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<BLOCKQUOTE>
 
  <br><br>THERE is nothing in literature rarer as there
THERE is nothing in literature rarer as there
  is nothing more attractive than the note of originality. We can
is nothing more attractive than the note of originality. We can
  all of us now make fairly good copies, but unfortunately a copy,
all of us now make fairly good copies, but unfortunately a copy,
  however accomplished, is always a copy. In literature, moreover,
however accomplished, is always a copy. In literature, moreover,
  we do not merely have first-hand copies of great models, but
we do not merely have first-hand copies of great models, but
  copies of copies of copies. Smith does not model himself on Stevenson
copies of copies of copies. Smith does not model himself on Stevenson
  direct, but upon Jones, who again copies from Robinson, who derives
direct, but upon Jones, who again copies from Robinson, who derives
  through Brown, White, Black, Green, Thompson, and Jackson. What
through Brown, White, Black, Green, Thompson, and Jackson. What
  the reader of these Essays, if he has any instinct for letters,
the reader of these Essays, if he has any instinct for letters,
  will at once observe is the absence of the imitative vein, not
will at once observe is the absence of the imitative vein, not
  only in the presentation of the thoughts but in the thoughts
only in the presentation of the thoughts but in the thoughts
  themselves. The Student in Arms cannot, of course, find essentially
themselves. The Student in Arms cannot, of course, find essentially
  new subjects for his pen. It is far too late to be ambitious
new subjects for his pen. It is far too late to be ambitious
  in that respect. Besides, in dealing with war and the men who
in that respect. Besides, in dealing with war and the men who
  go forth to battle, he must necessarily treat of the great fundamental
go forth to battle, he must necessarily treat of the great fundamental
  and eternal realities---of life, death, the love of man for his
and eternal realities---of life, death, the love of man for his
  fellows., sacrifice, honor, courage, discipline, and of all their
fellows., sacrifice, honor, courage, discipline, and of all their
  effects upon human conduct. It is in his handling of his themes,
effects upon human conduct. It is in his handling of his themes,
  in the standpoint from which he views them. that the Student
in the standpoint from which he views them. that the Student
  shows the originality of which I speak. The way in which he manages
shows the originality of which I speak. The way in which he manages
  to escape the conventional in word and thought is specially noteworthy.
to escape the conventional in word and thought is specially noteworthy.
  Most men nowadays can only achieve freedom here at a great price---the
Most men nowadays can only achieve freedom here at a great price---the
  price of persistent effort. The Student in Arms, like the Apostle,
price of persistent effort. The Student in Arms, like the Apostle,
  had the felicity to be born free. Nature appears to have endowed
had the felicity to be born free. Nature appears to have endowed
  him with the gift of seeing all things new. He perpetually puts
him with the gift of seeing all things new. He perpetually puts
  things in a fresh light, and yet this light is not some ingenious
things in a fresh light, and yet this light is not some ingenious
  pantomime effect. It has nothing forced or theatrical or fantastic
pantomime effect. It has nothing forced or theatrical or fantastic
  about it. It is the light of common day, but shed somehow with
about it. It is the light of common day, but shed somehow with
  a difference.
a difference.
  <br><br>I would rather leave it at that, but if I
<br><br>I would rather leave it at that, but if I
  must try and push my analysis farther, I should say that the
must try and push my analysis farther, I should say that the
  special quality of mind that the Student in Arms has brought
special quality of mind that the Student in Arms has brought
  to his anatomy of the mind and soul of the British soldier---the
to his anatomy of the mind and soul of the British soldier---the
  Elizabethans would have called his book <I>The Soldier Anatomized-</I>--is
Elizabethans would have called his book <I>The Soldier Anatomized-</I>--is
  his sense of justice. That is the keynote, the ruling passion,
his sense of justice. That is the keynote, the ruling passion,
  of all his writing. There is plenty of sternness in his attitude.
of all his writing. There is plenty of sternness in his attitude.
  He by no means sinks to the crude antinomianism of &quot;to understand
He by no means sinks to the crude antinomianism of &quot;to understand
  all is to pardon all.&quot; His ideal of justice is, however,
all is to pardon all.&quot; His ideal of justice is, however,
  clearly governed by the definition that justice is a finer knowledge
clearly governed by the definition that justice is a finer knowledge
  through love. He loves his fellow man, and especially his fellow
through love. He loves his fellow man, and especially his fellow
  soldier, even while he judges him. That is why his judgments,
soldier, even while he judges him. That is why his judgments,
  though they are meant to be and are practical reports on the
though they are meant to be and are practical reports on the
  mind of the soldier, are in the best sense, works of art. They
mind of the soldier, are in the best sense, works of art. They
  have in them the essential of all art---passion. It is not enough
have in them the essential of all art---passion. It is not enough
  to say there is no art where there is no passion. Wherever there
to say there is no art where there is no passion. Wherever there
  is passion there is art.
is passion there is art.
  <br><br>Beyond this originality of view, this finely
<br><br>Beyond this originality of view, this finely
  tempered sense of justice through love, and this passion and
tempered sense of justice through love, and this passion and
  so creative force, there is a genial sense of humor and a scholarly
so creative force, there is a genial sense of humor and a scholarly
  feeling for words, which sent the Student in Arms forth wonderfully
feeling for words, which sent the Student in Arms forth wonderfully
  equipped for the task he has chosen. He is the critic in shining
equipped for the task he has chosen. He is the critic in shining
  armor who stands guardant regardant beside the soldier in the
armor who stands guardant regardant beside the soldier in the
  field.
field.
  <br><br>What is his task? Consciously or unconsciously,
<br><br>What is his task? Consciously or unconsciously,
  I know not which it is, to interpret the British soldier to the
I know not which it is, to interpret the British soldier to the
  nation in whose service he has laid down his life, and dared
nation in whose service he has laid down his life, and dared
  and done deeds to which the history of war affords no parallel.
and done deeds to which the history of war affords no parallel.
  One rises from the Student's book with a sense that man is, after
One rises from the Student's book with a sense that man is, after
  all, a noble animal, and that though war may blight and burn,
all, a noble animal, and that though war may blight and burn,
  it reveals the best side of human nature, and sanctifies as well
it reveals the best side of human nature, and sanctifies as well
  as destroys. A passage from one of the articles will show what
as destroys. A passage from one of the articles will show what
  I mean better than any attempt to anatomize the anatomizer. Here
I mean better than any attempt to anatomize the anatomizer. Here
  is a picture full of humor, friendliness, and power, of how the
is a picture full of humor, friendliness, and power, of how the
  &quot;lost sheep&quot; in a Kitchener battalion, what the uninspired
&quot;lost sheep&quot; in a Kitchener battalion, what the uninspired
  and unseeing man would call &quot;the wastrels,&quot; take their
and unseeing man would call &quot;the wastrels,&quot; take their
  training---
training---
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
     <br><br>They plunged headlong down the stony path of glory, but in
     <br><br>They plunged headlong down the stony path of glory, but in
Line 114: Line 114:
     There are things that cannot be overlooked, even in a &quot;
     There are things that cannot be overlooked, even in a &quot;
     Kitchener battalion.&quot;</BLOCKQUOTE>
     Kitchener battalion.&quot;</BLOCKQUOTE>
  <br><br>We see the men before our very eyes in the
<br><br>We see the men before our very eyes in the
  light of the camp. Now see the Student's revelation of them as
light of the camp. Now see the Student's revelation of them as
  they stand in the glory of battle
they stand in the glory of battle
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
     <br><br>Then at last we &quot;got out.&quot; We were confronted with
     <br><br>Then at last we &quot;got out.&quot; We were confronted with
Line 146: Line 146:
     when at last they laid their lives at the feet of the Good Shepherd,
     when at last they laid their lives at the feet of the Good Shepherd,
     what could they do but smile?</BLOCKQUOTE>
     what could they do but smile?</BLOCKQUOTE>
  <br><br>With all sincerity a Commander of today might
<br><br>With all sincerity a Commander of today might
  parody Wolfe and declare that he would rather have written that
parody Wolfe and declare that he would rather have written that
  passage than win a general action.
passage than win a general action.
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
   <BLOCKQUOTE>
     <br><br>J. ST. LOE STRACHEY.<BR>
     <br><br>J. ST. LOE STRACHEY.<BR>
     The <I>Spectator</I> Office.</BLOCKQUOTE>
     The <I>Spectator</I> Office.</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>


<br><br><CENTER><FONT SIZE="+2">AUTHOR'S FOREWORD</FONT></CENTER>




<br><br><CENTER><FONT SIZE="+2">AUTHOR'S FOREWORD</FONT></CENTER>
<br><br>THE articles which follow owe their existence
 
mainly to two persons, of whom one is the Editor of the <I>Spectator</I>,
<BLOCKQUOTE>
and the other is---not myself, at any rate. It was the second
  <br><br>THE articles which follow owe their existence
who made me write them in the beginning, and it was Mr. Strachey
  mainly to two persons, of whom one is the Editor of the <I>Spectator</I>,
who, by his constant encouragement and kindness, constrained
  and the other is---not myself, at any rate. It was the second
me to continue them. If there is, as he says, any freshness and
  who made me write them in the beginning, and it was Mr. Strachey
originality in them., it is the result, not of literary genius
  who, by his constant encouragement and kindness, constrained
or care, but of an unusual point of view, due to an unusual combination
  me to continue them. If there is, as he says, any freshness and
of circumstances. So let them stand or fall ---not as the whole
  originality in them., it is the result, not of literary genius
truth, but as an aspect of the truth. In them fact and fiction
  or care, but of an unusual point of view, due to an unusual combination
are mingled; but to the writer the fiction appears as true as
  of circumstances. So let them stand or fall ---not as the whole
the fact, for it is typical of fact---at least in intention.
  truth, but as an aspect of the truth. In them fact and fiction
<br><br>My thanks are due, not only to the Editor
  are mingled; but to the writer the fiction appears as true as
of the <I>Spectator, </I>who is godfather to the whole collectively,
  the fact, for it is typical of fact---at least in intention.
and to nearly every article individually, but also to the proprietors
  <br><br>My thanks are due, not only to the Editor
of the <I>Westminster Gazette, </I>to whose courtesy I am obliged
  of the <I>Spectator, </I>who is godfather to the whole collectively,
for permission to include &quot;Kitchener's Army&quot; and &quot;The
  and to nearly every article individually, but also to the proprietors
Cockney Warrior.&quot;
  of the <I>Westminster Gazette, </I>to whose courtesy I am obliged
  for permission to include &quot;Kitchener's Army&quot; and &quot;The
  Cockney Warrior.&quot;</BLOCKQUOTE>




Line 183: Line 180:




INTRODUCTION</FONT></TD>


I &quot;KITCHENER'S ARMY&quot;.
[[I &quot;KITCHENER'S ARMY&quot;.]]
    
    
II AN
[[II AN EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY]]
      EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY</FONT></TD>


III DISCIPLINE
[[III DISCIPLINE AND LEADERSHIP]]
      AND LEADERSHIP</FONT></TD>


IV THE BELOVED CAPTAIN</FONT></TD>
[[IV THE BELOVED CAPTAIN]]


V THE INDIGNITY OF LABOR</FONT></TD>
[[V THE INDIGNITY OF LABOR]]


VI &quot;THE COCKNEY WARRIOR&quot;</FONT></TD>
[[VI &quot;THE COCKNEY WARRIOR&quot;]]


VII THE RELIGION OF THE INARTICULATE</FONT></TD>
[[VII THE RELIGION OF THE INARTICULATE]]
   
   
VIII OF SOME WHO WERE LOST, AND AFTERWARD WERE FOUND.</FONT></TD>
[[VIII OF SOME WHO WERE LOST, AND AFTERWARD WERE FOUND.]]
    
    
IX AN ENGLISHMAN PHILOSOPHIZES</FONT></TD>
[[IX AN ENGLISHMAN PHILOSOPHIZES]]


X AN ENGLISHMAN PRAYS</FONT></TD>
[[X AN ENGLISHMAN PRAYS]]


XI THE ARMY AND THE UNIVERSITIES: A STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL VALUES</FONT></TD>
[[XI THE ARMY AND THE UNIVERSITIES: A STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL VALUES]]
    
    
XII A SENSE OF THE DRAMATIC</FONT></TD>
[[XII A SENSE OF THE DRAMATIC]]
    
    
XIII A BOOK OF WISDOM</FONT></TD>
[[XIII A BOOK OF WISDOM]]
    
    
XIV A MOBILIZATION OF THE CHURCH.</FONT></TD>
[[XIV A MOBILIZATION OF THE CHURCH.]]
    
    
XV A STUDENT, HIS COMRADES, AND HIS CHURCH</FONT></TD>
[[XV A STUDENT, HIS COMRADES, AND HIS CHURCH]]
    
    
XVI MARCHING THROUGH FRANCE</FONT></TD>
[[XVI MARCHING THROUGH FRANCE]]
    
    
XVII FLOWERS OF FLANDERS</FONT></TD>
[[XVII FLOWERS OF FLANDERS]]
    
    
XVIII THE HONOR OF THE BRIGADE</FONT></TD>
[[XVIII THE HONOR OF THE BRIGADE]]
    
    
XIX THE MAKING OF A MAN</FONT></TD>
[[XIX THE MAKING OF A MAN]]
    
    
XX HEROES AND HEROICS</FONT></TD>
[[XX HEROES AND HEROICS]]
    
    
Commentary</FONT></TD></center>
[[XXI Commentary]]
</center>
<hr>
 
<center>Return to '''[[Diaries, Memorials, Personal Reminiscences]]'''</center>

Latest revision as of 00:12, 25 September 2008



Studentinarms1.gif



With an Introduction by



J. St. Loe Strachey
Editor of The Spectator



Studentinarms2.gif



New York

E. P. Dutton & Co.

681 Fifth Avenue



PUBLISHED, 1917



Studentinarms3.2.jpg





PUBLISHERS' NOTE


Mr. Donald Hankey was killed in action on the Western Front on October 26, 1916.

.

INTRODUCTION



THERE is nothing in literature rarer as there is nothing more attractive than the note of originality. We can all of us now make fairly good copies, but unfortunately a copy, however accomplished, is always a copy. In literature, moreover, we do not merely have first-hand copies of great models, but copies of copies of copies. Smith does not model himself on Stevenson direct, but upon Jones, who again copies from Robinson, who derives through Brown, White, Black, Green, Thompson, and Jackson. What the reader of these Essays, if he has any instinct for letters, will at once observe is the absence of the imitative vein, not only in the presentation of the thoughts but in the thoughts themselves. The Student in Arms cannot, of course, find essentially new subjects for his pen. It is far too late to be ambitious in that respect. Besides, in dealing with war and the men who go forth to battle, he must necessarily treat of the great fundamental and eternal realities---of life, death, the love of man for his fellows., sacrifice, honor, courage, discipline, and of all their effects upon human conduct. It is in his handling of his themes, in the standpoint from which he views them. that the Student shows the originality of which I speak. The way in which he manages to escape the conventional in word and thought is specially noteworthy. Most men nowadays can only achieve freedom here at a great price---the price of persistent effort. The Student in Arms, like the Apostle, had the felicity to be born free. Nature appears to have endowed him with the gift of seeing all things new. He perpetually puts things in a fresh light, and yet this light is not some ingenious pantomime effect. It has nothing forced or theatrical or fantastic about it. It is the light of common day, but shed somehow with a difference.

I would rather leave it at that, but if I must try and push my analysis farther, I should say that the special quality of mind that the Student in Arms has brought to his anatomy of the mind and soul of the British soldier---the Elizabethans would have called his book The Soldier Anatomized---is his sense of justice. That is the keynote, the ruling passion, of all his writing. There is plenty of sternness in his attitude. He by no means sinks to the crude antinomianism of "to understand all is to pardon all." His ideal of justice is, however, clearly governed by the definition that justice is a finer knowledge through love. He loves his fellow man, and especially his fellow soldier, even while he judges him. That is why his judgments, though they are meant to be and are practical reports on the mind of the soldier, are in the best sense, works of art. They have in them the essential of all art---passion. It is not enough to say there is no art where there is no passion. Wherever there is passion there is art.

Beyond this originality of view, this finely tempered sense of justice through love, and this passion and so creative force, there is a genial sense of humor and a scholarly feeling for words, which sent the Student in Arms forth wonderfully equipped for the task he has chosen. He is the critic in shining armor who stands guardant regardant beside the soldier in the field.

What is his task? Consciously or unconsciously, I know not which it is, to interpret the British soldier to the nation in whose service he has laid down his life, and dared and done deeds to which the history of war affords no parallel. One rises from the Student's book with a sense that man is, after all, a noble animal, and that though war may blight and burn, it reveals the best side of human nature, and sanctifies as well as destroys. A passage from one of the articles will show what I mean better than any attempt to anatomize the anatomizer. Here is a picture full of humor, friendliness, and power, of how the "lost sheep" in a Kitchener battalion, what the uninspired and unseeing man would call "the wastrels," take their training---



They plunged headlong down the stony path of glory, but in their haste they stumbled over every stone!, And when they did that they put us all out of our stride, so crowded was the path. Were they promoted? They promptly celebrated the fact in a fashion that secured their immediate reduction. Were they reduced to the ranks? Then they were in hot water from early morn to dewy eve, -md such was their irrepressible charm that hot water lost its terrors. To be a defaulter in such merry company was a privilege rather than a disgrace. So in despair we promoted them again. hoping that by giving them a little responsibility we should enlist them on the side of good order and discipline. Vain hope! There are things that cannot be overlooked, even in a "

Kitchener battalion."



We see the men before our very eyes in the light of the camp. Now see the Student's revelation of them as they stand in the glory of battle



Then at last we "got out." We were confronted with dearth, danger, and death. And then they came to their own. We could no longer compete with them. We stolid respectable folk were not in our element. We knew it. We felt it. We were determined to go through with it. We succeeded; but it was not without much internal wrestling, much self-conscious effort. Yet they who had formerly been our despair, were now our glory. Their spirits effervesced. Their wit sparkled. Hunger and thirst could not depress them. Rain could not damp them. Cold could not chill them. Every hardship became a joke. They did not endure hardship, they derided it. And somehow it seemed at the moment as if derision was all that hardship existed for! Never was such a triumph of spirit over matter. As for death, it was, in a way, the greatest joke of all. In a way, for if it was another fellow that was hit it was an occasion for tenderness and grief. But if one of them was hit, O Death, where is thy sting? O Grave, where is thy victory? Portentous, solemn Death, you looked a fool when you tackled one of them 1 Life? They did not value life 1 They had never been able to make much of a fist of it. But if they lived amiss they died gloriously, with a smile for the pain and the dread of it. What else had they been born for? It was their chance. With a gay heart they gave their greatest gift, and with a smile to think that after all they had anything to give which was of value. One by one Death challenged them. One by one they smiled in his grim visage, and refused to be dismayed. They had been lost; but they had found the path that led them home; and when at last they laid their lives at the feet of the Good Shepherd,

what could they do but smile?



With all sincerity a Commander of today might parody Wolfe and declare that he would rather have written that passage than win a general action.



J. ST. LOE STRACHEY.

The Spectator Office.



AUTHOR'S FOREWORD




THE articles which follow owe their existence mainly to two persons, of whom one is the Editor of the Spectator, and the other is---not myself, at any rate. It was the second who made me write them in the beginning, and it was Mr. Strachey who, by his constant encouragement and kindness, constrained me to continue them. If there is, as he says, any freshness and originality in them., it is the result, not of literary genius or care, but of an unusual point of view, due to an unusual combination of circumstances. So let them stand or fall ---not as the whole truth, but as an aspect of the truth. In them fact and fiction are mingled; but to the writer the fiction appears as true as the fact, for it is typical of fact---at least in intention.

My thanks are due, not only to the Editor of the Spectator, who is godfather to the whole collectively, and to nearly every article individually, but also to the proprietors of the Westminster Gazette, to whose courtesy I am obliged for permission to include "Kitchener's Army" and "The Cockney Warrior."


CONTENTS


I "KITCHENER'S ARMY".

II AN EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY

III DISCIPLINE AND LEADERSHIP

IV THE BELOVED CAPTAIN

V THE INDIGNITY OF LABOR

VI "THE COCKNEY WARRIOR"

VII THE RELIGION OF THE INARTICULATE

VIII OF SOME WHO WERE LOST, AND AFTERWARD WERE FOUND.

IX AN ENGLISHMAN PHILOSOPHIZES

X AN ENGLISHMAN PRAYS

XI THE ARMY AND THE UNIVERSITIES: A STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL VALUES

XII A SENSE OF THE DRAMATIC

XIII A BOOK OF WISDOM

XIV A MOBILIZATION OF THE CHURCH.

XV A STUDENT, HIS COMRADES, AND HIS CHURCH

XVI MARCHING THROUGH FRANCE

XVII FLOWERS OF FLANDERS

XVIII THE HONOR OF THE BRIGADE

XIX THE MAKING OF A MAN

XX HEROES AND HEROICS

XXI Commentary


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