know. We had some hefty trench mortars and rifle grenades back by way of
 reaction, some of the <st1:place>Bolton</st1:place> boys got badly shaken but
-nothing worse happened.
+nothing worse happened.</p>
-<center><b>16 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>16 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Sat in the dug out reading
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Sat in the dug out reading
 and writing till <st1:time Hour="5" Minute="0">5a.m.</st1:time> but the
 atmosphere was stifling and the flies a torment, so I had to get out
@@ Line 2,692: / Line 2,692: @@
 posts had 'retired' before a series of mortar bombs and rifle grenades. We
 could see the trench mortars coming quite well with a tail of sparks behind. No
-casualties.
+casualties. </p>
-<br><br>            In the afternoon our
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>In the afternoon our
 artillery bombarded the enemy's trenches and tried to demolish the craters
 between the lines. They fired about 12 huge explosives (2 duds). The company
@@ Line 2,700: / Line 2,700: @@
 short and made a dickens of a mess of our own trench. The result was that we
 had to put on fatigue parties to build up and clear our own trenches after our
-own guns.
+own guns.</p>
-<center><b>17 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>17 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            So hot in the dug-out that
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>So hot in the dug-out that
 I sat outside the door all night, among the rats. Finally lay down and slept
-for an hour. Very quiet all night.
+for an hour. Very quiet all night. </p>
-<br><br>Had to get the trenches cleared up today to hand them over clean, and must
+<p>Had to get the trenches cleared up today to hand them over clean, and must
 say <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s men are getting
 them in a much cleaner state than we did. As usual had a tiresome afternoon,
@@ Line 2,716: / Line 2,716: @@
 and through Albert, and once over the rise we sat down, glad to be out and on
 top of the ground. The men were in good spirits and sang a good deal which is
-unusual at such a time.
+unusual at such a time. </p>
-<br><br>            Arrived Henencourt at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Arrived Henencourt at <st1:time
 Hour="22" Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> fairly well fagged out, and made a
 bee-line for Splosh and Blackie's estaminet where we had a couple of bottles of
-champagne: then a cup of tea as we had sent the cooks on ahead. Then to bed.
+champagne: then a cup of tea as we had sent the cooks on ahead. Then to bed.</p>
-<center><b>18 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>18 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast at 10. At 11
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast at 10. At 11
 marched down to Buire for a wash and a bathe. Very hot and dusty. Had a good
 bathe. Adjourned to the Pharmacie and helped Splosh with a bottle of Bass. Got
 back to Buire at 4 and had dinner - Macconochie, and roasted apples. Nothing
-doing tonight. Had stroll in the moonlight.
+doing tonight. Had stroll in the moonlight.</p>
-<center><b>19 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>19 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another very hot day.
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Another very hot day.
 Orderly officer today, which I discovered only ten minutes before time for
 guard-mounting. Company inspected by C.O. in the afternoon and pronounced very
 good. Don't know what makes them take that badgering tone with the men. Perhaps
 it's modesty, but I think if Davidson told them they had done well in the
-trenches they would think more of themselves and of him too.
+trenches they would think more of themselves and of him too. </p>
-<br><br>            Church parade at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Church parade at <st1:time
 Hour="18" Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time>, Herbert Reid preaching on &quot;This
 Gospel&quot;. I walked back to Millencourt with him. He has opened a dry
@@ Line 2,746: / Line 2,746: @@
 argument with <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City> and Moy Hall
 tonight about God and the War, Marriage, etc. and as a consequence felt very
-restless tonight.
+restless tonight.</p>
-<center><b>20 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>20 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast <st1:time Hour="6"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast <st1:time Hour="6"
 Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time> To Bouzincourt at <st1:time Hour="19" Minute="15">7:15</st1:time>
 with fatigue party. Perfect day with a nip in the air. Large fatigue party out,
@@ Line 2,757: / Line 2,757: @@
 Divisional Transport Officer. Got a few letters written and am now trying to
 square up the Mess accounts but it strikes me that somehow I'm running this on
-my own money.
+my own money.</p>
-<center><b>21 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>21 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Lord Kitchener inspected us
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Lord Kitchener inspected us
 this afternoon before we went into the trenches. He was very red in the face,
 and the fellows said worried looking. We marched straight off after the
@@ Line 2,768: / Line 2,768: @@
 lying across the street. Got into our quarters in the Bois d'Authuille about <st1:time
 Hour="19" Minute="0">7 p.m.</st1:time> Had a late supper as we had some trouble
-with the mess cart.
+with the mess cart.</p>
-<center><b>22 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>22 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast at <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="0">8 a.m.</st1:time> We have a splendid mess with a pergola
 and verandah outside. This is my birthday and a splendid day too. Splosh and I
 made a set of chessmen out of cardboard and had a game. We haven't managed a
-wash today - in fact it has been a very lazy day.
+wash today - in fact it has been a very lazy day. </p>
-<br><br>            My birthday cake hasn't
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>My birthday cake hasn't
 arrived yet and I'm afraid Mother will be much disappointed when she knows.
 Still we managed a first class tea with sardines, queen-cakes, currant buns,
 etc. and later in the evening champagne. We had a fire in the mess and were
-very nice and cozy. Finnie is grubbing with D Coy to be near H.Q.s.
+very nice and cozy. Finnie is grubbing with D Coy to be near H.Q.s.</p>
-<center><b>23 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>23 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rather dull and sultry
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Rather dull and sultry
 today. Nothing doing all day, except smoking and eating sweeties. After tea,
 had to go over to Head Qrs. and see to the digging of some dummy trenches.
 Thunderstorm came on and the men got soaked so they worked hard. The guns have
 been going it strong today, making a great din in the trees and I hear that La
-Boisselle has been heavily bombarded by us.
+Boisselle has been heavily bombarded by us. </p>
-<br><br>            Freegard had a narrow
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Freegard had a narrow
 escape last night. Went out with an Argyle officer to take in a flag which the
 Germans had planted before our line. There was a bomb attached to the stick,
 and it exploded and killed the other officer. Machine guns were turned on them
-then.
+then.</p>
-<center><b>24 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>24 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Still raining this morning:
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Still raining this morning:
 the woods were soaking and the road and paths all turned to mud. After
-breakfast we lit a wood fire in the Mess, and played Bridge till dinner.
+breakfast we lit a wood fire in the Mess, and played Bridge till dinner. </p>
-<br><br>            Was up at the 6th Seaforth
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Was up at the 6th Seaforth
 lines with party in the afternoon but didn't wait. The Brigadier is afraid the
 Germans have gone back as things are very quiet so he wanted Nicolson to take a
@@ Line 2,811: / Line 2,811: @@
 pip-squeaks. They will likely leave a few machine guns in their front trench up
 to the very last. Our guns have been giving it to them very hot all day, and
-the wood has been echoing with the reports.
+the wood has been echoing with the reports. </p>
-<br><br>            Gid and Harper in to tea
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Gid and Harper in to tea
 which was rather a spread with sardines and tomato sauce, apple tarts and seed
-cake.
+cake.</p>
-<center><b>25 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Raining hard all night, and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Raining hard all night, and
 most of the day. Had a fatigue party up to 6th Seaforths, building parapet.
-'Davit' in to dinner and tea. He is always so cheery.
+'Davit' in to dinner and tea. He is always so cheery. </p>
-<br><br>            Sat in all afternoon and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Sat in all afternoon and
 evening with a big wood fire. Our guns have been going strong most of the day
 and the Germans lying dogo mostly. Good news today. We have broken through on
 the North. The Germans here are a bit jumpy, and the 6th gave then a bit rapid
-and a cheer at 'Stand to', which brought a brisk reply.
+and a cheer at 'Stand to', which brought a brisk reply. </p>
-<br><br>            Finished up the evening
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Finished up the evening
 with a great argument in the mess, ending up on evolution which the Major
-strongly opposes.
+strongly opposes.</p>
-<center><b>26 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rather a better day. Got
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Rather a better day. Got
 the dugouts cleaned up. Were relieved at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time>
 and just after my platoon got clear, some pip-squeaks came over and Black's lot
@@ Line 2,841: / Line 2,841: @@
 once we got onto the high road it was grand. Company formed up on the other
 side of Albert. From there we had the pipes, and the moon came up. There's no
-time like the march to billets.
+time like the march to billets.</p>
-<center><b>27 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Got up at about <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got up at about <st1:time
 Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30 a.m.</st1:time> The men were payed in the forenoon,
 getting only 5 Fr. each, with which they were rather dissatisfied. There was a
 good deal of drink going at night and rows in several estaminets. Tube helmet
-parade before dinner.
+parade before dinner.</p>
-<center><b>28 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Cold and raw. Inspection by
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Cold and raw. Inspection by
 new Divisional General (Harper) as <st1:time Hour="14" Minute="30">2:30 p.m.</st1:time>,
 Allason having gone home in bad health. Very cold standing on parade. Short
 route march followed, round by Bresle and Baizieux. Got in to tea about six,
-and had a good spread.
+and had a good spread.</p>
-<center><b>29 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>29 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rather a nasty day. Battn
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Rather a nasty day. Battn
 did an attack on Millencourt. 'A' Coy formed the firing line. Funny that
 although the men have all been under fire they wouldn't get down on their
@@ Line 2,868: / Line 2,868: @@
 all afternoon and at <st1:time Hour="20" Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> was
 detailed to report to Martinsart at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time>
-tomorrow morning.
+tomorrow morning.</p>
-<center><b>30 Sep 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>30 Sep 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Left Henencourt after an
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Left Henencourt after an
 early breakfast for Martinsart, along with Nicolson, to take over at Authuille.
 Howie and Barnetson came over on horseback. Arrived at Authuille via Martinsart
@@ Line 2,881: / Line 2,881: @@
 bedroom with two beds. Black and Splosh have gone over to the post on the
 railway, where there are now two platoons. The other two are in the dug-out
-down below the river bank.
+down below the river bank. </p>
-<br><br>            As we came along by
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>As we came along by
 Bouzincourt this morning we saw a German aeroplane brought down by a Britisher.
 Both occupants were killed. There was an immediate rush for souvenirs, and one
 fellow made off with the machine's 'tail' and though chased by two sentries
-managed to 'make good'.
+managed to 'make good'.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>October
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>October
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Had a very good sleep in
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a very good sleep in
 the cellar. The weather seems to have settled down again to another fine spell.
 Went round to the railway post with the Major after brekker. The Mound Keep is
-much improved, and a lot of new dugouts have been made.
+much improved, and a lot of new dugouts have been made.</p>
-<br><br>            George Murray and Howie put
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>George Murray and Howie put
 a stove into the mess in the afternoon and we are now fortified against the
 cold. The nights are very cold now. Things are very quiet on the line here.
-Practically no shelling and only very few trench mortars up at the Chateau.
+Practically no shelling and only very few trench mortars up at the Chateau.</p>
-<center><b>02 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Splendid morning and had a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splendid morning and had a
 bracing wash in the weir - hands and face only. Went over to MacMahon's post in
 the forenoon. Black and Splosh at breakfast. Steven D in waiting. Splosh
-ordered by the MO to go to bed as he has been badly for several days.
+ordered by the MO to go to bed as he has been badly for several days. </p>
-<br><br>            After dinner we saw a lot
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>After dinner we saw a lot
 of black smoke rising from their direction and it proved to be from the fire
 Splosh had got lit in the shelters below the bridge. The place was burnt out,
@@ Line 2,917: / Line 2,917: @@
 over Splosh and Black were looking very down in the mouth but the Major's
 cheery face soon put them to rights. He wasn't in the least put out about it.
-Blacko lost his greatcoat, magnapole, etc in the conflagration.
+Blacko lost his greatcoat, magnapole, etc in the conflagration.</p>
-<center><b>03 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another lovely day. On
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Another lovely day. On
 fatigue at <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time> with party working
 on drain for water pipe which is to take 2 gallons per man per day to the
@@ Line 2,927: / Line 2,927: @@
 over several times and we had to stop work several times. Shrapnel doesn't seem
 to be much good against them and I have never seen or heard of a plane being
-brought down by it. Dinner was sent up.
+brought down by it. Dinner was sent up. </p>
-<br><br>            Sat in all night playing
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Sat in all night playing
 bridge, etc. I hear today that the <st1:City><st1:place>Kitchener</st1:place></st1:City>'s
-lot have withdrawn from the Ilo and Dinhollow trenches at La Boisselle.
+lot have withdrawn from the Ilo and Dinhollow trenches at La Boisselle.</p>
-<center><b>04 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Splosh went to hospital
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splosh went to hospital
 this morning so I had to take his place at the bridge and the new officers
 dug-out is a wretched affair. We have decided to have our grub at the Mess.
@@ Line 2,941: / Line 2,941: @@
 probably owing to the hospitals being cleared out for influx of casualties from
 the North. We are now 4 officers short. The draft of men (87) arrived late
-tonight.
+tonight. </p>
-<br><br>            The work at MacMahon's post
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The work at MacMahon's post
 is going ahead but the Brigadier was round today condemning the roofs of the
 dug-outs as not being shell-proof. Fortunately they are the work of the
-Gordons. Heavy bombardment going on to the North.
+Gordons. Heavy bombardment going on to the North.</p>
-<center><b>05 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Had a very good sleep in
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had a very good sleep in
 spite of Blacko's snoring. Wrote in the afternoon in the mess. Wet outside. The
 Court Martial on Dunvegan came off tonight and up to the time I left was 'gey
 dreich' but I understand it livened up considerably towards the end when George
-Murray was well canned.
+Murray was well canned.</p>
-<center><b>06 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Today misty a bit. Made a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Today misty a bit. Made a
 sketch of Berridale Brae. In the evening played bridge and went with Howie and
 Black to hunt rats. Not very successful. Stalker came back tonight from St.
 Omer where he was for machinegun course. Says British are rather downhearted in
 the North at not having done so well as they hoped. But we must and shall win
-in the end, however far away that may be, and however few of us live to see it.
+in the end, however far away that may be, and however few of us live to see it.</p>
-<center><b>07 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Better weather today. Captain
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Better weather today. Captain
 Sutherland comes in every day for dinner which is followed by a game of quoits
 in the back garden. We are always glad to see his cheery face. More rat hunting
 tonight and bridge. French are reported to be going on yet in <st1:State><st1:place>Champagne</st1:place></st1:State>.
-Dreamt last night of killing rats.
+Dreamt last night of killing rats.</p>
-<center><b>08 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Nothing doing today. Bridge
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Nothing doing today. Bridge
 as usual after tea. <s>Stalker came back tonight an</s> Howie, Dunvegan and
 myself had a rat-hunt on our way home as <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time>
-It has to stop now though as too many lights are being seen in the village.
+It has to stop now though as too many lights are being seen in the village.</p>
-<center><b>09 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Thick and misty today. No
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Thick and misty today. No
 news of the fighting today. At the Mound Keep for the forenoon. The dugouts are
 all ready for roofing now if only the corrugated iron would come. The Argyles
@@ Line 2,988: / Line 2,988: @@
 are using very heavy mortars. Fatigue parties of out men were sent up to
 repair, and evidently to the General's satisfaction as he asked to see Sgt Reid
-and L/Cpl Keith both of 'C' Coy, today.
+and L/Cpl Keith both of 'C' Coy, today.</p>
-<center><b>10 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            This turned out to be a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>This turned out to be a
 fine quiet day. We were relieved tonight by the 8th Black Watch, so most of the
 day was spent in tidying up. The Major wouldn't play quoits this afternoon,
 being Sunday. Sat in the dug outs with George M'Kay and Hugh Fraser and others,
-with a roaring fire and had solos from various singers.
+with a roaring fire and had solos from various singers. </p>
-<br><br>            Got a splendid starry night
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Got a splendid starry night
 for marching to billets - the men were in good form and sang most of the way.
 The Germans dropped four shrapnel in Aveluy before we reached it, and put some
@@ Line 3,004: / Line 3,004: @@
 good deal of noise, so I think they had spotted the relief. Got into
 Stenencourt about <st1:time Hour="23" Minute="25">11:25 p.m.</st1:time> Tea was
-issued to the men, along with a tot of rum.
+issued to the men, along with a tot of rum.</p>
-<center><b>11 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast wasn't until
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Breakfast wasn't until
 about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="0">9 a.m.</st1:time> this morning. A pleasant
 day, but a bit heavy. Loafed about forenoon and afternoon. Bridge at night.
 Argument as to why there is an increased % of male children during or after a
-big war. The matter was to be referred to the Doc. but he didn't turn up.
+big war. The matter was to be referred to the Doc. but he didn't turn up.</p>
-<center><b>12 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>12 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Early breakfast and left
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Early breakfast and left
 for Bouzincourt at <st1:time Hour="7" Minute="15">7:15 a.m.</st1:time> Got back
 p.m. Fine day. Dugouts are now being made 13 feet deep with 5 feet headroom
@@ Line 3,026: / Line 3,026: @@
 Morrison came back today from Bray where he has been getting instruction in
 Adjutant's work. George Murray had a few straight words with Thomson, Staff
-Capt.
+Capt.</p>
-<center><b>13 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>13 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Route march round by Bresle
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Route march round by Bresle
 and Brazieux [?] today. Rather close marching and I was glad I had made up my
 pack with my air-pillow instead of with heavier stuff. Jock the Post nearly put
 his fist through it. The autumn tints are on the trees now, and the apples
-still hanging are russet and brown.
+still hanging are russet and brown. </p>
-<br><br>            Game of quoits before tea,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Game of quoits before tea,
 which came on at five with boiled eggs and curried prawns. Splosh got a huge
 parcel tonight which turned out to be 100 parti-coloured sandbags. They are to
 be used for screening the officers' latrine, there being no lack of sandbags
 here now. Finnie has definitely forsaken us for the H.Q. mess. Heavy
-bombardment away to the North.
+bombardment away to the North.</p>
-<center><b>14 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>14 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Another fatigue this
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Another fatigue this
 morning to Bouzincourt, the Major, Howie, Blacko, Freegard and myself. Howie
 and Blackie spent the day in Albert and reappeared in time to march back with
@@ Line 3,051: / Line 3,051: @@
 the occasion with a boiled meat duff. Tea immediately after, and a shave and
 then the Concert at the Chateau. The hits of the evening were topical songs for
-which Splosh was mainly responsible. The Brigadier and the Countess were there.
+which Splosh was mainly responsible. The Brigadier and the Countess were there.</p>
-<center><b>15 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>15 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Field day - attacking
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Field day - attacking
 position other side of Bresle which Finnie and the stretcher bearers had taken
 up. 'A' Coy was to deliver a flank attack but it was rather late. Very misty
 and difficult to see what was going on. Slept all afternoon. Second night of
 the concert wasn't quite so good as first as there was some repetition of last
-night's songs.
+night's songs. </p>
-<br><br>            At <st1:time Hour="23"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>At <st1:time Hour="23"
 Minute="0">11 p.m.</st1:time> the alarm went, without the least warning. No. 4
 Platoon was about the last to turn out. The Adjie was in a screaming and
@@ Line 3,068: / Line 3,068: @@
 about <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="30">12:30 a.m.</st1:time> I hear our battalion
 took the longest to turn out but that was partly owing to the orderlies not
-being able to be found.
+being able to be found. </p>
-<br><br>            One of the Kidds, Brora in
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>One of the Kidds, Brora in
-at tea tonight. He is with the miners at La Boisselle.
+at tea tonight. He is with the miners at La Boisselle.</p>
-<center><b>16 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>16 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Slept in a bit this
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Slept in a bit this
 morning, Capt Morrison, Freegard and self on Court of Inquiry, on man who shot
 his hand in May. The poor beggar came out with the last draft and is being
 tried now. Afternoon I spent in lonesome walk round behind the Chateau woods
-and tried a sketch. Finnie and J.B. Morrison in at tea.
+and tried a sketch. Finnie and J.B. Morrison in at tea.</p>
-<center><b>17 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>17 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Orderly officer and late
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Orderly officer and late
 for guard mounting. Church Parade at <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 a.m.</st1:time>
 Got a very good sermon from a strange padre on 'Wherefore this waste?' Misty
@@ Line 3,089: / Line 3,089: @@
 we enjoyed what there was of it. O.C.'s parade for A and B at <st1:time
 Hour="12" Minute="0">12 noon</st1:time>. More rapid than usual. Rest of the day
-free.
+free. </p>
-<br><br>            Sat round the fire all <span
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Sat round the fire all <span
-style='mso-tab-count:1'>     evening having theological arguments,
+style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span>evening having theological arguments,
 George Murray being especially keen on the 2nd Coming and producing a diagram
 to illustrate his views. We have got an open fireplace put in, and with a big
-wood fire blazing on it we can be very comfortable.
+wood fire blazing on it we can be very comfortable.</p>
-<center><b>18 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>18 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Fatigue to Bouzincourt
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Fatigue to Bouzincourt
 today, reporting time as usual at <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8:30 a.m.</st1:time>
 All the officers went into Albert and had dinner - omelettes, rabbit, etc. The
 Café Aux Voyageurs is run by two or three women, who have to take refuge in the
-cellars during the almost daily shelling.
+cellars during the almost daily shelling.</p>
-<center><b>19 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>19 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Left at <st1:time Hour="6"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Left at <st1:time Hour="6"
 Minute="30">6:30 a.m.</st1:time> for fatigue at Authuille. Cold morning,
 especially in the valley of the Ancre where it was pretty thick. Bulgar and
@@ Line 3,114: / Line 3,114: @@
 to be wild or glad, so were the latter and got back to Henencourt just at
 dinner-time. Capt Sutherland brought some salt fish to the Mess, which we had
-for supper with Dunvegan, Danny, Gerry, etc.
+for supper with Dunvegan, Danny, Gerry, etc.</p>
-<center><b>20 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>20 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Supposed to report at
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Supposed to report at
 Authuille trenches as <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="30">10:30 a.m.</st1:time>
 Splosh, Johnnie Paterson and I left about 9 and sauntered into Albert where we
@@ Line 3,127: / Line 3,127: @@
 cans which produces blood poisoning. The Battn came in about <st1:time Hour="20"
 Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time>, and relief was carried out through very
-expeditiously and without mishap.
+expeditiously and without mishap.</p>
-<center><b>21 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>21 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Mice kept me awake most of
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Mice kept me awake most of
 the night, running over my head, etc. 'A' Coy being in reserve, in <st1:Street><st1:address>Paisley
    Avenue</st1:address></st1:Street>, there isn't much for us to do. The Company
@@ Line 3,138: / Line 3,138: @@
 all the cooking for the battalion is done. Very quiet in the front line. Looks
 as if their trench mortars had been knocked out. Retired to my dugout at <st1:time
-Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and had a blazing coal-fire.
+Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time> and had a blazing coal-fire.</p>
-<center><b>22 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>22 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Very bright today. Dunvegan
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Very bright today. Dunvegan
 came limping down this morning with bad attack of lumbago, and was taken to
 hospital on a stretcher - pity the bearers. I had to go up to 'B' Coy as Allen
@@ Line 3,148: / Line 3,148: @@
 number of trench mortars mixed up with shrapnel - probably to make them keep
 their head down. One mortar got into the trench and did some damage but nobody
-hurt.
+hurt.</p>
-<center><b>23 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>23 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Duty from <st1:time Hour="3"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Duty from <st1:time Hour="3"
 Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> to <st1:time Hour="6" Minute="0">6 a.m.</st1:time>
 Fine night and very quiet. Germans working hard. General Harper round today,
 and made himself very disagreeable. Four light trench mortars and rifle
-grenades today.
+grenades today.</p>
-<center><b>24 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>24 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            There was a ring round the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>There was a ring round the
 moon last night, so I wasn't surprised to find it threatening a break-down this
 morning. It did break down by the afternoon and the trenches were soon muddy.
 Had 4 heavy trench mortars over this morning, 2 duds. Nobody hurt and some wire
-blown down.
+blown down. </p>
-<br><br>            Capt. Sutherland in to tea,
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Capt. Sutherland in to tea,
 and Johnnie Morrison, who left for furlough tonight. Had a sacred concert in
 the Mess, under the baton of George Murra', he being an authority on the psalm
 tunes as well as many other biblical matters. Nasty wet night. Martin left
 tonight too. Leave has been doubled, so I expect to go home on about a month's
-time.
+time.</p>
-<center><b>25 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>25 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Duty <st1:time Hour="3"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Duty <st1:time Hour="3"
 Minute="0">3 a.m. to 6 a.m.</st1:time> It had been raining all night, and
 Bulgar was swearing at the drops of water which were impinging on his physog.
 There was a pool on top of me but fortunately I had an oilskin over my blanket.
 Had to put some chevaux de frise in position and it was rather an awkward job.
-Breakfast wasn't till about 9.
+Breakfast wasn't till about 9. </p>
-<br><br>            Rather a rotten day, my
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Rather a rotten day, my
 feet being wet nearly all the time. Two rifle grenades at <st1:time Hour="18"
 Minute="0">6 p.m.</st1:time> Germans going at their work strong. Suspect they
-are driving a mine towards the salient as we have heard tapping tonight.
+are driving a mine towards the salient as we have heard tapping tonight.</p>
-<center><b>26 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>26 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Cold, bright and windy
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Cold, bright and windy
 morning. A number of trench mortars, mostly small, came over in the morning. In
 the afternoon some 'oil-cans' fell on the right of the 6th Seaforths. Built an
 observation post at the top of Sauchiehall St. The Germans put over a couple of
-T.M.s, as I think they heard us.
+T.M.s, as I think they heard us. </p>
-<br><br>            Some more came over about <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Some more came over about <st1:time
 Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time> in answer to our own TM gun, and some of
 them were fairly heavy. Freegard was hit in the back with a piece that pierced
 through to his shirt. He was bruised a bit, and the Doc sent him to the
 hospital. The Colonel has been in good form most of the day. H.Q. are much more
-affable than used to be the case.
+affable than used to be the case.</p>
-<center><b>27 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>27 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Blank
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Blank</p>
-<center><b>28 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>28 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Wakened this morning with a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Wakened this morning with a
 lot of rain on my bed, and a fair cold in my head. Blacko gave me a tot of rum
 on which I slept to <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="45">8:45</st1:time>. It was very
@@ Line 3,214: / Line 3,214: @@
 Mess except to relieve him for meals so by night I was feeling a bit better.
 Blake and Johnnie P were in to tea and we had the usual feeding of the 5000:
-our problem isn't so much the feeding though as the seating of them.
+our problem isn't so much the feeding though as the seating of them. </p>
-<br><br>            About <st1:time Hour="20"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>About <st1:time Hour="20"
 Minute="0">8 p.m.</st1:time> we heard that one of 'C' Coys dugouts had fallen
 in, and that Addie was buried under it. Thinking it must be about all up with
@@ Line 3,223: / Line 3,223: @@
 his leg and a pretty bad shaking. The Doctor reported no bones broken. We got
 back to the Mess after <st1:time Hour="22" Minute="0">10 p.m.</st1:time> and
-turned in.
+turned in.</p>
-<center><b>29 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>29 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            The 8th Argyles, on our
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The 8th Argyles, on our
 right, got it very hot this morning with oilcans, mortars and whizz-bangs. Dry
 overhead today, but trenches in a bad mess. Saw Addie at the dressing station
-en route for hospital.
+en route for hospital. </p>
-<br><br>            Splosh took out a bombing
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splosh took out a bombing
 party at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time> to bomb a German sap
-out from Hammer Head.
+out from Hammer Head.</p>
-<br><br>            Heard later that the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Heard later that the
 Argyles didn't lose a single man although the Germans put over more than 150
 mortar bombs - 50 of them oil cans, and a lot of whizz-bangs as well. The
 Argyles gave them <i>&quot;Are we downhearted? No!&quot;</i> after the
-fusillade had stopped.
+fusillade had stopped.</p>
-<center><b>30 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>30 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Splosh came in at <st1:time
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Splosh came in at <st1:time
 Hour="0" Minute="45">12:45 a.m.</st1:time> having found nothing in the sap.
 Spent most of the day trying to get a German sniper. Saw about six Germans
-today, some of them in the wood in front of their line.
+today, some of them in the wood in front of their line. </p>
-<br><br>            We were relieved by the
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We were relieved by the
 /7th Gordons. 'B' Coy took the longest to be relieved and it was <st1:time
 Hour="11" Minute="15">11:15</st1:time> before we got to Henencourt. The roads
 were very muddy especially at Authuille. We were all very glad to get out, and
-thanked out lucky stars that we hadn't had a scratch except for Freegard's.
+thanked out lucky stars that we hadn't had a scratch except for Freegard's.</p>
-<center><b>31 Oct 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>31 Oct 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Slept
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Slept
 till <st1:time Hour="10" Minute="0">10 a.m.</st1:time> The people at the
 Mess-room have taken away their stove, so Stephen has to cook in the yard. They
-are very disagreeable. Nasty raw day and no parades of any sort.
+are very disagreeable. Nasty raw day and no parades of any sort. </p>
-<br><br>            Finnie and I rode down to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Finnie and I rode down to
 Warloy, he to get a motor for the Colonel who is going to hospital today with
 Lumbago, and I to see Addie. Not finding him there I went back to Millencourt
 where they told me he had been sent 16 miles down. There are rumours that our
 division may be sent to Servia. One Corps is said to have gone already, and one
-division of our Corps to be under orders. Hope I get my leave first.
+division of our Corps to be under orders. Hope I get my leave first.</p>
-<center><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>November
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>November
-</b>
+<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
-<center><b>01 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>01 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Fatigue
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Fatigue
 to Bouzincourt with Capt. Rutherford, Black, Blake and Finnie. The last has
 been put on fatigues this time. Another rotten day. We all went into Albert at
 lunch time and had a good feed. The men were fairly wet and no coke to dry
 themselves with when they get home, but I suppose they manage always to pinch
-some. 'Dooking apples' and Splosh's Steak and Kidney pudding tonight.
+some. 'Dooking apples' and Splosh's Steak and Kidney pudding tonight.</p>
-<center><b>02 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>02 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            OC's
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>OC's
 (Major Sinclair) parade at 11 a.m. Drizzling rain and very cold and he
 inspected every rifle in the company and didn't find one dirty. Lecture in the
 Chateau at <st1:time Hour="17" Minute="0">5 p.m.</st1:time> by Col Stewart of
 the Division on the attack. Nothing brilliant. Went to bed early. Am reading
-Buchan's History of the War.
+Buchan's History of the War.</p>
-<center><b>03 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>03 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Fatigue
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Fatigue
 at Bouzincourt. The Major, Black and Blake. Bright cold day, it seems to have rained
 itself out last night. It's getting to cold now to loaf about with pleasure,
 and the temptation to drop into Albert is getting stronger. Splosh has been <span
-style='font-family:Times'>            in
+style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>in
-bed the last two days with rheumatism and melancholia.
+bed the last two days with rheumatism and melancholia.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SNIPING
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>SNIPING
-COURSE</u></b>
+COURSE<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<br><br><i>A large number of schools - bombing, sniping, musketry, gas, etc - were
+<p><i>A large number of schools - bombing, sniping, musketry, gas, etc - were
 established in </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>France</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>
 as the war progressed. These made up for the sometimes skimpy training of units
 in </i><st1:country-region><st1:place><i>UK</i></st1:place></st1:country-region><i>,
 disseminated new tactics and, unofficially, provided a break from the trenches
-for officers and men.</i>
+for officers and men.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Sniping was intimately connected with observation. In the battalion
+<p><i>Sniping was intimately connected with observation. In the battalion
 snipers and 'scouts' were usually gathered into one specialised platoon,
 although in the trenches there was little 'scouting' in the sense of mobile
-reconnaissance.</i>
+reconnaissance.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>The primary role of the snipers was (and is) as counter-snipers, i.e. to
+<p><i>The primary role of the snipers was (and is) as counter-snipers, i.e. to
 suppress the enemy's snipers and only then to engage targets of opportunity.
 The static and routine nature of life in the trenches meant that frequently
 visited points (e.g. latrines) could be identified and sniped. Good sniping
-established a moral as much as a military ascendancy over the other side.</i>
+established a moral as much as a military ascendancy over the other side.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<br><br><i>Sniping was something the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>
+<p><i>Sniping was something the </i><st1:place><i>Highland</i></st1:place><i>
 Division prided itself on - with many gamekeepers (and poachers) in the ranks
 this is not surprising. 'Splosh' celebrates the deeds of 'Sniper </i><st1:City><st1:place><i>Sandy</i></st1:place></st1:City><i>'
 (Sgt Alexander M'Donald - KIA Nov 16) with a parody of the popular song 'Sister
-Susie's Sewing Shirts for Soldiers' [text to follow]:</i>
+Susie's Sewing Shirts for Soldiers' [text to follow]:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
-<center><b>04 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>04 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Route
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Route
 march by Millencourt, Aliceville, Bresle and Baizieux. Just after getting back
 I was told to report at Bouzincourt and go by bus to Querrieux for course in
-telescopic sights.
+telescopic sights. </p>
-<br><br>            We had a fine run down in
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We had a fine run down in
 one of these <st1:City><st1:place>London</st1:place></st1:City> buses. There
 were 4 officers - Coats, West and King's Own man and about 12 men. Arrived
@@ Line 3,341: / Line 3,341: @@
 could make out he was hit in the fighting near the village and died in his own
 house. She told us of other 'atrocities' too - her father-in-law, a man of 74
-was mortally wounded while minding his cattle
+was mortally wounded while minding his cattle</p>
-<center><b>05 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>05 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            We
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>We
 started the course at 9 this morning, beginning with a lecture by the sergeant
 and then onto the range. At night had a lecture of 2 hours from Col Lloyd RAMC
 on optics, etc. as applied in telescopes, etc. He is DDMS but has evidently
 shot a lot at Bisley and probably big game too. He is keen on the subject
-anyway, although it is outside his ordinary work.
+anyway, although it is outside his ordinary work. </p>
-<br><br>            We are very well off as
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>We are very well off as
 regards billets. I have a fine bed with clean white sheets and quilt. The Mess
 is first class and we get on very well with Madame and all her relatives
@@ Line 3,358: / Line 3,358: @@
 chance of speaking French. According to the custom, M'mlle Louise's father came
 to fetch her home. The French people here won't sing - not until 'après la
-guerre'. Soldiers can sing, but civilians 'non'.
+guerre'. Soldiers can sing, but civilians 'non'.</p>
-<center><b>06 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>06 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Fine
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Fine
 bright morning and we were shooting all day till about <st1:time Hour="15"
 Minute="30">3:30</st1:time>. Then a lecture on sniping, loopholes, etc from
-Colonel Lloyd himself.
+Colonel Lloyd himself. </p>
-<br><br>            At <st1:time Hour="17"
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>At <st1:time Hour="17"
 Minute="30">5:30</st1:time> the bus left with the men and should have taken us
 too but we got a pass for <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>,
@@ Line 3,377: / Line 3,377: @@
 having chocolate. Very cold run back to Querrieux in the mist. <st1:City><st1:place>Amiens</st1:place></st1:City>
 is in the French area; all traffic is carefully watched. Hear the civilians
-have to clear out of Albert on account of spy-fever.
+have to clear out of Albert on account of spy-fever.</p>
-<center><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>BACK
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><u><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>BACK
-TO THE BATTALION</u></b>
+TO THE BATTALION<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
-<center><b>07 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>07 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Breakfast
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Breakfast
 about <st1:time Hour="9" Minute="30">9:30</st1:time>. Then we began to wonder
 how we would get back to our billets. We started down the road and hadn't gone
@@ Line 3,393: / Line 3,393: @@
 M'Millan is O/C battalion - the Colonel is acting Brigadier and Sinclair in
 hospital. Captn. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City> returned
-this morning.
+this morning. </p>
-<br><br>            Very slow marching to
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Very slow marching to
 Aveluy, 8th Argyles being in front and continually halting. German aeroplane
 over Aveluy, chased by our guns but got away. We thought she must have spotted
 the relief but no shells came over. Relieved the Loyal <st1:place>N Lancs</st1:place>.
 Very little dugout accommodation and had great difficulty in getting the men
-in. General mix up with the machine guns etc.
+in. General mix up with the machine guns etc.</p>
-<center><b>08 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>08 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            On
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>On
 duty till <st1:time Hour="2" Minute="0">2 a.m.</st1:time> when Blacko took
 over. Very quiet. Pretty good day. There is a lot of enfilade fire, day and
 night from both machine guns and rifles. The Germans have a very strong
-position and are steadily pushing forwards their line by means of saps.
+position and are steadily pushing forwards their line by means of saps. </p>
-<br><br>            Geo. Murray has been very
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Geo. Murray has been very
 energetic all day and has had poor Splosh in a ferment all day about his bomb
 stores; and then Splosh lay on his back in the bed instead of on his side - the
-bed being just on the small side for three.
+bed being just on the small side for three. </p>
-<br><br>            Took out a patrol tonight -
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Took out a patrol tonight -
 Morrison, Peat and Bain. Saw what seemed to be a German patrol but they were
-too far away and disappeared.
+too far away and disappeared.</p>
-<center><b>09 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>09 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            Rather
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>Rather
 a raw day and the men were glad to have their goat-skins. The Brigadier came
 back so the Major is back to the Company. The Colonel and Adjutant were round
 this morning playing havoc, and passing on the row they got themselves from the
 Divisional General. The trenches are in a bad state and the fire-step has all
-to be revetted.
+to be revetted. </p>
-<br><br>            Had smokies for tea and
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Had smokies for tea and
-Capt. Sutherland and Dunvegan were in. It has started to rain.
+Capt. Sutherland and Dunvegan were in. It has started to rain.</p>
-<center><b>10 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>10 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>
-<br><br>            On
+<p><span style='font-family:Times'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span></span>On
 duty <st1:time Hour="0" Minute="0">12</st1:time> to <st1:time Hour="3"
 Minute="0">3 a.m.</st1:time> Trenches in a great mess as no provision of any
 sort had been made by the 154th Bde for drainage. Had to use knee boots to get
 along and was up to the knee in places. The men are very wet, especially about
-the feet and their dugouts are about as bad as the trench.
+the feet and their dugouts are about as bad as the trench. </p>
-<br><br>            The whole place is in a
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>The whole place is in a
 rotten state: the people who let it into disrepair should have been made to
 spend the winter in it. It is possible now that it will be our part of the line
@@ Line 3,446: / Line 3,446: @@
 sceptical. The men were working most of the day on the trench - draining it,
 putting in sink pits and cleaning it up but nothing can be done to the dugouts
-as they require a radical gutting out and can be touched only at night.
+as they require a radical gutting out and can be touched only at night. </p>
-<br><br>            They put over a few
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>They put over a few
 high-explosives today, evidently meant for our sap-heads but no damage was
-done. Heavier guns than usual - about 4.7.
+done. Heavier guns than usual - about 4.7. </p>
-<br><br>            Freegard's birthday party. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>
+<p><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>            </span>Freegard's birthday party. <st1:City><st1:place>Murray</st1:place></st1:City>
 made me go over as he is anxious to heal the breach. Blacko out on patrol
-tonight but met nothing. Turned in at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time>
+tonight but met nothing. Turned in at <st1:time Hour="21" Minute="0">9 p.m.</st1:time></p>
-<center><b>11 Nov 15</b>
+<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b>11 Nov 15<o:p></o:p></b></p>