The War and the Workers ("Junius Pamphlet") - Revision history

Bkimberl at 23:00, 7 July 2009

2009-07-07T23:00:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:00, 7 July 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	<p align="right"> [[Main_Page \| WWI Document Archive ]] > [[1916 Documents]] > '''The War and the Workers ("Junius Pamphlet")''' </p><hr>
		+
	<h5>[The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment		<h5>[The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment
	in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement		in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement
Line 927:		Line 929:
	<references/>		<references/>
	<hr>		<hr>
−		+	<p align="right"> [[Main_Page \| WWI Document Archive ]] > [[1916 Documents]] > '''The War and the Workers ("Junius Pamphlet")''' </p><hr>
−	<~~center~~>~~Return to '''~~[[1916 Documents]]'''</center>	+	<center></center>

Hirgen at 23:37, 16 July 2007

2007-07-16T23:37:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:37, 16 July 2007
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	<h4>[The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment	+	<h5>[The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment
	in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement		in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement
	in Europe. Those who had worked for and wholly believed in the		in Europe. Those who had worked for and wholly believed in the
Line 30:		Line 30:
	Sozialdemokratie (Junius-Broschüre)," in Rosa Luxemburg,		Sozialdemokratie (Junius-Broschüre)," in Rosa Luxemburg,
	<i>Politische Schriften</i> (Leipzig, 1970), pp. 229-43, 357-72.		<i>Politische Schriften</i> (Leipzig, 1970), pp. 229-43, 357-72.
−	Translated by Richard S. Levy.]</h4><hr>	+	Translated by Richard S. Levy.]</h5><hr>

	<h3>TEXT</h3>		<h3>TEXT</h3>

Hirgen at 01:27, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T01:27:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:27, 25 May 2007
Line 257:		Line 257:

	Thus spoke our leader, [August] Bebel, during the Reichstag debate		Thus spoke our leader, [August] Bebel, during the Reichstag debate
−	on the Morocco Crisis.<ref>August Bebel (1840-1913), a rarity in the leadership of the European socialist movement, an authentic worker, singlehandedly organized the Marxist branch of the German labor movement in the 1860s and then guided it until his death. The Second Morocco Crisis of 1911 aroused fears of imminent European war. The crisis resolution entailed Germany's recognition of a French protectorate in exchange for a large, relatively worthless strip of French Equatorial Africa. While Britain strongly supported its French ally, Germany had had to back down when its own allies showed clear unwillingness to go to war on behalf of overseas interests. Nationalists at home regarded the outcome as a humiliation, further proof that the kaiser's government was incapable of directing the drive for world power. Leftists saw the crisis as ominous proof of the intentions of militarists and imperialists.</ref~~> </a~~><br><br>	+	on the Morocco Crisis.<ref>August Bebel (1840-1913), a rarity in the leadership of the European socialist movement, an authentic worker, singlehandedly organized the Marxist branch of the German labor movement in the 1860s and then guided it until his death. The Second Morocco Crisis of 1911 aroused fears of imminent European war. The crisis resolution entailed Germany's recognition of a French protectorate in exchange for a large, relatively worthless strip of French Equatorial Africa. While Britain strongly supported its French ally, Germany had had to back down when its own allies showed clear unwillingness to go to war on behalf of overseas interests. Nationalists at home regarded the outcome as a humiliation, further proof that the kaiser's government was incapable of directing the drive for world power. Leftists saw the crisis as ominous proof of the intentions of militarists and imperialists.</ref><br><br>

	<i>Imperialism or Socialism?</i>, the official party pamphlet		<i>Imperialism or Socialism?</i>, the official party pamphlet
Line 304:		Line 304:
	the obligation, according to the resolutions of national		the obligation, according to the resolutions of national
	and international congresses, <i>to act</i> against all		and international congresses, <i>to act</i> against all
−	criminal machinations of the ruling classes.</blockquote~~><br><br~~>	+	criminal machinations of the ruling classes.</blockquote>

	When, in November 1912, the congress of the International met in		When, in November 1912, the congress of the International met in

Hirgen at 01:20, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T01:20:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:20, 25 May 2007
Line 107:		Line 107:
	that he or his party ought to give up the old principles, but that		that he or his party ought to give up the old principles, but that
	conditions ought to accommodate him."<ref>Quoting Karl Marx, <i>The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis		conditions ought to accommodate him."<ref>Quoting Karl Marx, <i>The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis
−	Bonaparte (1852)</ref> The modern proletariat	+	Bonaparte </i>(1852)</ref> The modern proletariat
	comes out of historical tests differently. Its tasks and its		comes out of historical tests differently. Its tasks and its
	errors are both gigantic: no prescription, no schema valid for		errors are both gigantic: no prescription, no schema valid for

Hirgen at 01:19, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T01:19:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:19, 25 May 2007
Line 924:		Line 924:
	<hr>		<hr>

−	<~~font size =4~~>~~Notes~~</~~font~~>	+	<h3>NOTES</h3>
	<references/>		<references/>
	<hr>		<hr>

	<center>Return to '''[[1916 Documents]]'''</center>		<center>Return to '''[[1916 Documents]]'''</center>

Hirgen at 01:18, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T01:18:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:18, 25 May 2007
Line 924:		Line 924:
	<hr>		<hr>

		+	<font size =4>Notes</font>
	<references/>		<references/>
		+	<hr>

	<center>Return to '''[[1916 Documents]]'''</center>		<center>Return to '''[[1916 Documents]]'''</center>

Hirgen at 01:04, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T01:04:00Z

Hirgen at 00:58, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T00:58:23Z

Show changes

Hirgen at 00:11, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T00:11:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:11, 25 May 2007
Line 156:		Line 156:
	most effective means of education and enlightenment into being,		most effective means of education and enlightenment into being,
	gathered the most powerful masses of voters and attained the		gathered the most powerful masses of voters and attained the
−	greatest number of parliamentary mandates. ~~<a name="point5"></a>~~ German Social Democracy	+	greatest number of parliamentary mandates. German Social Democracy
	was considered the purest embodiment of Marxist socialism. She had		was considered the purest embodiment of Marxist socialism. She had
	and laid claim to a special place in the Second International--its		and laid claim to a special place in the Second International--its
−	instructress and leader. <~~a href="#note5"~~>~~[5]~~</a><br><br>	+	instructress and leader. <ref>The successor to the First International, the Second took form in 1889 and recruited most of the Social Democratic parties of Europe from its central offices in Brussels. World War I destroyed the viability of the organization, although it continued to function as the voice of moderate socialists as opposed to the more radical communist parties arrayed in Lenin's Third International or Comintern (1919-43).</ref><br><br>

	In his famous 1895 foreword to Marx's <i>The Class Struggles in		In his famous 1895 foreword to Marx's <i>The Class Struggles in

Hirgen at 00:09, 25 May 2007

2007-05-25T00:09:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:09, 25 May 2007
Line 126:		Line 126:
	labor movement now stands in doubt. What we are experiencing in		labor movement now stands in doubt. What we are experiencing in
	this critique is a closing of accounts for what will soon be half		this critique is a closing of accounts for what will soon be half
−	a century of work at our posts. ~~<a name="point4"></a>~~ The grave of the Paris Commune	+	a century of work at our posts. The grave of the Paris Commune
	ended the first phase of the European labor movement as well as the		ended the first phase of the European labor movement as well as the
−	First International. <~~a href=~~"~~#note4~~"~~>[4]~~</a> Since then there began a new phase. In	+	First International.<ref>At the close of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, besieged Paris revolted against the regular French government (sitting in Bordeaux). For ten weeks representatives of the working class, organized as the Commune, ruled "the capital of Europe" with an efficiency and fairness that surprised and disturbed the propertied classes all over Europe. Recouping its forces, the elected French government retook Paris in street-by-street fighting marked by wanton atrocities and destruction of property on both sides. The First International, founded by Karl Marx in 1864, was falsely accused of fomenting the Commune. Its true purpose was to unite working class parties in pursuit of the revolutionary goals first outlined in the Communist Manifesto (1848). But doctrinal divisions and factionalism paralyzed the organization which met for the last time in Philadelphia in 1874.</ref> Since then there began a new phase. In
	place of spontaneous revolutions, risings, and barricades, after		place of spontaneous revolutions, risings, and barricades, after
	which the proletariat each time fell back into passivity, there		which the proletariat each time fell back into passivity, there

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:04, 25 May 2007
Line 128:		Line 128:
	a century of work at our posts. The grave of the Paris Commune		a century of work at our posts. The grave of the Paris Commune
	ended the first phase of the European labor movement as well as the		ended the first phase of the European labor movement as well as the
−	First International.<ref>At the close of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, besieged Paris revolted against the regular French government (sitting in Bordeaux). For ten weeks representatives of the working class, organized as the Commune, ruled "the capital of Europe" with an efficiency and fairness that surprised and disturbed the propertied classes all over Europe. Recouping its forces, the elected French government retook Paris in street-by-street fighting marked by wanton atrocities and destruction of property on both sides. The First International, founded by Karl Marx in 1864, was falsely accused of fomenting the Commune. Its true purpose was to unite working class parties in pursuit of the revolutionary goals first outlined in the Communist Manifesto (1848). But doctrinal divisions and factionalism paralyzed the organization which met for the last time in Philadelphia in 1874.</ref> Since then there began a new phase. In	+	First International. <ref>At the close of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, besieged Paris revolted against the regular French government (sitting in Bordeaux). For ten weeks representatives of the working class, organized as the Commune, ruled "the capital of Europe" with an efficiency and fairness that surprised and disturbed the propertied classes all over Europe. Recouping its forces, the elected French government retook Paris in street-by-street fighting marked by wanton atrocities and destruction of property on both sides. The First International, founded by Karl Marx in 1864, was falsely accused of fomenting the Commune. Its true purpose was to unite working class parties in pursuit of the revolutionary goals first outlined in the Communist Manifesto (1848). But doctrinal divisions and factionalism paralyzed the organization which met for the last time in Philadelphia in 1874.</ref> Since then there began a new phase. In place of spontaneous revolutions, risings, and barricades, after
−	place of spontaneous revolutions, risings, and barricades, after	+
	which the proletariat each time fell back into passivity, there		which the proletariat each time fell back into passivity, there
	began the systematic daily struggle, the exploitation of bourgeois		began the systematic daily struggle, the exploitation of bourgeois
Line 182:		Line 181:
	role. At the [international] congresses, in the meetings of the		role. At the [international] congresses, in the meetings of the
	international socialist bureaus, all awaited the opinion of the		international socialist bureaus, all awaited the opinion of the
−	Germans. Especially in the questions of the struggle against	+	Germans. Especially in the questions of the struggle against
	militarism and war, German Social Democracy always took the lead.		militarism and war, German Social Democracy always took the lead.
	"For us Germans that is unacceptable" regularly sufficed to decide		"For us Germans that is unacceptable" regularly sufficed to decide
Line 194:		Line 193:
	Nowhere has the organization of the proletariat been yoked so		Nowhere has the organization of the proletariat been yoked so
	completely to the service of imperialism. Nowhere is the state of		completely to the service of imperialism. Nowhere is the state of
−	siege borne so docilely.<ref>With mobilization at the outbreak of the war, the role of the civilian sector in Germany shrank continually. The country was divided into defense sectors and commanding generals within these took over all the functions of government; they could suspend civil rights, arrest individuals under the guise of protective custody, and exercize considerable powers of censorship. Thus they were able to stifle dissent and particularly to restrict news of the military failures.</ref> Nowhere is the press so hobbled,	+	siege borne so docilely. <ref>With mobilization at the outbreak of the war, the role of the civilian sector in Germany shrank continually. The country was divided into defense sectors and commanding generals within these took over all the functions of government; they could suspend civil rights, arrest individuals under the guise of protective custody, and exercize considerable powers of censorship. Thus they were able to stifle dissent and particularly to restrict news of the military failures.</ref> Nowhere is the press so hobbled,
	public opinion so stifled, the economic and political class		public opinion so stifled, the economic and political class
	struggle of the working class so totally surrendered as in Germany.<br><br>		struggle of the working class so totally surrendered as in Germany.<br><br>
Line 804:		Line 803:
	passively as the same imperialism ordained the cruel destruction of		passively as the same imperialism ordained the cruel destruction of
	ten thousand Herero tribesmen and filled the sands of the Kalahari		ten thousand Herero tribesmen and filled the sands of the Kalahari
−	with the mad shrieks and death rattles of men dying of thirst;<ref>The Herero tribesmen rebelled against German control of their homeland in Southwest Africa, 1903-07. During the brutal wars of pacification, German troops forced men, women, and children into the Kalahari desert where many perished. The extraction of rubber from along the Putumayo River was accompanied by horrifying exploitation of native laborers.</ref>	+	with the mad shrieks and death rattles of men dying of thirst; <ref>The Herero tribesmen rebelled against German control of their homeland in Southwest Africa, 1903-07. During the brutal wars of pacification, German troops forced men, women, and children into the Kalahari desert where many perished. The extraction of rubber from along the Putumayo River was accompanied by horrifying exploitation of native laborers.</ref>
	[the "civilized world" looked on] as forty thousand men on the		[the "civilized world" looked on] as forty thousand men on the
	Putumayo River [Columbia] were tortured to death within ten years		Putumayo River [Columbia] were tortured to death within ten years